78-317-EEC国外汽车行业标准

78/317/EEC

DefrostinganddemistingSystems

010307

DeutscherText:

78/317/EWG-Entfrostungs-undTrocknungsanlagen

Contents

TitleoftheStandard/History

Consideration

ANNEXI-Scope,definitions,applicationforEECtype-approval,EECtype-approval,specificrequirements,testprocedure

(*)

ANNEXII-ProcedurefordeterminingtheHpointandtheactualseat-backangleandforverifyingtherelativepositionsoftheRandHpointsandtherelationshipbetweenthedesignseat-backangleandtheactualseat-backangle

(*)

ANNEXIII-Methodfordeterminingthedimensionalrelationshipbetweenthevehicle’sprimaryreferencemarksandthethree-dimensionalreferencegrid

(*)

ANNEXIV-ProcedurefordeterminingvisionareasonwindscreensofvehiclesincategoryM1vehiclesinrelationtotheVpoints

(*)

ANNEXV-Steamgenerator

(*)

(*)ThetechnicalrequirementsofthisAnnexaresimilartothoseoftherelevantUNEconomicCommissionforEuropedraftregulation;thesubdivisionshavethusbeenobserved.WhereasectionofthedraftregulationhasnocounterpartintheAnnexetothisDirective,thenumberisgiveninbracketsfortherecord.

ANNEXVI-AnnextotheEECvehicletype-approvalcertificatewithregardtothewindscreendefrostinganddemistingsystems

Modifications:

78/317/EEC

COUNCILDIRECTIVE

of21December1977

ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothedefrostinganddemistingsystemsofglazedsurfacesofmotorvehicles

78/316/EECof21.12.1977OJNo.L81of28.03.1978

OJNo.L194of19.07.1979

CONSIDERATION

Top

THECOUNCILOFTHEEUROPEANCOMMUNITIES,

HavingregardtotheTreatyestablishingtheEuropeanEconomicCommunity,andinparticularArticle100thereof,

HavingregardtotheproposalfromtheCommission,

HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEuropeanParliament(1),

HavingregardtotheopinionoftheEconomicandSocialCommittee(2),

Whereasthetechnicalrequirementswhichmotorvehiclesmustsatisfypursuanttonationallawsrelateinteraliatothedefrostinganddemistingsystemsofglazedsurfacesofmotorvehicles;

WhereastheserequirementsdifferfromoneMemberStatetoanother;whereasitisthereforenecessarythatallMemberStatesadoptthesamerequirementseitherinadditiontoorinplaceoftheirexistingrulesinorder,inparticular,toallowtheEECtype-approvalprocedure,whichwasthesubjectofCouncilDirective70/156/EECof6February1970ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothetype-approvalofmotorvehiclesandtheirtrailers(3),asamendedbyDirective78/315/EEC(4),tobeintroducedinrespectofeachtypeofvehicle;

WhereasitisadvisabletodraftthetechnicalrequirementssothattheyhavethesameaimastheworkbeingcarriedoutonthesubjectintheUNEconomicCommissionforEurope;

WhereastheserequirementsapplytomotorvehiclesincategoryM1(theinternationalclassificationofmotorvehiclesisgiveninAnnexItoDirective70/156/EEC;

WhereastheapproximationofnationallawsrelatingtomotorvehiclesentailsreciprocalrecognitionbyMemberStatesofthecheckscarriedoutbyeachofthemonthebasisofthecommonrequirements,

HASADOPTEDTHISDIRECTIVE:

(1)OJN°C118,16.5.1977,p.33.

(2)OJN°C114,11.5.1977,p.9.

(3)OJN°L42,23.2.1970,p.1.

(4)Seepage1ofthisofficialJournal

Article1

ForthepurposesofthisDirective,’vehicle’meansanymotorvehicleincategoryM1(asdefinedinAnnexItoDirective70/156/EEC)intendedforuseontheroad,havingatleastfourwheelsandamaximumdesignspeedexceeding25km/h.

Article2

NoMemberStatemayrefusetograntEECtype-approvalornationaltype-approvalofavehicleongroundsrelatingtothedefrostinganddemistingsystemsofitsglazedsurfacesiftheysatisfytherequirementssetoutinAnnexesI,II,III,IVandV.

Article3

NoMemberStatemayrefuseorprohibitthesale,registration,entryintoserviceoruseofanyvehicleongroundsrelatingtothedefrostinganddemistingsystemsofitsglazedsurfacesiftheysatisfytherequirementslaiddowninAnnexesI,II,III,IVandV.

Article4

TheMemberStatewhichhasgrantedtype-approvalshalltakethemeasuresrequiredtoensurethatitisinformedofanymodificationofapartorcharacteristicreferredtoin2.2of

AnnexI

.ThecompetentauthoritiesofthatStateshalldeterminewhetheritisnecessarytocarryoutfurthertestsonthemodifiedvehicletypeandtoprepareanewreport.IfthesetestsshowthattherequirementsofthisDirectivehavenotbeencompliedwith,themodificationshallnotbeauthorised.

Article5

AnyamendmentsnecessarytoadapttherequirementsofAnnexesI,II,III,IV,VandVItotechnicalprogressshallbeadoptedinaccordancewiththeprocedurelaiddowninArticle13ofDirective70/156/EEC.

However,thisprocedureshallnotapplytoamendmentsintroducingrequirementsfordefrostinganddemistingsystemsofglazedsurfacesotherthanthoseofwindscreens.

Article6

1.

MemberStatesshallbringintoforcetheprovisionsnecessaryinordertocomplywiththisDirectivewithin18monthsofitsnotificationandshallforthwithinformtheCommissionthereof.

2.

MemberStatesshallensurethatthetextsofthemainprovisionsofnationallawwhichtheyadoptinthefieldcoveredbythisDirectivearecommunicatedtotheCommission.

Article7

ThisDirectiveisaddressedtotheMemberStates.

DoneatBrussels,21December1977.

FortheCouncil

ThePresident

J.CHABERT

ANNEXI

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SCOPE,DEFINITIONS,APPLICATIONFOREECTYPE-APPROVAL,EECTYPE-PPROVAL,SPECIFICREQUIREMENTS,TESTPROCEDURE

1.

SCOPE

1.1.

ThisDirectiveappliestothe180°forwardfieldofvisionofthedriversofvehiclesincategoryM1.

1.1.1.

ItspurposeistoensuregoodvisibilityundercertainconditionsbyspecifyingtherequirementsfordefrostinganddemistingsystemsforthewindscreensofcategoryM1vehicles.

1.2.

TherequirementsofthisDirectivearesowordedastoapplytocategoryM1vehiclesinwhichthedriverisontheleft.IncategoryM1vehiclesinwhichthedriverisontheright,theserequirementsshallbeappliedbyinvertingthecriteriawhereappropriate.

2.

DEFINITIONS

(2.1.)

2.2.

Vehicletypewithregardtothewindscreendefrostinganddemistingsystems

'Vehicletypewithregardtothewindscreendefrostinganddemistingsystems'meansvehicleswhichdonotdifferinsuchessentialrespectsas:

2.2.1.

theexternalandinternalformsandarrangementswithintheareaspecifiedinSection1whichmayaffectvisibility;

2.2.2.

theshape,sizeandcharacteristicsofthewindscreenanditsmounting;

2.2.3.

thecharacteristicsofthedefrostinganddemistingsystems;

2.2.4.

thenumberofseats

2.3.

Three-dimensionalreferencegrid

'Three-dimensionalreferencegrid'meansareferencesystemwhichconsistsofaverticallongitudinalplanex-z,ahorizontalplanex-yandaverticaltransverseplaney–z(seefigure2of

AnnexIII

).Thegridisusedtodeterminethedimensionalrelationshipsbetweenthepositionofdesignpointsondrawingsandtheirpositionontheactualvehicle.

Theprocedureforsituatingthevehiclerelativetothegridisspecifiedin

AnnexIII

;allcoordinatesreferredtogroundzeroshallbebasedonavehicleinrunningorder(asdefinedin2.6ofAnnexItoDirective70/156/EECplusonefront-seatpassenger,themassofthepassengerbeing75kg±1%.

2.3.1.

Vehiclesfittedwithsuspensionenablingtheirgroundclearancetobeadjustedshallbetestedunderthenormalconditionsofusespecifiedbythevehiclemanufacturer.

2.4.

Primaryreferencemarks'Primaryreferencemarks'meansholes,surfaces,marksandidentificationsignsonthevehiclebody.Thetypeofreferencemarkusedandthepositionofeachmarkrelativetothex,yandzcoordinatesofthethree-dimensionalreferencegridandtoadesigngroundplaneshallbespecifiedbythevehiclemanufacturer.Thesemarksmaybethecontrolpointsusedforbody-assemblypurposes.

2.5.

Seat-backangle(See

AnnexII

).

2.6.

Actualseat-backangle(See

AnnexII

).

2.7.

Designseat-backangle(See

AnnexII

).

2.8.

Vpoints

’Vpoints’meanspointswhosepositioninthepassengercompartmentisdeterminedbyverticallongitudinalplanespassingthroughthecentresoftheoutermostdesignatedseatingpositionsonthefrontseatandinrelationtotheRpointandthedesignangleoftheseatback,whichpointsareusedforverifyingcompliancewiththefield-of-viewrequirements(see

AnnexIV

).

2.9.

Rpointorseatingreferencepoint(See

AnnexII

).

2.10.

Hpoint(See

AnnexII

).

2.11.

Windscreendatumpoints

’Windscreendatumpoints’meanspointssituatedattheintersectionwiththewindscreenoflinesradiatingforwardfromtheVpointstotheoutersurfaceofthewindscreen.

2.12.

Transparentareaofawindscreen

’Transparentareaofawindscreen’meansthatareaofavehiclewindscreenorotherglazedsurfacewhoselighttransmittance,measuredatrightanglestothesurface,isnotlessthan70%.

2.13.

Horizontalseat-adjustmentrange

’Horizontalseat-adjustmentrange’meanstherangeofnormaldrivingpositionsdesignatedbythevehiclemanufacturerfortheadjustmentofthedriver’sseatinthedirectionofthexaxis(see2.3).

2.14.

Extendedseat-adjustmentrange

’Extendedseat-adjustmentrange’meanstherangedesignatedbythevehiclemanufacturerfortheadjustmentoftheseatinthedirectionofthexaxis(see2.3)beyondtherangeofnormaldrivingpositionsspecifiedin2.13andusedforconvertingseatsintobedsorfacilitatingentryintothevehicle.

2.15.

Defrostingsystem

’Defrostingsystem’meansthesystemintendedtomeltfrostoriceonthesurfaceofthewindscreenandthusrestorevisibility.

2.16.

Defrosting

’Defrosting’meanstheeliminationoffrostoricecoveringtheglazedsurfacesbytheoperationofdefrostingorwindscreen-wipersystems.

2.17.

Defrostedarea

’Defrostedarea’meanstheareaoftheglazedsurfaceshavingadrysurfaceorcoveredwithmeltedorpartiallymelted(wet)frostwhichcanberemovedfromtheoutsidefacebythewindscreenwipers.Itexcludestheareaofthewindscreencoveredwithdryfrost.

2.18.

Demistingsystem

’Demistingsystem’meansthesystemintendedtoremoveafilmofcondensateontheinsidesurfaceofthewindscreenandthusrestorevisibility.

2.19.

Mist

’Mist’meansafilmofcondensateontheinsidefaceoftheglazedsurfaces.

2.20.

Demisting

’Demisting’meanstheeliminationofthemistcoveringtheglazedsurfacesbytheoperationofthedemistingsystem.

3.

APPLICATIONFOREECTYPE-APPROVAL

3.1.

TheapplicationforEECtype-approvalofavehicletypewithregardtoitswindscreendefrostinganddemistingsystemsshallbesubmittedbythevehiclemanufacturerorbyhisauthorisedrepresentative.

3.2.

Itshallbeaccompaniedbythefollowingdocumentsintriplicate,andbythefollowingparticulars:

3.2.1.

adescriptionofthevehiclereferringtothecriteriamentionedin2.2,togetherwithdimensionaldrawingsandeitheraphotographoranexplodedviewofthepassengercompartment.Thenumbersand/orsymbolsidentifyingthevehicletypeshallbespecified;

3.2.2.

particularsoftheprimaryreferencemarksinsufficientdetailtoenablethemtobereadilyidentifiedandthepositionofeachinrelationtotheothersandtotheRpointtobeverified;

3.2.3.

atechnicaldescriptionofthedefrostinganddemistingsystems,togetherwithrelevantdatainsufficientdetail.

3.3

Avehiclerepresentativeofthevehicletypetobeapprovedshallbesubmittedtothetechnicalserviceconductingthetype-approvaltests.

4.

EECTYPE-APPROVAL

(4.1.)

(4.2.)

4.3.

AcertificateconformingtothemodelinAnnexVIshallbeattachedtotheEECtype-approvalcertificate.

(4.4.)

(4.5.)

(4.6.)

(4.7.)

5.

SPECIFICREQUIREMENTS

5.1.

Windscreendefrosting

5.1.1

Everyvehicleshallbeequippedwithasystemforremovingfrostandicefromtheglazedsurfacesofthewindscreen.Thewindscreendefrostingsystemshallbeeffectiveenoughtoensureadequatevisibilitythroughthewindscreenincoldweather.

5.1.2.

Theefficiencyofthesystemshallbeverifiedbydeterminingthedefrostedareaofthewindscreenperiodicallyafterstartingtheengine,thevehiclehavingbeenkeptinacoldchamberforacertainamountoftime.

5.1.3.

Therequirementsof5.1.1and5.1.2shallbecheckedusingthemethodsetoutin6.1.

5.1.4.

Thefollowingrequirementsmustbesatisfied:

.

20minutesafterthestartofthetestperiod,theareadefinedin2.2of

AnnexIV

(areaA)mustbe80%defrosted;

.

25minutesafterthestartofthetestperiod,thedefrostedareaofthewindscreenonthepassengersideshallbecomparabletothatspecifiedinforthedriver’sside;

.

40minutesafterthestartofthetestperiod,theareadefinedin2.3of

AnnexIV

(areaB)shallbe95%defrosted.

(5.1.5.)

5.2.

Windscreendemisting.5.2.1.Everyvehicleshallbeequippedwithasystemforremovingmistfromtheinteriorglazedsurfaceofthewindscreen.

5.2.2.

Thedemistingsystemshallbeeffectiveenoughtorestorevisibilitythroughthewindscreeninwetweather.Itsefficiencyshallbeverifiedbytheproceduredescribedin6.2.

5.2.3.

Thefollowingrequirementsmustbesatisfied:

.

theareadefinedin2.2of

AnnexIV

(areaA)mustbe90%demistedin10minutes;

(.)

.

theareadefinedin2.3of

AnnexIV

(areaB)shallbe80%demistedin10minutes

(5.2.4.)

6.

TESTPROCEDURE

6.1

Windscreendefrosting

6.1.1.

Thetestsshallbecarriedoutatoneofthetemperaturesspecifiedbelowasprescribedbythemanufacturers:-8±2°Cor-18±3°C.

6.1.2.

Thetestshallbecarriedoutinacoldchamberlargeenoughtocontainthecompletevehicleandequippedtomaintainoneofthetemperaturesmentionedin6.1.1inthechamberthroughoutthetestandtocirculatecoldair.Thecoldchambershallbemaintainedatorbelowthespecifiedtesttemperaturefornotlessthan24hoursbeforethestartoftheperiodduringwhichthevehicleisexposedtocold.

6.1.3.

Beforethetest,theinnerandoutersurfacesofthewindscreenshallbethoroughlydegreasedbymeansofmethylatedspiritoranequivalentdegreasingagent.Afterdrying,asolutionofammoniaofnotlessthan3%andnotmorethan10%shallbeapplied.Thesurfaceshallbeallowedtodryagainandthenbewipedwithadrycottoncloth.

6.1.4.

Thevehicle,withtheenginestopped,shallbekeptfornotlessthan10hoursatthetesttemperature.

.

Ifinstrumentsareavailabletocheckthattheenginecoolantandlubricantarestabilisedatthetesttemperature,thisperiodmaybeshortened.

6.1.5.

Followingtheexposureperiodprescribedin6.1.4,anevenlayeroficeof0,044g/cm²shallbeappliedovertheentireoutsidesurfaceofthewindscreenbymeansofawaterspraygunworkingat3,5±0,2baroperatingpressure.

.

Thespraynozzle,adjustedtofullfanpatternandmaximumflow,shallbeheldperpendiculartoandatadistanceofbetween200and250mmfromtheglazedsurface,andsodirectedastoformanevenlayeroficerightacrossthewindscreenfromonesidetotheother.

.1.

Aspraygunhavinganozzleof1,7mmdiameterandaliquidflowrateof0,395l/min,andcapableofproducingafanpatternof300mmdiameterontheglazedsurfaceatadistance200mmfromthatsurface,maybeusedtosatisfytherequirementsof6.1.5.Anyotherdevicebywhichtherequirementscanbesatisfiedshallalsobepermitted.

6.1.6.

Aftertheicehasbeenformedonthewindscreen,thevehicleshallbekeptinthecoldchamberfornotlessthan30minutesandnotmorethan40minutes.

6.1.7.

Aftertheperiodprescribedin6.1.6haselapsed,oneortwoobserversshallenterthevehicle,andtheenginemaybestarted,ifnecessarybysomeexternalmeans.Thetestperiodshallcommenceassoonastheengineisrunning.

.

Duringthefirstfiveminutesofthetestperiod,theenginespeedorspeedsmaybethosewhichthemanufacturerrecommendsforwarmingupwhenstartingincoldweather.

.

Duringthefinal35minutesofthetestperiod(orduringtheentiretestperiodifthefive-minutewarming-upprocedureisnotfollowed)theenginemustrun:

.1.

ataspeednotexceeding50%ofthespeedcorrespondingtoitsmaximumpoweroutput;moreover,.

(.2.)

.3.

thebatterymustbefullycharged;

.4.

thevoltageattheterminalsofthedefrostingdevicemaybenotmorethan20%abovethenominalratingofthesystem;

.5.

thetemperatureinthetestchambershallbemeasuredatthelevelofthecentreofthewindscreen,atapointnotsignificantlyaffectedbyheatfromthevehicleundertest;

.6.

thehorizontalcomponentofthespeedoftheaircoolingthechamber,measuredimmediatelypriortothetest,inthemedianplaneofthevehicleatapoint300mmforwardofthebaseofthewindscreenandatalevelhalf-waybetweenthebaseandthetopofthewindscreen,mustbeaslowaspossibleandinanyeventlessthan8km/h;

.7

theenginebonnet,thedoorsandthevents,excepttheintakesandoutletsoftheheatingandventilatingsystem,mustbeclosed;oneortwowindowsmaybeopenedforatotalverticaldistanceof25mmifthevehiclemanufacturersorequests;

.8.

thedefrostingsystemtemperaturecontrolshallbesettothe’maximum’position;

.9.

thewindscreenwipersmaybeusedduringthetestiftheycanoperatewithoutmanualassistance;

.10.

thedefrostingsystemprescribedbythemanufacturershallbebroughtintooperation,withthevehicleintheconditionspecifiedbythemanufacturerforsatisfactoryoperationatlowtemperature.

6.1.8.

Theobserver(s)shalloutlinethedefrostedareaontheinsidesurfaceofthewindscreen,atfive-minuteintervalsfromthestartofthetestperiod.

6.1.9.

Oncompletionofthetest,thepatternofthedefrostedareaoutlinedontheinnerfaceofthewindscreenasrequiredby6.1.8shallbenotedandmarkedtoidentifythedriver’sside.

6.2.

Windscreendemisting

6.2.1.

Beforethetest,theinsidesurfaceofthewindscreenshallbethoroughlydegreasedbymeansofmethylatedspirit,oranequivalentdegreasingagent.Afterdrying,asolutionofammoniaofnotlessthan3%andnotmorethan10%shallbeapplied.Thesurfaceshallbeallowedtodryagainandthenbewipedwithadrycottoncloth.

6.2.2.

Thetestshallbecarriedoutinanenvironmentalchamberlargeenoughtotakethecompletevehicleandcapableofproducingandmaintainingatesttemperatureof-3±1°Cthroughoutthetestperiod.

.

Thetemperatureinthetestchambershallbemeasuredatthelevelofthecentreofthewindscreen,atapointnotsignificantlyaffectedbyheatfromthevehicleundertest.

.

Thehorizontalcomponentofthespeedoftheaircoolingthechamber,measuredimmediatelypriortothetest,inthemedianplaneofthevehicleatapoint300mmforwardofthebaseofthewindscreenandatalevelhalf-waybetweenthebaseandthetopofthewindscreen,mustbeaslowaspossibleandinanyeventlessthan8km/h;

.

Theenginebonnet,thedocksandthevents,excepttheintakesandoutletsoftheheatingandventilationsystem,mustbeclosed;oneortwowindowsmaybeopenedfromthebeginningofthedemistingtestforatotalverticaldistanceof25mmifthevehiclemanufacturersorequests.

6.2.3.

Themistshallbeproducedbymeansofthesteamgeneratordescribedin

AnnexV

.Thegeneratormustcontainenoughwatertogenerateatleast70±5g/hofsteamforeachseatingpositiondesignatedbythemanufacturer,inanambienttemperatureof-3±1°C.

6.2.4.

Theinsidesurfaceofthewindscreenshallbecleanedasprescribedin6.2.1andthevehicleplacedintheenvironmentalchamber.Theambientairtemperatureshallbelowereduntilthetemperatureoftheenginecoolant,thelubricantsandtheairinsidethevehiclearestabilisedat-3±1°C.

6.2.5.

Thesteamgeneratorshallbeplacedwithitsoutletsinthemedianplaneofthevehicleataheightof580±80mmabovetheRpointofthedriver'sseat.Itshallnormallybeplacedimmediatelybehindthefrontseatbackrest,withtheseat-back,ifadjustable,setattheprescribedangle.Wherethedesignofthevehicleprecludesthis,thegeneratormaybeplacedinfrontofthebackrest,inthenearestconvenientpositiontothatmentionedabove.

6.2.6.

Afterthegeneratorhasbeenoperatingforfiveminutesinsidethevehicle,oneortwoobserversshallenterthefrontofthevehicle,theoutputofthegeneratorbeingthenreducedby70±5g/hforeachobserver.

6.2.7.

Oneminuteaftertheobserverorobservershaveenteredthevehicle,theengineshallbestartedasindicatedbythemanufacturer.Thetestperiodshallcommenceassoonastheengineisrunning.

.

Throughoutthetesttheenginemustrun:

.1.

ataspeednotexceeding50%ofthespeedcorrespondingtoitsmaximumpoweroutput;moreover,

(.2.)

.3.

thevehicledemistercontrolsmustbesetasrecommendedbythevehiclemanufacturerforthetesttemperature;

.4.

thebatterymustbefullycharged;

.5.

thevoltageattheterminalsofthedemistingdevicemaybenotmorethan20%abovethenominalratingofthesystem.

6.2.8.

Attheendofthetest,thedemistpatternshallberecorded.

ANNEXII

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PROCEDUREFORDETERMININGTHEHPOINTANDTHEACTUALSEAT-BACKANGLEANDFORVERIFYINGTHERELATIVEPOSITIONSOFTHERANDHPOINTSANDTHERELATIONSHIPBETWEENTHEDESIGNSEAT-BACKANGLEANDTHEACTUALSEAT-BACKANGLE

AnnexIIItoCouncilDirective77/649/EECof27September1977ontheapproximationofthelawsoftheMemberStatesrelatingtothefieldofvisionofmotorvehicledrivers(1)shallbeapplicable.

ANNEXIII

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METHODFORDETERMININGTHEDIMENSIONALRELATIONSHIPSBETWEENTHEVEHICLE’SPRIMARYREFERENCEMARKSANDTHETHREE-DIMENSIONALREFERENCEGRID

1.

RELATIONSHIPBETWEENREFERENCEGRIDANDVEHICLE’SPRIMARYEFERENCEMARKS

Toverifyspecificdimensionsonorwithinavehiclesubmittedfortype-approvalinaccordancewiththisDirective,therelationshipbetweenthecoordinatesofthethree-dimensionalreferencegriddefinedin2.3of

AnnexI

,whichhavebeenlaidoutattheinitialvehicle-designstage,andthepositionsoftheprimaryreferencemarksdefinedin2.4of,mustbeestablishedaccuratelysothatspecificpointsonthevehiclemanufacturer’sdrawingscanbelocatedonanactualvehicleproducedfromthosedrawings.

2.

METHODFORESTABLISHINGRELATIONSHIPOFREFERENCEGRIDTOREFERENCEMARKS

Forthispurpose,agroundreferenceplaneshallbeconstructed,whichismarkedwiththex–xmeasurementandthey-ymeasurement.Themethodofachievingthisissetoutinfigure3ofthisAnnex,thereferenceplanebeingahard,flat,levelsurfaceonwhichthevehiclestands,andwhichhastwomeasuringscalesfirmlyfixedtoitssurface;theseshallbegraduatedinmillimetres,thex-xscalebeingnotlessthan8mlong,andthey-yscalenotlessthan4mlong.Thetwoscalesmustbesetatrightanglestoeachotherasshowninfigure3ofthisAnnex.Theintersectionofthescalesiszero.

3.

EXAMINATIONOFTHEREFERENCEPLANE

Inordertoprovideforminorvariationsinthelevelofthereferenceplaneortestarea,itisnecessarytomeasurethedeviationsfromgroundzeroalongboththexandyscalesatintervalsof250mmandtorecordthereadingsobtainedsothatcorrectionscanbemadewhencheckingthevehicle.

4.

ACTUALTESTATTITUDE

Inordertoprovideforminorchangesinsuspensionheight,etc.,itisnecessarytohaveavailableameansofbringingtheprimaryreferencemarkstothecorrectco-ordinatepositionsrelativetothedesignattitudebeforefurthermeasurementsaretaken.Inaddition,itmustbepossibletomakeminorlateraland/orlongitudinaladjustmentstothevehicle’spositionsoastoplaceitcorrectlyinrelationtothereferencegrid.

5.

RESULTS

Thevehiclehavingbeencorrectlyplacedrelativetothereferencegridandinitsdesignattitude,thesiteofthenecessarypointsforstudyingtheforwardvisibilityrequirementscanbereadilydetermined.Testmethodstodeterminetheserequirementsmayincludetheuseoftheodolites,lightsourcesorshadowdevices,oranyothermethodwhichcanbeshowntogiveequivalentresults.

Figure1

Determinationof'V'pointsforaseat-backangleof25°

(1)Linetracingthemedianlongitudinalplaneofthevehicle.

(2)LinetracingtheverticalplanepassingthroughR.

(3)LinetracingtheverticalplanepassingthroughV1andV2.

Figure2

Three-dimensionalreferencegrid

Figure3

Levelworkspace

ANNEXIV

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PROCEDUREFORDETERMININGVISIONAREASONWINDSCREENSOFCATEGORYM1VEHICLESINRELATIONTOTHEVPOINTS

1.

POSITIONSOFTHEVPOINTS

1.1.

ThepositionsoftheVpointsinrelationtotheRpoint,asindicatedbyxyzcoordinatesfromthethree-dimensionalreferencegrid,areasshowninTablesIandII.

1.2.

TableIindicatesthebasiccoordinatesforadesignseat-backangleof25°.Thepositivedirectionforthecoordinatesisindicatedinfigure1of

AnnexIII

.

TableI

Vpoint

x

y

z

V1

68mm

-5mm

665mm

V2

68mm

-5mm

589mm

1.3.

Correctionfordesignseat-backanglesotherthan25°

1.3.1.

TableIIshowsthefurthercorrectionstobemadetothexandzcoordinatesofeachVpointwhenthedesignseat-backangleisnot25°.Thepositivedirectionforthecoordinatesisshowninfigure1of

AnnexIII

.

TableII

Seat-back

Angle(in°)

Horizontal

Coordinates

#

Vertical

Coordinates

#

Seat-back

Angle(in°)

Horizontal

Coordinates

#

Vertical

Coordinates

#

5

-186mm

28mm

23

18mm

5mm

6

-177mm

27mm

24

-9mm

3mm

7

-167mm

27mm

25

0mm

0mm

8

-157mm

27mm

26

9mm

-3mm

9

-147mm

26mm

27

17mm

-5mm

10

-137mm

25mm

28

26mm

-8mm

11

-128mm

24mm

29

34mm

-11mm

12

-118mm

23mm

30

43mm

-14mm

13

-109mm

22mm

31

51mm

-18mm

14

-99mm

21mm

32

59mm

-21mm

15

-90mm

20mm

33

67mm

-24mm

16

-81mm

18mm

34

76mm

-28mm

17

-72mm

17mm

35

84mm

-32mm

18

-62mm

15mm

36

92mm

-35mm

19

-53mm

13mm

37

100mm

-39mm

20

-44mm

11mm

38

108mm

-43mm

21

-35mm

9mm

39

115mm

-48mm

22

-26mm

7mm

40

123mm

-52mm

2.

VISIONAREAS

2.1.

TwovisionareasshallbedeterminedfromtheVpoints.

2.2.

Vision