研究生同等学历串讲课件

同等学历研究生英语概述

授课人：Leon同等学历研究生英语讲座英语学习2个纲领性问题1、词法名形动副原则

2、句法黄金谓语原则（1）从句（定语从句、状语从句等）（2）非谓语（不定式、动名词、分词）

同等学历研究生英语分项概述（写作、阅读）一、写作（writing）

◆中西方语境的差异三大黄金原则

a.第一印象原则（FirstImpression）

例如：think可以替换为

reckon,assume,argue,holdb.提纲原则

1）first,second,third,last

2）firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally3）thefirst,thesecond,thethird,thelast

1）tobeginwith,then,furthermore,finally2）tostartwith,next,inaddition,finally3）firstandforemost,besides,lastbutnotleast★连词的重要性(承接\因果\转折\递进)

例:枯藤老树昏鸦

Deadvine,oldtree,darkcrowC.语言闪光点原则1).美文句式(6大句式与强悍句型)

Nothingcanbecomparedwith．．．

i)定语从句(限定性和非限定性)monkii)状语从句(时间，原因，地点，条件，让步等)iii)分词短语做定语或状语iv)强调句v)倒装句vi)省略句（注：没有把握的句子千万不要乱写）

2).分割结构

BrotherAngisanuglymanBrotherAngisamanwhoisugly.BrotherAng，whoisugly，isaman.Writingpeople,personsgoodbadmany\somealotofthinkthinggetmanybenefitsinmyopinionmoreandmorehelpfulverysbtakeinterestin/sb.beinterestedinindicate,suggest,fearwant.payattentiontorememberbeagainst,disagreewithsthforexample,forinstance1）Moreland2)BuildingsHigherandBiggerMorePeople

Malthuscalculatedthattwoparentswouldhavefourchildre.Thefourchildrenwouldmarry.Eachchildwouldhavefourchildren.Thiswouldgoonandon.Inourcountry,mostpeopleLikeboybabies.Inthisway,thepopulationwouldgrowveryrapidly.Infact,hethoughtitwoulddoubleeverytwenty-fiveyears,iffoodwasavailable.高分作文的标准：1.宏观：结构分数（5-12-5）2.微观：词法(是否多样性、具体性词语)

句法（被动句、插入语、从句等）3.美观：书写eg:Awell-balancedlifeAwell-balancedlifeisnecessarytoliveintoday’sworld.Withoutawell-balancedlifeapersoncanneitherfunctionproperlynordevelopintoawell-roundedindividual;withoutsomesortofbalanceinlifepeopletendtobeunfulfilledandunhappy.二、TraditionalReadingA、阅读思维定式(善待真题)B、词汇=阅读能力？！C、阅读的习惯(先看什么?)D、阅读的分类ReadingComprehensionMethodforReadingI.1：4：3II.阅读是点对点的出题，而不是点对面的出题。III.如何寻找题点IV.题型归类。V.如何寻找文点即十大出题点。VI.去伪存真。VII.有理有节，步步为营52.WhydoAmericansfeelhumiliated?A)TheireconomyisplungingB)Theycan’taffordtripstoEuropeC)Theircurrencyhasslumped.D)Theyhavelosthalfoftheirassets.…Theweakdollarisasourceofhumiliation(屈辱),

foranation’sself-esteemrestsinpartonthestrengthofitscurrency…53.HowdoesthecurrentdollaraffectthelifeofordinaryAmericans?A)TheyhavetocanceltheirvacationsinNewEnglandB)Theyfinditunaffordabletodineinmom-and-poprestaurantsC)Theyhavetospendmoremoneywhenbuyingimportedgoods.D)Theymightlosetheirjobsduetopotentialeconomicproblems…It’salsoapotentialeconomicproblem,sinceadecliningdollarmakesimportedfoodmoreexpensiveandexertsupwardpressureoninterestrates…54HowdomanyEuropeansfeelabouttheU.Swiththedevalueddollar?A)TheyfeelcontemptuousofitB)TheyaresympatheticwithitC)TheyregarditasasuperpoweronthedeclineD)Theythinkofitasagoodtouristdestination.…ManyEuropeansnowapparentlyviewtheU.S.thewaymanyAmericansviewMexico——asacheapplacetovacation,shopandparty…阅读代表题型一：细节题标志：以5个W，1个H提问的做题的关键：返回原文根据时间、地点、人物关键词返回通过出题顺序返回根据重点词或同义词返回明确迷惑选项的设计方式A.偷换概念b.正反混淆c.颠倒因果d.常识判断e.扩大范围关键解的思考:答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案。这些语气词有

:must,always,never,the

most

,all,merely,only,have

to,any,no,completely,none,hardly

等55.whatistheauthor’sadvicetoAmericans?A.TheytreatthedollarwithalittlerespectB.Theytrytowinintheweak-dollargambleC.Theyvacationathomeratherthanabroad.D.Theytreasuretheirmarriagesallthemore57.Whydosetheauthorsaythatparengsarethetruefightersinthecollege-admissionswars?A.TheyhavethefinalsayinwhichuniversitytheirchildrenaretoattendB.TheyknowbestwhichuniversitiesaremostsuitablefortheirchildrenC.theyhavetocarryoutintensivesurveysofcollegesbeforechildrenmakeanapplication.D.theycaremoreaboutwhichcollegetheirchildrengotothanthechildrenthemselves.二、词汇题(单词与句子)标志:

词义/句意题要求考生对词语和句子做出解释。两者都主要侧重于考查考生通过上下文去判断词义、句意的能力词义题的考查有两种：一是超纲词含义的推断，另一个是熟词生义或是在特定场合的意思。词义/句意题的题干一般含有下列标志性单词或短语：wecaninferthattheword“……”is________;或问句Accordingtothepassage，whatis“……”?

词义题干扰项特点：

1)与所考词汇形似；2)如果考的是熟词，含有常规词义的一般是错误选项；3)对句子的解释中含有过多原句中已有的词和短语的选项。4)句中一般性的词汇不会替换.5)难词不会是解--杯弓蛇影6)如果是词汇题,其前后一句中必然有其同义或反义词汇或词组.

应试技巧1)通过连接词关系如and，or等判断被考词汇含义。一般来说，and与连接的两项内容在义上是接近的或递进的，而以or连接的两项内容在含义上往往相反，但有时or后面的内容，也是对前面内容的进一步解释和说明。当然其他表递进、转折、因果等关系的信号词均可用来帮助判断词2)选项含义与被考单词在含义上肤浅相近的一般不是答案。

3)利用被考词的修饰、限定成份判断其含义。这种修饰、限定成份的表现形式多样，可以是定语、其他修饰语、特殊标点符号(如冒号、破折号、引号)后面的内容、甚至该词下属的例子及定义，可以通过这些表达从侧面理解被考单词含义。4)定冠词the+被考词汇，前句有解。◆词汇题--找词所在句子关系

1.转折关系。例如：英语很难，但是……，找转折连词But,Yet,However。

2.并列关系。例如：AandB，问A就把B内容填进去。六级中and前后一定是一致的。

3.解释关系。用because和从句inwhich等联系。例如：……Whatmightaccountforthisstrangephenomenon?Thereareafewguesses:a)certainastrologicalsignsconfersuperiorsoccerskills;b)winter-bornbabiestendtohavehigheroxygencapacity,whichincreasessoccerstamina;c)soccer-madparentsaremorelikelytoconceivechildreninspringtime,attheannualpeakofsoccermania;d)noneoftheabove…….(08)

22.Theword“mania”(Line4,Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans[A]fun.[B]craze.[C]hysteria.[D]excitement.三、主旨题A).标志:mainlyabout;themainpoint;themainideathemaintopic;thepropersubject;thebesttitle

例如：0506Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TocontemplatethephilosophyunderlyingindividualismB.Toexaminethetrendofyoungpeoplelivingalone.C.Tostresstherebuildingofpersonalrelationships.D.Toreviewtheimpactofwomenbecominghighearner.文章每段第一句话：1.Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone…2.Europe’sneweconomicclimatehaslargelyfosteredthetrendtowardindependence…3.Onceuponatime,peoplewholivedalone

tendedtobethose…4.Theboomingeconomymeanspeopleareworkingharderthanever…61.Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?GlobalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticaloneTheultimatesolutiontoglobalwarmingliesinnewtechnology.ThedebateoverglobalwarmingwillleadtotechnologicalbreakthroughsPeoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobalwarmingGlobalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcentury,…A1Gorecallsglobalwarmingan"inconvenienttruth,"…From2003to2050,theworld'spopulationisprojectedtogrowfrom

6.4billonto9.1billion,…Nogovernmentwilladoptrigidrestrictionsoneconomicgrowthand

personalfreedom…Thepracticalconductionisthatifglobalwarmingisapotential

disaster,theonlysolutionisnewtechnology.…Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomea

moralproblemwhenit'sreallyanengineeringone.…四、推理题标志：infer,imply,suggest,conclude,assume,

Key整体思路，建立推论模式。0406Wecaninfer

fromthepassagethat______A.bankswillhavetochangetheirwaysofdoingbusinessB.privacyprotectionlawswillsoonbeenforcedC.consumers’privacywillcontinuetobeinvaded.D.“freetrial”practicewilleventuallybebanned五、情感态度题36.TheauthorhadbeengiventoMr.Mays__________(0306)doubtfulB.criticalC.cautiousD.supportive25.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardthefutureofautos?(0201)enthusiasticB)optimistic.C)pessimistic.D)cautious46.Fromthetextwecanseethatthewriterseems

(2002)A)optimistic

B)sensitive.

C)gloomy

D)scared.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardhigh-techcommunicationsequipment?(0301)A)critical.B)prejudicedC)indifferent..D)positive.作者的态度题（1）情感态度题中的“三陪选项”（一）必然不会成为正确答案的中性词：①

indifferent,漠不关心的意思impassive(冷漠的);hesitation;vague;unclear②

suspicion,怀疑的意思，它的形容词是suspicious，questioned,questionable,puzzled,puzzling,gloomy;③

neutral,中立的意思，议论文的论点必须有倾向性，必须鲜明，因此不选。（二）必然不会成为正确答案的褒义词和贬义词①

sensitive,敏感的意思，这个词汇是万能选项，它的相近词汇有：concerned;②

biased,有偏见的意思，如果这个词是正确答案的话，也就是说命题者任何作者的观点是有偏见，prejudice③scared,害怕的意思，如果作者对于他自己谈论的话题很害怕他怎么会邮寄到报社去发表呢？相近词汇有afraid,fear;（三）可以成为正确答案的具有褒义色彩的中性词①objective,客观的意思，②impartial,公正的、没有偏袒的意思，解释同上。③critical,批评的意思，作者在写议论文的时候完全批评一个事物；(中性词)（四）可以成为正确答案的褒义词和贬义词②approve，同意的意思，它的反意词是：disapprove;③positive，积极的意思，它的反意词是：passive

=negative；④optimistic，乐观的意思，它的反意词是：pessimistic；情感态度题解题步骤：①

如果该对象与伦理道德观念相吻合，那么应该选择含有可以成为正确答案的褒义词的选项；比如尊师重道；②

如果该对象与伦理道德观念不相吻合，那么应该选择含有可以成为正确答案的贬义词的选项；比如作奸犯科；③

如果该对象与伦理道德观念没有关系，那么一般应该选择可以成为正确答案的褒义词；比如经济的增长或衰弱；④

如果该对象与伦理道德的的关系还没有形成定论，那么应该选择可以成为正确答案的具有褒义色彩的中性词；▼白痴题32.Itisnotadvisabletousethegeneral,all-coveringapologybecause______.A)itgetsoneintothehabitofmakingemptypromisesB)itmaymaketheotherpersonfeelguiltyC)itisvagueandineffectiveD)itishurtfulandinsulting48.InJapan’spreschooleducation,thefocusison__.A)preparingchildrenacademicallyB)developingchildren’sartisticinterestsC)tappingchildren’spotentialD)shapi