电子通信技术专用英语Basic Knowledge of Electronics

电子与通信技术专业英语高职高专电子信息类"十三五"规划EnglishonElectronicandTelemunicationTechnology零一UnitⅠBasicKnowledgeofElectronicsLesson二Current,VoltageandResistanceUnitⅠNewWordsconductor[kən'dʌktə]

n.导体,导线ampere

['æmpɛə]

n.安培coulomb

['ku:lɔm]

n.库仑NewWordsMagnitude['mægnitju:d]n.大小,数量,巨大,广大equivalent[i‘kwivələnt]

a.相等地,相同地,等量地volt

[vəult]

n.伏特PhrasesandExpressionselectromotiveforce 电动势electriccurrent 电流Theflowofelectronsthroughaconductoriscalledacurrent.CurrentflowisrepresentedbythelettersymbolI.Thebasicunitinwhichcurrentismeasuredistheampere(amp).Oneampereofcurrentisdefinedasthemovementofonecoulomb(六.二八·一零一八electrons)pastanypointofaconductorduringonesecondoftime.Lesson一Current,VoltageandResistanceChineseTranslationofTexts通过导体地电子流称为电流。电流用字母符号I表示。度量电流地基本单位是安培。一安培电流地定义是:在一秒钟内有一库伦（六.二八×一零八电子）地电量通过导体地任何一点时电流为一安培。第二课电流,电压与电阻ChineseTranslationofTextsWhenitisdesirabletoexpressamagnitudeofcurrentsmallerthantheampere,themilliampere(mA)andthemicroampere(μA)unitsareused.Onemilliampereisequivalenttoone-thousandth(零.零零一)ofanampere,andonemicroampereisequivalenttoone-millionth(零.零零零零零一)ofanampere.ChineseTranslationofTexts当需要表示比安培小地电流量时,可用毫安（mA）与微安（μA）表示。毫安等于千分之一安培,一微安等于百万分之一安培。ChineseTranslationofTextsThetermvoltage(representedbythelettersymbolV)ismonlyusedtoindicatebothadifferenceinpotentialandanelectromotiveforce.Theunitinwhichvoltageismeasuredisthevolt.Onevoltisdefinedasthatmagnitudeofelectromotiveforcerequiredcauseacurrentofoneamperetopassthroughaconductorhavingaresistanceofoneohm.ChineseTranslationofTexts电压这个术语（用字母符号U表示）常用来表示电位差与电动势。度量电压地单位是伏特。使一安培电流流过电阻为一欧姆地导体所需地电动势定义为一伏特。ChineseTranslationofTextsAmagnitudeofvoltagelessthanonevoltisexpressedintermsofmillivolts(mV)ormicrovolts(μV).Largermagnitudesofvoltageareexpressedinkilovolts(kV).Onekilovoltequalsonethousandvolts.ChineseTranslationofTextsChineseTranslationofTexts小于一V地电压值用毫伏(mV)或微伏(μV)表示。较高地电压值可用千伏(kV)表示。一kV等于一零零零V。TheoppositiontocurrentiscalledelectricalresistanceandisrepresentedbythelettersymbolR.Theunitofresistanceistheohm,atermthatisoftenexpressedbyusingΩ.Oneohmisdefinedasthatamountofresistancethatwilllimitthecurrentinaconductorisoneamperewhenthevoltageappliedtotheconductorisonevolt.Largeramountsofresistancearemonlyexpressedinkiloohm(kΩ)andinmegohm(MΩ).ChineseTranslationofTexts对电流地阻力叫电阻,用字母符号R表示。电阻地单位是欧姆,常用Ω表示。一欧姆地定义是:当加到导体上地电压为一伏特时,将导体地电流限制为一安培所需地电阻值。较大地电阻值常用千欧(kΩ)与兆欧（MΩ）表示。ChineseTranslationofTextsTherelationshipbetweenvolts,amperes,andohmscanberepresentedby"Ohm’sLaw".Ohm’sLawstatesthattheratioofthevoltagebetweentheendsofawireandthecurrentflowinginitisequaltotheresistanceofthewire.Now,wecansaythatwhenagivenvoltageisappliedacrosstheendsofthewire,anelectriccurrentalwaysflowsalongit,andthevalueofthiscurrentdependsontheresistanceofwire(asshowninfig.二-一).ChineseTranslationofTexts伏特,安培与欧姆之间地关系可用欧姆定理表示。欧姆定律描述为:导线两端电压与流过导线地电流地比是导线地电阻。现在我们可说,当在导线两端施加一定电压时,导线总是有电流,电流地值取决于导线地电阻（如图二-一所示）。ChineseTranslationofTextsNotesTheflowofelectronsthroughaconductoriscalledacurrent.通过导体地电子流称为电流。一NotesThebasicunitinwhichcurrentismeasuredistheampere(amp).度量电流地基本单位是安培。句inwhichcurrentismeasured是定语从句,修饰unit。二Notestobedefinedas:给……下定义为,后可接名词或宾语从句,如课文第四段。三NotesWhenitisdesirabletoexpressamagnitudeofcurrentsmallerthantheampere…it是形式主语,不定式toexpressamagnitudeofcurrentsmallerthantheampere充当真正地主语。四Notes…requiredcauseacurrentofoneamperetopassthroughaconductorhavingaresistanceofoneohm…⑴过去分词required充当后置定语,修饰electromotiveforce;⑵havingaresistanceofoneohm是现在分词短语,充当后置定语,修饰conductor。五Notes…termthatisoftenexpressedbyusingΩ.此为ohm地同位语,其thatisoftenexpressedbyusingΩ是定语从句,修饰term。六Notes…thatwilllimitthecurrentinaconductorisoneamperewhenthevoltageappliedtotheconductorisonevolt.定语从句,修饰amountofresistance,其whenthevoltageappliedtotheconductorisonevolt是时间状语从句。七NotesTherelationshipbetweenvolts,amperes,andtheohmscanberepresentedby"Ohm’sLaw".伏特,安培与欧姆之间地关系可用欧姆定律表示。欧姆定律,即:电阻等于电压除以电流,即:R=U/I(U=IR或I=U/R)八Exercises一.WriteT(true)orF(false)besidethefollowingstatementsaboutthetext.a.CurrentflowisrepresentedbythelettersymbolI.b.Onemilliampereisequivalenttoone－thousandth(零.零零一)ofanampere,andonemicroampereisequivalenttoone-billionth(零.零零零零零零零零一)ofanampere.c.Thetermvoltageismonlyusedtoindicateadifferenceinpotentialbatelectromotiveforceisnot.d．Onekilovoltequalsonethousandvolts.e.Theoppositiontocurrentiscalledelectricalresistance。Exercises一.WriteT(true)orF(false)besidethefollowingstatementsaboutthetext.a.CurrentflowisrepresentedbythelettersymbolI.Tb.Onemilliampereisequivalenttoone－thousandth(零.零零一)ofanampere,andonemicroampereisequivalenttoone-billionth(零.零零零零零零零零一)ofanampere.Fc.Thetermvoltageismonlyusedtoindicateadifferenceinpotentialbatelectromotiveforceisnot.Fd．Onekilovoltequalsonethousandvolts.Te.Theoppositiontocurrentiscalledelectricalresistance。TExercises一.WriteT(true)orF(false)besidethefollowingstatementsaboutthetext.f.largeramountsofresistancearemonlyexpressedinkiloohm(kΩ)andinmegohm(MΩ).g.Theflowofelectronsthroughaconductoriscalledaresistance.h.Onevoltisdefinedasthatmagnitudeofelectromotiveforcerequiredcauseacurrentofoneamperetopassthroughaconductorhavingaresistanceofoneohm.Exercises一.WriteT(true)orF(false)besidethefollowingstatementsaboutthetext.f.largeramountsofresistancearemonlyexpressedinkiloohm(kΩ)andinmegohm(MΩ).Tg.Theflowofelectronsthroughaconductoriscalledaresistance.Fh.Onevoltisdefinedasthatmagnitudeofelectromotiveforcerequiredcauseacurrentofoneamperetopassthroughaconductorhavingaresistanceofoneohm.TExercises二.Matchthefollowingtermstoappropriatedefinitionorexpression.a.currentb.ampc.voltaged.ohme.Ohm’sLaw一.electromotiveforce二.Therelationshipbetweenvolts,amperes,andohms三.Theflowofelectrons四.theunitofresistance五.TheunitinwhichcurrentismeasuredExercises二.Matchthefollowingtermstoappropriatedefinitionorexpression.a.currentb.ampc.voltaged.ohme.Ohm’sLaw一.electromotiveforce二.Therelationshipbetweenvolts,amperes,andohms三.Theflowofelectrons四.theunitofresistance五.TheunitinwhichcurrentismeasuredExercises三.Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtothetext.Oneampereofcurrentisdefinedasthemovementof coulombpastanypointofaconductorduringsecondoftime.b.Onemilliampereisequivalentto (零.零零一)ofanampere,andonemicroampereisequivalentto (零.零零零零零一)ofanampere.Onevoltisdefinedasthatmagnitudeofelectromotiveforcerequiredcauseacurrentofone topassthroughaconductorhavinga ofoneohm.d.Oneohmisdefinedasthatamountofthatwilllimitthecurrentinaconductorisoneamperewhentheappliedtotheconductorisonevolt.Exercises三.Fillinthemissingwordsaccordingtothetext.Oneampereofcurrentisdefinedasthemovementofonecoulombpastanypointofaconductorduringonesecondoftime.b.Onemilliampereisequivalenttoone-thousandth(零.零零一)ofanampere,andonemicroampereisequivalenttoone-millionth(零.零零零零零一)ofanampere.Onevoltisdefinedasthatmagnitudeofelectromotiveforcerequiredcauseacurrentofoneamperetopassthroughaconductorhavingaresistanceofoneohm.d.Oneohmisdefinedasthatamountofresistancethatwilllimitthecurrentinaconductorisoneamperewhenthevoltageappliedtotheconductorisonevolt.Exercises四.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.PotentialTheunitforpotentialdifference,orelectromotiveforce,isthevolt.Theabbreviation,orsymbol,forthisunitisV.Voltageisexpressedinvolts.Recallthatonevoltequalstheamountofelectromotiveforce(emf)thatmovesacurrentofoneamperethrougharesistanceofoneohm.Exercises四.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.PotentialTheunitforpotentialdifference,orelectromotiveforce,isthevolt.Theabbreviation,orsymbol,forthisunitisV.Voltageisexpressedinvolts.Recallthatonevoltequalstheamountofelectromotiveforce(emf)thatmovesacurrentofoneamperethrougharesistanceofoneohm.电位电位差或电动势地单位是伏特。这个单位地缩写或符号是V。电压以伏特为单位。还记得一伏特等于使一安培地电流通过一欧姆地一个电阻地电动势。Exercises四.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.CurrentTheunitofmeasureforcurrentflowistheampere.Theabbreviation,orsymbol,forthisbasicunitofmeasureisA.Rememberthatoneampereequalsanelectronflowofonecoulombpersecondpastagivenpoint.Exercises四.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.CurrentTheunitofmeasureforcurrentflowistheampere.Theabbreviation,orsymbol,forthisbasicunitofmeasureisA.Rememberthatoneampereequalsanelectronflowofonecoulombpersecondpastagivenpoint.电流电流地计量单位是安培。这个基本地计量单位地缩写或符号是A。记得一安培等于一秒钟一库仑地电子通过某一点地电流。Exercises四.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.ResistanceResistanceisanotherelectricalparameterthattwoletter:"R"representsthegeneraltermresistanceandtheGreekletteromega(Ω)representstheunitofresistance,theohm.Rememberthatoneohmequalstheresistancethatlimitsthecurrenttooneamperewithonevoltapplied.Exercises四.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.ResistanceResistanceisanotherelectricalparameterthattwoletter:"R"representsthegeneraltermresistanceandtheGreekletteromega(Ω)representstheunitofresistance,theohm.Rememberthatoneohmequalstheresistancethatlimitsthecurrenttooneamperewithonevoltapplied.电阻电阻是另一个电气参数,这有两个字母,一个字母"R"代表电阻这个通常地术语,而希腊字母欧米茄(Ω)代表电阻地单位,欧姆。记住一欧姆等于提供一伏特电压时将电流限制为一安培所需地电阻值。Exercises四.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.ConductanceAnotherelectricalparameterisconductance.Conductanceistheoppositeofresistance.Theunitofconductanceisthesiemens(S)namedafterthescientistErnstSiemens.TheabbreviationforthegeneraltermconductanceisG.Exercises四.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.ConductanceAnotherelectricalparameterisconductance.Conductanceistheoppositeofresistance.Theunitofconductanceisthesiemens(S)namedafterthescientistErnstSiemens.Th