新概念第三册第27课

Lesson27

NothingtoSellandNothingtoBuy

不买也不卖

1编辑pptIthasbeensaidthateveryonelivesbysellingsomething.据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。Ithasbeensaidthat=itissaidthat据说liveby以…为生2编辑pptInthelightofthisstatement,teacherslivebysellingknowledge,philosophersbysellingwisdomandpriestsbysellingspiritualcomfort.根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家靠卖智慧为生，牧师靠卖精神抚慰为生。inthelightof=accordingto,takingintoaccount依据，按照philosophers和priests后面都承前省略了live,为了防止重复。3编辑pptphilosophern.哲学家Philosophyn.哲学TheancientGreekphilosopher苏格拉底Socrates['sɔkrəti:z]柏拉图Plato['pleitəu]亚里士多德Aristotle['æristɔtl]-Platoisdeartome,butdearerstillistruth.-Ilovemyteacher,butIlovetruthmore.---Aristotle4编辑ppt5编辑pptwisdomn.智慧Platoisamanofwisdom.=Platoisawiseman.wiseadj.英明的，明智的-Imadeawisechoice.wisdomteethThis

wisdom

that

yousimply

learnfrom

others’

is

notenough.

On

the

basis

of

it,

youshould

build

yourown

ideas.6编辑pptpriestn.牧师the

threemajorreligions

ofthe

world:基督教Christian['krɪstʃən]佛教Buddhism['bʊdɪzəm]伊斯兰教Islamism['izləmizəm]天主教Catholicism[kə'θɔlisizəm]道教Taoism

['taʊ'ɪzəm]印度教Hinduism['hinduizəm]7编辑pptChristian8编辑pptBuddhism['bʊdɪzəm]9编辑pptIslamism['izləmizəm]10编辑pptTaoism

['taʊ'ɪzəm]11编辑ppt

Hinduism

['hinduizəm]12编辑pptspiritualadj.精神上的，非物质的spirituallife/spiritualneedspiritedadj.精神饱满的，生机勃勃的，英勇的aspiritedgirllow-spirited沮丧的high-spirited兴奋的aspiriteddebate热烈的辩论public-spiritedadj.有爱国心的,有公德心的〔名词public-spiritedness〕Thankstoagroupofpublic-spiritedcitizens,theKrippendorfgardenhasbeenpreserved.多谢一群有公德心的市民，克利彭多夫花园才得以维持下去。13编辑pptThoughitmaybepossibletomeasurethevalueofmaterialgoodsintermsofmoney,itisextremelydifficulttoestimatethetruevalueoftheserviceswhichpeopleperformforus.虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，但要估算别人为我们为所提供的效劳的价值却是极其困难的。though引导让步状语从句，交代“先决条件是…〞intermsof从…方面说来，按照The

book

offers

nothing

in

terms

of

a

satisfactory

conclusion.14编辑pptItisthefashionnowadays,forinstance,toexplainallsocialunrestintermsofeconomicconditions.15编辑pptTherearetimeswhenwewouldwillinglygiveeverythingwepossesstosaveourlives,yetwemightgrudgepayingasurgeonahighfeeforofferinguspreciselythisservice.有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫给我们提供了这种效劳后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。a

high

fee

高昂的费用preciselyadv.精确地；恰恰16编辑pptgrudge

vt.怀恨；吝惜；妒忌；不情愿做n.怨恨；恶意；妒忌Hegrudgedpayinghistaxes.

他不愿付税金。-Hiscrudemastergrudgedhimeventhefoodheate.Hegrudgedmemysalary.

他吝于给我薪水。-Hegrudgedmysuccess.(vt.妒忌，怨恨)Theygrudgedhimhisprize.

他们嫉妒他得奖。17编辑pptsurgeonn.外科大夫surgeryn.外科手术The

plastic

surgeon

undercuttheskin

of

her

cheek.

整容外科医生将她的脸皮下部切开。physician[fɪ'zɪʃən]n.内科医生

gynecologist[,ɡaɪnə'kɑlədʒɪst]n.妇科医生pediatrician[,pidɪə'trɪʃən]n.儿科医生

dentistn.牙科医生nasal

['nezl]/ear/oral/braindoctor鼻科/耳科/口腔/脑科医生18编辑pptTheconditionsofsocietyaresuchthatskillshavetobepaidforinthesamewaythatgoodsarepaidforatashop.Everyonehassomethingtosell.社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东西可以出售。such后面的that引导同位语从句，such是代词。这个从句中的that引导的是一个定语从句，说明是“什么样的方法〞。动词不定式to

sell充当something的后置定语。19编辑pptTrampsseemtobetheonlyexceptiontothisgeneralrule.Beggarsalmostsellthemselvesashumanbeingstoarousethepityofpassers-by.在这条普遍的规律前面，好似只有流浪汉是个例外，乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。tramps

n.[træmp]流浪汉to

his

general

rule作证句子的补充状语。to

arouse

the

pity

of

passers-by是动词不定式短语，作目的状语，即“出售本人的目的是引起过路人的怜悯〞。20编辑pptpasser-byn.过路人〔复数passers-by〕looker-on旁观者father-in-law岳父，公公mother/son/daughter/brother/sister-in-law岳母/婆婆/女婿/儿媳妇/姐夫，妹夫/夫或妻的姐妹21编辑pptButrealtrampsarenotbeggars.Theyhavenothingtosellandrequirenothingfromothers.但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西.这句话由but引导，是对上句内容的转折。to

sell作nothing的后置定语。两个简单句由and连接。22编辑pptInseekingindependence,theydonotsacrificetheirhumandignity.在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严。in

seeking…为固定搭配，意思是“在追求…的过程中〞。Atrampmayaskyouformoney,buthewillneveraskyoutofeelsorryforhim.游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。这个句子由两个并列的分句构成，两个分句中各含有一个重要短语ask

sb.for

sth.(向某人索要某物)，ask

sb.to

do

sth.(要求某人做某事)。23编辑pptdignityn.尊严，高贵loseone'sdignity丢面子，失去尊严-Ifyouareafraidoflosingyourdignity,youcan'texpecttolearnaforeignlanguage.-Althoughsheisverypoor,shehasnotlostherdignity.24编辑pptHehasdeliberatelychosentoleadthelifeheleadsandisfullyawareoftheconsequences.

他是成心在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。he

leads作life的定语从句，前面省去了关系代词that。25编辑pptdeliberatelyadv.成心地〔=onpurpose〕-Hecougheddeliberately/onpurposetoattractmyattention.adv.慎重地，深思熟虑地-Hemadeadecisiondeliberately.26编辑pptconsequencen.后果，结果inconsequence因此，结果-Itrainedyesterdayandinconsequencethematchwascanceled.inconsequenceof因为...的缘故，由于-Hedidn'tcometoschoolinconsequenceofhisillness.taketheconsequenceof承担...的责任-Youhavetotaketheconsequenceoftheaccident.27编辑pptHemayneverbesurewherethenextmealiscomingfrom,butheisfreefromthethousandsofanxietieswhichafflictotherpeople.他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨。where

the

next

meal

is

coming

from是谓语be

sure所指的内容，即宾语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰anxieties,指“…的烦心事〞。befreefrom不受..的影响，后面常接pain,trouble,danger.28编辑pptafflictv.使苦恼，折磨beafflictedwith受...折磨-Heisafflictedwithadisease.Sheisafflictedwithaconscience

她受良心的责备。afflictionn.痛苦，苦恼The

thoughtthat

"this

person

is

the

onlyone

for

me"

is

the

root

of

the

affliction.

那种认为“这个人是我的唯一〞的想法是痛苦的根源。29编辑pptHisfewmaterialpossessionmakeitpossibleforhimtomovefromplacetoplacewithease.

他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是to

move

from

place

to

place

with

ease。with

ease相当于easily。30编辑ppteasen.容易withease熟练地，轻而易举地〔=easily〕-Hefinishedthetaskwithease。atease安逸，自由自在-Heisquiteateaseinpublic.be/feelillatease局促不安，心神不宁-Ialwaysfeelillateaseinastrangeenvironment.31编辑pptByhavingtosleepintheopen,hegetsfarclosertotheworldofnaturethanmostofuseverdo.由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然近得多。by

having

to

sleep

in

the

open是介词短语，作原因状语，意即“由于不得不露宿〞。get

close

to的意思是“接近…〞。get

far

closer

to…than…的意思是“比…接近…得多〞。do代替getclose

to

the

world

of

nature。32编辑pptnaturen.大自然naturereserve自然保护区n.本性humannature人性，人类本性-Caringanimalsishumannature.33编辑pptHemayhunt,beg,orstealoccasionallytokeephimselfalive;hemayevenintimesofrealneed,doalittlework;buthewillneversacrificehisfreedom.为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。intimesof在…的时候句中两个分号说明这两个简单句均为并列关系。34编辑pptWeoftenspeakoftrampswithcontemptandputtheminthesameclassasbeggars,buthowmanyofuscanhonestlysaythatwehavenotfeltalittleenviousoftheirsimplewayoflifeandtheirfreedomfromcare?说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑并把他们与乞丐归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些羡慕呢？as

beggars是class的定语。这里的as是关系代词，意思是“他们和乞丐归为同一类〞。their

freedom

from

care的意思是“他们的无忧无虑〞，freedom

from

care相当于free

from

care,只是由于句子结构和对词性的要求而把free改为freedom。35编辑pptcontemptn.蔑视holdsb.incontempt=lookdownuponsb.鄙视某人Iholdhimincontemptbecausehehasnothingtodoeveryday.incontemptof不顾；不把…放在眼里；藐视Hewentabroadincontemptofhisfather'sobjection.36编辑pptcontemptibleadj.可鄙的，可轻视的，不齿的Heisacontemptibleperson.You

can

tell

he

isa

rude

and

contemptible

man

bythe

content

of

his

hostile

comments.

从他充满仇意的言语内容中，大家不难看出他是个粗野可鄙的人。37编辑pptenviousadj.羡慕的，嫉妒的beenviousofIamenviousofyoursuccess.jealous['dʒɛləs]adj.妒忌的，吃醋的，羡慕的Heisjealousofoursuccess.envious羡慕jealous嫉妒，含贬义envious，jealousandhateful38编辑pptComprehensionquestions1.Ithasbeensaideveryonelivesbydoingwhat?Bysellingsomething.2.Whatdoteacherslivebyselling?Knowledge.3.Wholivebysellingwisdom?Philosophers.4.Andwhataboutthepriests?Theylivebysellingspiritualcomforts.39编辑ppt5.Howdifficultisittoestimatethetruevalueofservicesthatpeopleperform?Extremelydifficult.6.Wouldmostofuswillinglygiveupeverythingwepossesstosaveourlives?Yes,wewould.7.Butwhomightwegrudgepaying?Asurgeon.8.Whathastobepaidforinthesamewaythatgoodsarepaidfor?Skills.40编辑ppt9.Trampsseemtobeanexceptiontotherule.Whatistherule?Everyonehassomethingtosell.10.Whatdobeggarsalmost