石油工程专业英语3

PetroleumScienceinEnglishInstructor:GuoQingChapterThreePetroleumIndustryThreeMainComponentsoftheIndustryUpstreamSector〔上游〕MidstreamSector〔中游〕DownstreamSector〔下游〕ThreeMaincomponentsoftheIndustryUpstreamsectorincludesmorethan1000exploration〔勘探〕andproduction〔生产〕companiesaswellashundredsofassociated〔相关〕businessessuchasseismic〔地震〕anddrilling〔钻井〕contractors〔承包商〕,servicerigoperators〔钻机造作效劳公司〕,engineeringfirms〔工程公司〕andvariousscientific,technical,serviceandsupply〔供给〕companies.Midstreamsectorincludesoilandgaspipeline〔管道〕systemsthatconnectproducingandconsuming〔消费〕areas.Otherfacilities〔设备〕extract〔提取〕sulphur〔硫〕andnaturalgasliquids〔天然气液，凝析油〕,storeoilandgasproductsandtransportproductsbytruck〔卡车〕,rail〔火车〕ortanker〔油轮〕.Downstreamsectorconsistsofrefineries〔炼油厂〕,gasdistributionutilities〔天然气销售〕,oilproductwholesalers〔批发商〕,servicestations〔效劳站〕andpetrochemicalcompanies〔石油化工公司〕.Intherealsense,thefirstpetroleumwellduginTitusville,Pennsylvania,USAin1859markedthebeginningofpetroleumindustryinmoderntimes.Fromthenonpetroleumindustrydevelopsatatremendousspeedallovertheworld.Nowadaysmanysuper-bigoilgroupscontrol80%ofoilexplorationandproductionworldwide.Inthefollowingsomeofthesegroupswillbeintroducedtoyou.PetroChinaCompanyLimited(“PetroChina〞)PetroChinaCompanyLimited(“PetroChina〞)isthelargestoilandgasproducer〔生产商〕anddistributor〔销售商〕,playingadominant〔举足轻重〕roleintheoilandgasindustryinChina.Itisnotonlyoneofthecompanieswiththebiggestsalesrevenue〔年销售收入〕inChina,butalsooneofthelargestoilcompaniesintheworld.PetroChinacommitsitselftobecominganinternationalenergycompanywithstrongcompetitiveness〔竞争力〕andoneofthemajorproducersanddistributors〔销售商〕ofpetroleumandpetrochemicalproductsintheworld.Itengages〔涉及〕inwiderangeofactivitiesrelatedtooilandnaturalgas,including:exploration,development,productionandmarketing〔销售〕ofcrudeoilandnaturalgas;refining〔练制〕,transportation〔运输〕,storage〔储存〕andmarketingofcrudeoilandoilproducts;theproductionandmarketingofprimarypetrochemicalproducts〔初级化工产品〕,derivativechemicals〔衍生化工产品〕andotherchemicals;transportationofnaturalgas,crudeoilandrefinedoil〔精练油〕,andmarketingofnaturalgas.中国石油致力于开展成为具有较强竞争力的国际能源公司，成为全球石油石化产品重要的生产和销售商之一。广泛从事与石油、天然气有关的各项业务，主要包括：原油和天然气的勘探、开发、生产和销售；原油和石油产品的炼制、运输、储存和销售；根本石油化工产品、衍生化工产品及其他化工产品的生产和销售；天然气、原油和成品油的输送及天然气的销售。ChinaNationalPetroleumCorporation(CNPC)isthesolesponsorandcontrollingshareholderofPetroChina.中国石油唯一的发起人及控股股东为中国石油天然气集团公司Corebusiness核心经营exploration,development,productionandmarketingofcrudeoilandnaturalgas;2.refining,transportation,storageandmarketingofcrudeoilandoilproducts;3.productionandmarketingofprimarypetrochemicalproducts,derivativechemicalsandotherchemicals;4.transportationofnaturalgas,crudeoilandrefinedoil,andmarketingofnaturalgas.

Developmentstrategies开展战略PetroChinaisoneofthecompanieswiththelargestsalesrevenueinChina.ItisnotonlythelargestanddominantproduceranddistributorintheoilandgasindustryinChina,butalsooneofthelargestoilcompaniesintheworld.TheCompany,undertheguidanceoftheconceptofscientificdevelopment,isdedicatedtoimplementingthreestrategiesofresources,marketsandinternationalization.中国石油是中国销售收入最大的公司之一，是中国油气行业占主导地位的最大的油气生产和销售商，也是世界最大的石油公司之一。本公司将以科学开展观为指导，加快实施资源、市场和国际化三大战略。Resources资源战略PetroChinabasesitsstrategyonmaximization,diversificationandorderlyreplacementofhydrocarbonresources〔本公司以谋求油气资源最大化、多元化和有序接替作为战略的基点〕，byadheringtotheprinciplesofattachingequalimportancetooilandgas〔坚持油气并重〕,enhancingtheexplorationofdomesticresources,increasingtheacquisitionofoverseasresources,expandingtheexplorationofoffshoreresources,increasingstrategicreservesanddevelopingsubstitutionenergy〔加强国内、扩大境外、拓展海域、增强储藏、开展替代的原那么〕inordertoachievetherapidgrowthofoilandgasproduction,achieveabreakthroughinemergingenergyresources〔实现油气产量快速增长，新兴能源取得突破〕,consolidateourleadingroleinupstreamoperationsinChina〔稳固上游业务在国内的主导地位〕andstrengthenthefoundationforthesustainabledevelopmentoftheCompany〔不断增强本公司持续开展的根底〕.Market市场战略TheCompanywillpursueasustainingleadingroleinthemarketandthemaximizationofprofitbymakingfulluseoftheadvantagesineconomyofscaleandintegratedoperationsfromupstreamtodownstreambusinesses〔本公司谋求持续的市场主导地位和最大效益，充分利用规模经济优势和上下游一体化的优势〕,solidifyingmaturemarket,expandinghighefficiencymarket,exploitingstrategicmarket,developinginternationalmarket〔稳固成熟市场，扩大高效市场，开拓战略市场，开展国际市场〕,andcontinuouslypromotingitscompetitivepowerinbothdomesticandforeignmarket〔不断增强在国内外市场的竞争能力〕.Internationalization国际化战略TheCompanywilladheretotheprinciplesofactiveandprudentdevelopmentandmutualbenefit〔按照积极稳妥、互利双赢的原那么〕andtheconceptofcombining“incoming〞with“outgoing〞andcombiningresource,market,technologywithcapital〔按照引进来和走出去相结合，资源、市场、技术和资本相结合的思路〕,focusonoilandgasbusinesses〔以开展油气业务为主〕,strengtheninternationalcooperationandcapitaloperation〔加大国际合作和资本运作力度〕,putmoreemphasisonoverseasoilandgasexplorationanddevelopment〔重点加强海外油气勘探开发〕,developmid-streamanddownstreambusinessesinaprudent,effectiveandmoderatemanner〔谨慎、有效、适度开展中下游业务〕,activelyfacilitatethediversificationofsourcesforresourceimport,expandthescaleofinternationaloilandgastrade〔积极推进资源进口来源多元化，扩大国际油气贸易的规模〕inordertobuildPetroChinaintoamultinationalcompanywithstrongcompetitivepower〔把中石油建成国际竞争力较强的跨国公司〕.OperationObjectives经营目标

TheCompanyhassetitsdevelopmentobjectiveasbuildingPetroChinaintoaninternationalenergycompanywithstrongcompetitiveness.公司将其开展目标定位为具有较强国际竞争力的跨国能源公司。PetroChina’slogo〔中国石油标识〕PetroChina’slogosymbolisesitscommitmenttoensuringharmonybetweenthedevelopmentofenergyandtheenvironment.Theflower-shapedlogo’scolorsarethoseofChina’snationalflag,withitstenpetalsrepresentingitscorebusinesses.ThesolidredbaseillustratesPetroChina’sstrengthandcohesion,whiletherisingsunhighlightsourbrilliantfuture.中国石油的标识为红黄两色构成的十等分花瓣图形。标识色泽为红色和黄色，取中国国旗根本色并表达石油和天然气的行业特点。标识整体呈圆形，寓意中国石油国际化的开展战略。十等分的花瓣图形，象征中国石油主营业务的集合。红色基底突显方形一角，不仅表现中国石油的雄厚根底，而且蕴育着中国石油无限的凝聚力和创造力。外观呈花朵状，表达了中国石油创造能源与环境和谐的社会责任。标识中心太阳出升，光辉四射，象征中国石油蓬勃开展，前程似锦。Sinopec

中国石油化工股份ChinaPetroleum&ChemicalCorporation(hereinafterreferredtoas“SinopecCorp.〞)isalistedcompanyondomesticandinternationalstockexchangeswithintegratedupstream,midstreamanddownstreamoperations,strongoil&petrochemicalcorebusinessesandacompletemarketingnetwork.中国石油化工股份〔以下简称“中国石化〞〕是一家上中下游一体化、石油石化主业突出、拥有比较完备销售网络、境内外上市的股份制企业。SinopecGroup,thelargestshareholderofSinopecCorp.,isasuper-largepetroleum.中国石油化工集团公司依是中国石化最大的控股股东。Corebusiness〔核心经营〕SinopecCorp.isoneofthelargestintegrated〔一体化〕energyandchemicalcompanyinChina.Thescopeofitsbusinessmainlycoversoilandgasexplorationandproduction〔石油与天然气勘探开发〕,extraction〔开采〕,pipelinetransmission〔管道运输〕andmarketing〔销售〕;2.oilrefining〔石油炼制〕;3.production,marketing,storageandtransportationofpetrochemicals〔石油化工〕,chemicalfibers〔,化纤〕chemicalfertilizers〔化肥〕andotherchemicalproducts;import,exportandimport/exportagencybusiness〔进出口、代理进出口业务〕ofcrudeoil,naturalgas,refinedoilproducts〔练制石油产品〕,petrochemicals〔石油化工产品〕,chemicals,andothercommodities〔商品〕andtechnologies;5.research,developmentandapplicationoftechnologyandinformation.〔技术、信息的研究、开发、应用〕TheCompanyisChina'slargestproducerandsupplierofrefinedoilproducts(includinggasoline,dieselandjetfuel,etc.)andmajorpetrochemicalproducts(includingsyntheticresin,syntheticfibermonomersandpolymers,syntheticfiber,syntheticrubber,chemicalfertilizerandpetrochemicalintermediates).ItisalsoChina'ssecondlargestcrudeoilproducer.中国石化是中国最大的石油产品〔包括汽油、柴油、航空煤油等〕和主要石化产品〔包括合成树脂、合成纤维单体及聚合物、合成纤维、合成橡胶、化肥和中间石化产品〕生产商和供给商，也是中国第二大原油生产商。DevelopmentstrategiesAsanendeavortobecomeamultinationalenergyandchemicalcompanywithfairlystronginternationalcompetitiveness,SinopecCorp.willseriouslyimplementstrategiesofresource,market,integrationandinternationalizationwithmorefocusoninnovationofscience,technologyandmanagementexpertise,aswellasimprovementofemployees'quality.中国石化将认真实施资源、市场、一体化和国际化战略，更加注重科技创新、管理创新和提高队伍素质，努力把中国石化建设成为具有较强国际竞争力的跨国能源化工公司。TheCompanynowusessixregisteredtrademarksInternallycalled'RisingSun'andregisteredbySinopecGroup.TheGrouppermitstheuseofthistrademarkbytheCompany,freeofcharge.ItismainlyusedtotheCompany'sproducts(polypropylene,forinstance)andservices(gasstations,forinstance).内部简称“朝阳商标〞，注册人：中国石油化工集团公司；

集团公司无偿许可股份公司使用“朝阳商标〞；

“朝阳商标〞主要用于中国石化提供的商品〔比方聚丙烯〕和效劳〔比方加油站〕。Internallycalled'SINOPEC'andregisteredbySinopecGroup.TheGrouppermitstheuseofthistrademarkbytheCompany,freeofcharge.ItismainlyusedtotheCompany'sproductsandservices.内部简称“SINOPEC商标〞，注册人：中国石油化工集团公司；

集团公司无偿许可股份公司使用“SINOPEC商标〞；

“SINOPEC商标〞主要用于中国石化提供的商品和效劳。Internallycalled'GreatWall'andregisteredbySinopecCorp.ItiscertifiedbyChinaTrademarkOfficeasanationalbrandnameandmainlyusedtotheCompany'sseriallubricants.内部简称“长城商标〞，注册人：中国石油化工股份公司；

“长城商标〞系国家商标局认定的“著名商标〞；

“长城商标〞主要用于中国石化提供的润滑油系列商品。Internallycalled'GreatWallOilDrop'andregisteredbySinopecCorp.ItiscertifiedbyChinaTrademarkOfficeasanationalbrandnameandmainlyusedtotheCompany'sseriallubricants.內部简称“长城商标〞，系国家商标局认定的“中国著名商标〞；

主要用于中国石化提供的润滑油〔脂〕系列商品；

注冊人：中国石油化工股份公司；

品牌标志以两个英文字母“C〞为设计题材，由“C〞造型演化成两条运动有力的弧线。

内侧红色的“C〞代表“客户〞〔Customer〕；

外侧蓝色的“C〞代表“品质〞〔Character〕；

充分表达中国石化长城润滑油以“客户〞为核心、以卓越“品质〞为客户提供全方位效劳的品牌追求。

SINOPEC为国际市场〔大陆以外市场〕润滑油惟一品牌Internallycalled'StarrySky'andregisteredbySinopecGroup.TheGrouppermitstheuseofthistrademarkbytheCompany,freeofcharge.ItismainlyusedtotheCompany'sproductsandservices.内部简称“满天星商标〞，注册人：中国石油化工集团公司；

集团公司无偿许可股份公司使用“满天星商标〞；

“满天星商标〞主要用于中国石化提供的商品和效劳。

Trademark“DONGHAIBRAND〞registeredbySinopecShanghaiAsphaltSalesCompany;

“DONGHAIBRAND〞heavydutyroadasphaltisawardedthetitleof“Chinesefamousbrandproduct〞.

Trademark“DONGHAIBRAND〞ismainlyusedforaseriesofSinopecasphaltproducts.内部简称“东海沥青商标〞，注册人：中国石油化工股份公司上海沥青销售分公司；

“东海沥青商标〞主要用于中国石化提供的沥青系列商品。

TotalGroup法国道达尔集团Aglobalmulti-energyproviderTotalistheworld’sfourth-largestpublicly-tradedintegratedinternationaloilandgascompany〔道达尔是全球第四大石油与天然气一体化上市公司〕，withoperationsinmorethan130countries〔业务普及全球130多个国家〕spanningallaspectsofthepetroleumindustry,includingUpstreamoperations(oilandgasexploration,developmentandproduction,LNG)andDownstreamoperations(refining,marketingandthetradingandshippingofcrudeoilandpetroleumproducts)〔涵盖整个石油天然气产业链，包括上游业务〔石油和天然气勘探、开发与生产，以及液化天然气〕和下游业务〔炼油与销售，原油及成品油的贸易与运输〕.Totalalsoproducesbasechemicals(petrochemicalsandfertilizers)andspecialtychemicalsfortheindustrialandconsumermarkets(rubberprocessing,resins,adhesivesandelectroplating)〔道达尔还致力于生产根底化学品〔石化产品与化肥〕及面向工业市场和消费者市场的特种化学品〔橡胶加工、树脂、粘合剂与电镀〕.Inaddition,Totalhasinterestsinthecoalminingandpowergenerationsectors.Totalisalsohelpingtosecurethefutureofenergythroughitscommitmenttodevelopingrenewableenergiessuchassolarpowerandmarineenergyandsecond-generationbiofuels〔此外，道达尔还涉足煤矿开采与发电领域，并致力于开发可再生能源，如：太阳能、海洋能以及第二代生物燃料，以保障能源的未来〕。Businesses经营Togetherwithitssubsidiariesandaffiliates,Totalisthefourthlargestpublicly-tradedintegratedinternationaloilandgascompanyintheworld*.道达尔与其众多分支及下属公司共同构成全球第四大石油与天然气一体化上市公司*。Totalengagesinallaspectsofthepetroleumindustry〔道达尔的业务涵盖整个石油产业链〕,includingUpstreamoperations(oilandgasexploration,developmentandproduction,LNG)〔包括上游业务〔石油和天然气勘探、开发与生产，液化天然气〕〕andDownstreamoperations(refining,marketingandthetradingandshippingofcrudeoilandpetroleumproducts)〔.和下游业务〔炼油、销售以及原油和油品贸易与运输〕〕Totalalsoproducesbasechemicals(petrochemicalsandfertilizers)andspecialtychemicalsfortheindustrialandconsumermarkets.Inaddition〔道达尔还生产针对工业及消费者市场的根底化工产品〔石化产品与化学肥料〕和特种化工产品〕,Totalhasinterestsinthecoalminingandpowergenerationsector〔此外，道达尔还从事采煤及发电业务〕.Total‘sworldwideoperationsareconductedthroughthreebusinesssegments〔道达尔的全球业务分为三个局部〕：UpstreamincludesoilandgasExplorationandProduction,GasandPowerandotherenergysources.〔上游包括石油和天然气勘探与生产，天然气与电力，以及其它能源。〕DownstreamcoversTradingandShipping,RefiningandtheMarketingofTOTALandElfbrandpetroleumproducts,automotiveandotherfuels,andspecialtiessuchasLPG,aviationfuelandlubricants,throughboththeretailnetworkandotheroutletsworldwide.〔下游涵盖贸易与运输，炼油和销售，即通过全球零售网络及其它渠道销售道达尔及埃尔夫品牌油品、车用油和其它燃油、以及液化石油气，航空油料及润滑油等特种油品。〕ChemicalscomprisesvariousactivitiesincludingBasechemicals(PetrochemicalsandFertilizers)andSpecialtiesforindustryandtheconsumermarket.〔化工部业务包括根底化工〔石化及化肥〕和针对工业和消费市场的特种化工。〕CoreValues核心价值观Totalisdeterminedtobaseitsfuturegrowthonasetofvaluesandprinciplesthatclearlyassert

itscommitmenttoethicsandtoresponsibleactioninallitsbusinessareas.道达尔承诺，将公司所有业务的未来增长建立在一套明确说明公司的道德标准和负责精神的价值观和准那么之上。Total’svaluesare:〔道达尔的价值观包括：〕professionalism,underpinnedbyintegrityandresponsibility,exemplarybehaviourandaccountability,respectforallGroupemployees,permanentconcernforsafetyandenvironmentalprotection,

thewill

tocontribute

to

thedevelopmentofthecommunitieshostingouroperations.职业化，强调正直、责任感、以身作那么和负责精神尊重集团所有员工持续关注平安及环境保护为东道国的开展做出奉献BPgroup英国石油集团BPisofoneoftheworld'slargestenergycompanies,providingitscustomerswithfuelfortransportation,energyforheatandlight,retailservicesandpetrochemicalsproductsforeverydayitemsBP是世界上最大的能源公司之一，我们向顾客提供运输燃料、光热能源、油品零售效劳以及与人们日常生活密切相关的各种石化产品。Asoneoftheworld'slargestBP’sbusinessactivitiesincludeoffshoregasproduction,chemicaljointventures,aviationfuelsupply,LPGimportandmarketing,oilproductandlubricantretailing,solarpowerinstallationsandmanufacturing,andthesalesofchemicalstechnology.petroleumandpetrochemicalscompanies.作为世界上最大的石油和石化集团公司之一，BP一直致力于在中国的长期开展。BP通过与中国的大型石化企业合作，建立了完善的业务体系。BP主要业务包括合资兴建大型石化联合企业，天然气的生产和进口，加油站零售业务，润滑油的生产和销售，液化石油气〔LPG〕的进口及营销，航空燃油供给，以及太阳能发电装置的本地生产。Throughthesebusinesses,BPprovidesourcustomerswithfuelfortransportation,energyforheatandlight,retailservicesandpetrochemicalsproductsforeverydayitems.通过这些业务，BP时刻为客户提供着运输燃料、光热能源、油品零售效劳以及与人们日常生活密切相关的各种石化产品。BusinessThecoreBPbrands:

BrandvaluesandAspirationsOurbrandhasfourdistinctvalues–Green〔绿色环保〕,Innovation〔不断创新〕,Performance〔追求业绩〕andProgressive〔锐意进取〕.Webelieveweshouldadhereto〔坚持〕thesefourbrandvaluesineverythingwedoandsay.BPdefinesitselfasanenergycompany,besidesthetraditionalenergyitprovides,italsofocusesonprovidingleadershipinexploringlowcarbonenergytomeetthechallengesoftheclimatechangeandenergysecurity把自己定义为一个能源公司，除了提供传统的能源，它还着中于低碳能源的开发来满足气候变化和能源平安带来的挑战。ShellGroup壳牌集团Shellisaworldwidegroupofoil,gasandpetrochemicalcompanieswithinterestsinbio-fuels,windandsolarpowerandhydrogen.Itdefinesitselfasanenergycompany.Ithelpsmeetglobalenergydemandineconomically,environmentallyandsociallyresponsibleways.壳牌是一家石油，天然气和化工产品生产和销售的跨国集团，它在开发利用生物燃料，风能，太阳能和氢能方面也有浓厚的兴趣.它自定义为能源公司，从经济，环境和社会责任各方面出发帮助满足全球能源的需求。Itexploresfor,producesandrefinesoilandmarketsafullrangeofoilproducts〔各种石油产品〕.Italsofinds,producesandtransportsgasanditisactiveindevelopingrenewableenergy-

solar,bio-fuels〔生物燃料〕andwindsources〔风能〕.Itisactiveindevelopinghydrogen,ithasgrowingbusinessesinpowergeneration,andadiverseportfolioofproducts〔产品的多元化〕inourchemicalsbusinesses.DoyoustillthinkofShellasanoilcompany?Infact,we'reaglobalenergycompany.壳牌只是一家石油公司吗？事实上，壳牌是一家全球化的综合型能源公司Renewablesandhydrogen可再生能源和氢能Business经营Gas&Power天然气及电力Exploration&Production勘探和生产Chemicals化工OilProducts石油产品Shell’sValues

Weareavaluedrivencompanywithacommonsetofprinciplesandguidelinesthatgovernthewaywedobusinessacrossmorethan100countriesworldwide.

壳牌在全球100多个国家都运用统一的价值观、原那么和指导方针开展业务。Thesevaluesarecontainedinfourcorepolicies,whichareconsistentthroughouttheworldgoverningshell’sbusinessanddefiningthosevalues.这些价值观贯彻于全球统一的四项核心政策之中，也通过这些政策得以表达。

It’scoreval