2006年职称英语考试卫生类(A级)试题及答案

2006年职称英语考试卫生类(A级)试题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.Shewasapuzzle.

AgirlCproblem

BwomanDmystery

2.Herspecialityisheartsurgery

AregionCfield

BsiteDplatform

3.FrancehaskeptintimatelinkswithitsformerAfricanterritories

AfriendlyCstrong

BprivateDsecret

4.Youshouldhaveblendedthebutterwiththesugarthoroughly,

AspreadCbeaten

BmixedDcovered

5.heindustrialrevolutionmodifiedthewholestructureofEnglishsociety.

AdestroyedCsmashed

BbrokeDchanged

6.Ticketsarelimitedandwillbeallocatedtothosewhoapplyfirst.

ApostedCgiven

BsentDhanded

7.Thechangeinthatvillagewasmiraculous.

AconservativeCinsignificant

BamazingDunforgettable

8.Customersoftendeferpaymentforaslongaspossible.

AmakeCpostpone

BdemandDobtain

9.Canadawillprohibitsmokinginallofficeslaterthisyear.

AbanCeliminate

BremoveDexpel

10.Shereadapoemwhichdepictsthesplendorofthesunset.

AdeclaresBassertsCdescribesDannounces.

11.Frommystandpoint,thisthingisjustridiculous

AfieldCknowledge

BpointofviewDinformation

12.Thelatestcensusisencouraging

AstatementBassessment

CevaluationDcount

13.Thecuriouslooksfromthestrangersaroundhermadeherfeeluneasy.

AdifferentCuncomfortable

BproudDunconscious

14.Readingthejobad,hewonderedwhetherhewaseligibletoapplyforit.

AableCqualified

BfortunateDcompetent

15.Hewaselevatedtothepostofprimeminister.

ApulledClifted

BpromotedDtreated

第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.

TheDoctorinAmerica

Self-employedprivatephysicianswhochargeafeeforeachpatientvisithavebeenthenormforAmericanmedicalpractice.Mostphysicianshaveacontractrelationshipwithoneormorehospitalsintheircommunity.Theyrefertheirpatientsasneededtothehospital,whichusuallychargesaccordingtothenumberofdaysapatientstaysandthefacilities-X-rays,operatingrooms,tests-heorsheuses.

Somemedicaldoctorsareonsalary.Salariedphysiciansmayworkashospitalstaffmembers,orresidents,whoareoftenstillintraining.Theymayteachinmedicalschools,behiredbycorporationstocarefortheirworkersorworkforthefederalgovernment'sPublicHealthService.

Physiciansareamongthebest-paidprofessionalsintheUnitedStates.Inthe1980s，itwasnotuncommonformedicaldoctorsto，earnincomesofmorethan$100，000ayear.Specialists，particularlysurgeons，mightearnseveraltimesthatamount.Physicianslistmanyreasonswhytheydeservetobesowellrewardedfortheirwork.OnereasonisthelongandexpensivepreparationrequiredtobecomeaphysicianintheUnitedStates.Mostwould-bephysiciansfirstattendcollegeforfouryears，whichcancostnearly$20，000ayearatoneofthebestprivateinstitutions.Prospectivephysiciansthenattendmedicalschoolforfouryears.Tuitionalonecanexceed$10，000ayear.Bythetimetheyhaveobtainedtheirmedicaldegrees，manyyoungphysiciansaredeeplyindebt.Theystillfacethreetofiveyearsofresidency（住院医生实习期）inahospital，thefirstyearasanapprenticephysician.Thehoursarelongandthepayisrelativelylow.

Settingupamedicalpracticeisexpensive,too.Sometimesseveralphysicianswilldecidetoestablishagrouppractice,sotheycansharetheexpenseofmaintaininganofficeandbuyingequipment.Thesephysiciansalsotakecareofeachother'spatientsinemergencies.

Physiciansworklonghoursandmustacceptagreatdealofresponsibility.Many

medicalprocedures,evenquiteroutineones,involverisk.Itisunderstandablethat

physicianswanttobewellrewardedformakingdecisionswhichcanmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.

16ManyphysiciansintheUSareself-employedprivatephysicians

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17NosalariedphysiciansteachinmedicalschoolsintheUS.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18Ofallemployedphysicians,thosehiredbycorporationsarebestpaid

ARightBWrongCNotmentionedCSharethegoodnewswithyourfriends

DChooselanguagethatsuitsyou

EFollowyourdoctor'sadvice

FBepreparedforpeople'scuriosity

27Youcanbreakthenewsaboutyourdiagnosiswithoutsaying（）。

28Whenbreakingthenewsaboutyourdiagnosis，youcanhave（）。

29Afterhearingaboutyourdiagnosis，peoplewillaskquestions（）。

30Veryyoungchildrenwon'tfeelcomfortable（）。

Ayourownchoiceofwords

Btheword"cancer"

Cthepositivesteps

Daboutthenextstep

Eontoomanyanswers

Fwithtoomuchinformation

第4部分：阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题定1个最佳选项。

第一篇IstheTieaNecessity？

Ties,orneckties,havebeenasymbolofpolitenessandeleganceinBritainforcenturies.ButthecasualPrimeMinisterTonyBlairhasproblemswiththem.Reportssuggestthateventhecivilservantsmaystopwearingties.So,arethefamouslyformalBritishreallygoingtoabandontheneckties?

Maybe.Lastweek,theUK'sCabinetSecretaryAndrewTurnbullopenlywelcomedatielessera.Hehintedthatcivilservantswouldsoonbetreeofthecostliest12inchesoffabricthatmostmeneverbuyintheirlives.

Infact，Blairshowedthisattitudewhenhehadhisfirstgueststoacocktailparty.Manyofthemwerecelebrities（知名人士）withoutties，whichwouldhavebeenunimaginableevenintherecentpast.

ForsomemoreconservativeBritish,thetieisamustforproperappearance.Earlier,LaborleaderJimCallaghansaidhewouldhavediedratherthanhavehischildrenseeninpublicwithoutatie.ForpeoplelikeCallaghan,thetilewasasignofbeingcomplete,ofshowingrespect.Menweresupposedtowearatiewhengoingtochurch,toworkintheoffice,toaparty-almosteverysocialoccasion.

Buttoday,peoplehavebeguntoacceptacasualstyleevenforformaloccasions.

Theoriginofthetieistricky.Itstartedassomethingcalledsimplya"band".Thetermcouldmeananythingaroundaman'sneck.Itappearedinfinerwaysinthe1630s.Frenchmenshowedaloveofthisparticularfashionstatement.Theirneckwear（颈饰）impressedCharlesII，thekingofEnglandwhowasexiled（流放）toFranceatthattime.WhenhereturnedtoEnglandin1660，hebroughtthisnewfashionitemalongwithhim.

Itwasn't,however,untilthelate18thcenturythatfancyyoungmenintroducedamorecolorful,flowingpieceofcloththateventuallybecameknownasthetie.Then,clubsmilitaryinstitutionsandschoolsbegantousecoloredandpatternedtiestoindicatethewearer'smembershipinthelate19thcentury.Afterthat,thetiebecameanecessaryitemofclothingforBritishgentlemen.

Butnow,evengentlemenaregettingtiredofties.Anyway,thedayfeelsabiteasierwhenyouwakeupwithouthavingtodecidewhichtiesuitsyouandyourmood.

31Thetiesymbolizesallofthefollowingexcept

Arespect

Belegance

Cpoliteness

Ddemocracy

32WhydoesBlairsometimesshowupinaformaleventwithoutatie?

ABecausehewantstomakeashow,

BBecausehewantstoattractattention.

CBecausetiesarecostly.

DBecausehewantstoliveinacasualway.

33WhichofthefollowingisNOTasocialoccasion?

AGoingtochurch.

BGoingtoworkintheoffice.

CStayingathome.

DGoingtoaparty.

34WhobroughttheFrenchmen'sneckweartoBritain?

ATonyBlair.

BCharlesll.

CJimCallaghan.

DAndrewTurnbull.

35WhendidBritishgentlemenbegintoweartiesregularly?

AAfterthelate19thcentury.

BInthe1630s.

CIn1660.

DInthelate18thcentury.

第二篇Brain-deadMotherDiesafterGivingBirth

Abrain-deadwomanwhowaskeptaliveforthreemonthssoshecoulddeliverthechildshewascarryingwasremovedfromlifesupportonWednesdayanddied,adayaftergivingbirth.

"Thisisobviouslyabittersweettimeforourfamily,"JustinTorres,thewoman'sbrother-in-law,saidinastatement.

SusanTorres，acancer-stricken，26-year-oldresearcherattheNationalInstitutesofHealth，sufferedastrokeinMayafterthemelanoma（黑瘤）spreadtoherbrain.

Herfamilydecidedtokeepheralivetogiveherfoetus（胎儿）achance.Itbecamearacebetweenthefoetus'developmentandthecancerthatwasdestroyingthewoman'sbody.

DoctorssaidthatTorres'healthwasgettingworseandthattheriskofharmtothefoetusfinallyoutweighedthebenefitsofextendingthepregnancy.

TorresgavebirthtoadaughterbyCaesareansection（剖腹产手术）onTuesdayatVirginiaHospitalCenter.Thebabywastwomonthsprematureandweighedaboutakilogram.Shewasinthenewbornintensivecareunit.

DrDonnaTilden-Archer，thehospital'sdirectorofneonatology（新生儿学），describedthechildas"veryvigorous."Shesaidthebabyhadrespondedwhenshereceivedstimulation，indicatingshewashealthy.

DoctorsremovedTorresfromlifesupportearlyWednesdaywiththeconsentofherhusband，JasonTortes，aftershereceivedthefinalsacrament（圣礼）oftheRoman

CatholicChurch.

"WethankallofthosewhoprayedandprovidedsupportforSusan,thebabyandourfamily,"JasonTorressaidinastatement."WeespeciallythankGodforgivinguslittleSusan.Mywife'scouragewillneverbeforgotten."

English-languagemedicalliteraturecontainsatleast11casessince1979of

irreversiblybrain-damagedwomenwhoseliveswereprolongedforthebenefitofthe

developingfoetus,accordingtotheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenter.

DrChristopherMcManus,whocoordinatedcare1"orSusanTorres,puttheinfant'schancesofdevelopingcanceratlessthan25percent.Hesaid19womenwhohavehadthesameaggressiveformofmelanomaasTorteshavegivenbirth,andfiveoftheirbabiesbecameillwiththedisease.

36SusanTorresdiedsoonafter

Ashesufferedastroke.

Bshebecamebrain-dead.

Cshewasdiagnosedwithcancer.

Dshegavebirthtoababy.

37Thepregnancywasstoppedbecause

Athefoetuswasfoundseriouslyill.

Btherisksoutweighedthebenefits.

Ctherewasnohopetorescuethefoetus.

OtheTortesfamilycouldn'taffordtheexpensesanymore.

38WhichisNOTtrueofthebaby?

AShewasbornofadeadmother.

BShewastwomonthspremature

CSheweighedaboutakilogram.

DShewashealthy.

39SusanTorreshadbeenputonlifesupportso

Ashecouldlivecomfortably.

Bshecouldseeherbaby.

Cshecoulddiewithoutpain.

Dshecoulddeliverherbaby.

40Thebaby'schancesofdevelopingcancerweresaidtobe

Aabout11percent

Baround19percent.

Clessthan25percent.

Dcloseto5percent.

第三篇SmartExercise

Doctorsarestartingtofindmoreandmoreinformationthatsuggestsaconnectionbetweenexerciseandbraindevelopment.JudyCameron,ascientistatOregonHealthandScienceUniversity,studiesbraindevelopment.Accordingtoherresearch,itseemsthatexercisecanmakebloodvessels,includingthoseinthebrain,strongerandmorefullydeveloped.Dr.Cameronclaimsthisallowspeoplewhoexercisetoconcentratebetter.Asshesays:"Whilewealreadyknowthatexerciseisgoodfortheheart,exercisecanliterallycausephysicalchangesinthebrain."

Theeffectsofexerciseonbraindevelopmentcanevenbeseeninbabies.Babieswhodoactivitiesthatrequirealotofmovementandphysicalactivityshowgreaterbraindevelopmentthanbabieswhoarelessphysicallyactive.Withbabies，evenalittlemovementcanshowbigresults.MargaretBarnes，apediatrician（儿科医师），believesintheimportanceofexercise.Shethinksthatmanylearningdisabilitiesthatchildrenhaveinelementaryschoolorhighschoolcanbetracedbacktoalackofmovementasbabies."Babiesneedmovementthatstimulatestheirfivesenses.Theyneedtoestablishaconnectionbetweenmotionandmemory.Inthisway，astheygetolder，childrenwillbegintoassociatephysicalactivitywithhigherlearning，"saysMargaret.

Olderpeoplecanbeefuptheirbrainsaswell.CornellUniversitystudiedagroupofseniorsranginginagefromseventytoseventy-nine.Theirstudyshowedashort-termmemoryincreaseofupto40percentafterexercisingjustthreehoursaweek.Theexercisedoesnothavetobeverydifficult,butitdoeshavetoincreasetheheartrate.Also,justlikethemotionforinfants,exerciseforolderpeopleshouldinvolvesomecomplexity.Learningsomenewskillsormotionshelpstoopenupmemorypathsinthebrainthatmaynothavebeenusedforalongtime.

Formostpeople,anytypeofphysicalactivitythatincreasestheheartrateishelpful.Themaingoalistoincreasethebrain'sflowofblood.Andyourbraincanbenefitfromaslittleastwotothreehoursofexerciseaweek.

41ResearchbyDr.Cameronseemstosuggestthatexercisecan

Ageneratenewbloodvessels.

Bchangethewayapersonthinks.

Cpromotebraindevelopment.

Ddivertone'sattention.

42MargaretBarnesthinksthatalackofmovementininfancycan

Aleadtolearningtroubleslater.

Bcausephysicaldisabilitieslater.

Cstimulatethefivesenses.

Dbringaboutchangesinthebrain.

43Theexpression"beefup"inparagraph3means

A"control".

B"strengthen".

C"operate".

D"encourage".

44Tobebeneficial,exerciseforolderpeopleshould

Abedoneinagroup.

Bbedoneonadailybasis.

Cinvolvegreatdifficulty.

Dincreasetheheartrate.

45Thetitleofthepassageimpliesthat

Aonlysmartpeopledoexercise.

Bexercisecanbesmartorstupid.

Cexercisekeepsthebrainstrong.

Ditisfashionabletodoexercise.

第5部分：补全短文（第46～50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

HowDidSheConquertheAmericans?

African-AmericantalkshowqueenOprahWinfreyistheworld'smostpowerfulcelebrity，accordingtoForbesmagazine.（46）

Winfrey,51,draws30millionviewersweeklyintheUnitedStates.Hertalkshowreaches112countries.SheearnedUS$225millionoverthepast12monthstoranksecondincelebrityriches.

TheannualForbeslistgivesmostweighttoannualearnings.（47）

"After21years,herexcitingchatshowstillrulestheairwaves.Itcreatednewcelebritiesandhundredsofmillionsofdollarsinprofits,"themagazinesaid.

Winfreyismostpopularwithherpopulartalkshow"TheOprahWinfreyShow".Shecanalwaysattractthesuperstarsandletthemopenuptoherintimateinterviewingstyle.

Lastmonth，AmericanactorTomCruise，42，surprisedfanswhenhecelebratedhisnewromancewith26-year-oldactressKatieHolmes.Fiejumpedupanddown，shouting"I'minlove."Onlyafewyearsago，Cruiseandhisex-wifeNicoleKidmanappearedseparatelyonthesameshowtellingthenewsoftheirdivorce."（48）

Winfrey'sapproachappearstobesimple.Sheisinpursuitofself-improvementandself-empowerment（自强）。Thishasprovedtobejustwhatpeople，especiallywomen，want.

Winfreyoftentalksaboutherpersonalsecretsonhershow.Thatpullsinviewers.Forexample,sherevealedthatshehadbeensexuallyabusedasachild,andhasspokenfreelyofherstrugglewithherweight.

WinfreywasborntoapoorfamilyinMississippiin1954.（49）Atthewomantoageof19，shebecametheyoungestpersonandthefirstAfrican-Americananchor（主持）anewsprogramme.

Hersuccesshasnotjustbeenonthescreen.Hermediagroupincludesawomen'sTVnetworkandwebsitesforwomen.

Winfrey'sworkhasextendedtosocialchange.（50）

ShetestifiedbeforetheUSSenatetoestablishanationaldatabaseofdangerouschildabusers.PresidentBillClintonlatersigned"OprahBill"intolaw.

AButitalsolooksatthecelebrity'spresenceontheInternetandinthemedia.

BIn1991，shedidalotofworkfortheNationalChildProtectionAct

CShewasnotaverysuccessfulwoman.

DShebeganbroadcastingwhilestillathighschool.

EItplacedWinfreyatthetopofitsannualrankingofthe100peoplelastweek

FThecouplehadbeentight-lippedabouttheirbreak-up.

第6部分：完形填空（第51～65题，每题1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

StudyConfirmsRedMeatLinkwithBowed（结肠）Cancer

Peoplewhoeatmorethan160gramsofredorprocessedmeatadayare35percentmorelikelytodevelopbowelcancerthanthosewhoearless（51）20gramsaday，accordingtooneofthebiggestnutritioninvestigationsevercarriedout.

TheEuropeanProspectiveInvestigationintoCancerandNutritionfollowed478，040menandwomen（52）35to70from10Europeancountries.

Allsubjectswerefreeofcanceratenrollmentbetween1992and1998，but（53）anaveragefollow-upofalmost5years1，329bowelcancershadbeenreported.

Thesubsequentanalysis，publishedintheJournaloftheNationalCancerInstitute，confirmsthelong-heldsuspicion（54）highintakes（纳入量）ofredmeatareassociatedwithincreasedbowel（55）risk.

Aftertakingintoconsiderationfactorslikeage,sex,height,weight,energyintakephysicalactivity,smoking,andalcoholconsumption,theinvestigatorsfoundthatbowelcancerwas(56)withintakeofredandprocessedmeatbutnotchicken.

Riskofbowelcancerdroppedwithincreasingintakeoffish.Eatingmorethan80gramsadayoffishwasassociated（57）a31percentreduction