经贸英语文章选读UNIT 7 International Trade

UNIT7

InternationalTrade

CONTENTS

TeachingAims

TextA12TextB3

SupplementingReading41TEACHINGAIMSAfterstudyingthisunit,youare

requiredtoHaveageneralideaofthereasonswhyinternationaltradetakesplace.2.Understand

thethreemostimportantcategoriesinanation’sbalanceofpayments.

3.Haveageneralideaofwhat

LawofComparativeCostsmeans.4.Masterthedifficultwordsandexpressions.

TextA

AnIntroductiontoInternationalTradePreviewquestionsInyouropinion,whydonationsexchangegoods?Istheseanyotherkindoftradeexcepttheimportandexportofgoodsandmerchandise

?Whatbenefitscanforeigninvestmentbringtothelocaleconomy?TEXTAReadingComprehension

Readthefollowingsentencesanddecidewhethertheyaretrue〔T)orfalse〔F)．1.TheUnitedStatesisamajorconsumerofwheat,yetitdoesnothavetheclimatetogrowanyofitsown.()2.Thefirstreasonwhytheexchangeofgoodsbetweennationstakesplaceisthatnonationhasallofthecommoditiesthatitneeds.()3.TheUnitedStatesproducesmoreautomobilesthananyothercountry,soithasnoneedtoimportlargequantitiesofautosfromothercountries.()FFT

4.Whencountriesimportmorethantheyexport,anunfavorablebalanceoftradeexists.(

)5.Thedifferentkindsoftradenationsengageinarevariedandcomplex,amixtureofvisibleandinvisibletrade.()

TTTEXTAReadingComprehension

TEXTANotes

Guatemala(危地马拉)

isacountryinCentralAmericaborderedbyMexicotothenorthandwest,thePacificOceantothesouthwest,Belizetothenortheast,theCaribbeantotheeast,andHondurasandElSalvadortothesoutheast.Itsareais108,890

km²(42,043

mi²)withanestimatedpopulationof13,276,517.

TEXTANewWordsandExpressions:

1.cavemann.〔史前石器时代的〕穴居人；野人Economicactivity

beganwiththecaveman,whowaseconomicallyself-sufficient.经济活动始于自给自足的穴居人。2.surplusn.剩余；顺差；盈余；过剩Idenythat"surplusvalueisthesourceofprofit"inanyusefulsense.在任何有用的意义上，我都否认“剩余价值是利润的源泉〞。

TEXTANewWordsandExpressions:

3.utilizevt.利用Toavoidanoilshortage,moremachinesshouldutilizesolarenergy.为防止石油短缺，更多的机器应当利用太阳能。4.plantn.工厂，车间Wouldyouliketoseethevideointroducingourplant?你们要看介绍我们工厂情况的录像片吗？

TEXTANewWordsandExpressions:

5.

bartern.物物交换；实物交易Thesoldiersbarteredforfurswithrifles.士兵们以步枪交换毛皮。6.scattervi.分散，散开；散射Smallvillagesscatteratthefootofthemountain.村庄零零落落地散布在山脚下。

TEXTANewWordsandExpressions:

7.depositn.矿床,矿藏;沉淀物Theresultsshowthatthedepositcanbeexploitedaftertakingsomemeasures.结果说明：采取一定的措施后，排尾后下部矿体可以回采。8.domesticallyadv.国内地；家庭式地Importsaregoodsandservicesthatareproducedabroadandsolddomestically.进口是在国外生产的但在国内销售的商品与效劳。

TEXTANewWordsandExpressions:

9.merchandisen.商品；货物Wecansupplyanyreasonablequantityofthismerchandise.对彼商品，我们能供给任何适当的数量。10.vulnerableadj.易受攻击的，易受…的攻击；易受伤害的Vulnerablegroupsexistineverysociety.任何社会都存在弱势群体。

TEXTAAssignment

1.FinishtherestofexercisesofTextA

2.PreviewTextB

TextB

TheAdvantagesofInternationalTradePreviewquestionsWhat’sthebeginningofspecialization?WhatdoesLawofComparativeCostsmean?TEXTBReadingComprehension

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.

1.Inhisoriginalstate,manwasself-sufficient,providingfood,shelterandclothing,simplethoughitwas,forhisfamily.人类在原始状态时，自给自足，供养家庭相对简单的吃、穿、住。

2.Ifcountriesspecializeintheproductionofthosegoodsinwhichtheyhaveeitherarelativeorabsoluteadvantage,everyonestandstogain.如果各国专门生产那些他们具有相对优势或绝对优势的产品，大家都可能获利。TEXTBReadingComprehension

3.Favorablesourcesallowanationtoproduceapieceofgoodswithlesslaborthananationnotasfavorablysituated.有利的资源能使一个有地理优势的国家以更少的劳动力来生产同一种货物。TEXTBReadingComprehension

4.CanadahasanabsoluteadvantageoverNicaraguainthecultivationofwheatbutanabsolutedisadvantageinthecultivationofbananas.与尼加拉瓜相比，加拿大在小麦生产方面有绝对的优势，而在香蕉生产方面那么是绝对的劣势。TEXTBReadingComprehension

5.Inthisrespect,anationbehavesnodifferentlyfromanindividualwhodoesnotattempttoproduceallthecommoditieswhenhecanproduceonecommoditymostefficientlyandthenexchangespartofhisoutputfortheothercommoditiesheneedsorwants.在这种意义上，国家跟个人是一样的，当一个个体可以最有效率的生产某一种产品，并拿他的劳动成果换取他所需要或渴望的其他产品时，他不愿意生产所有的产品。TEXTBReadingComprehension

TEXTBNotes

AdamSmithwasaScottishmoralphilosopherandapioneerofpoliticaleconomics.OneofthekeyfiguresoftheScottishEnlightenment,SmithistheauthorofTheTheoryofMoralSentimentsandAnInquiryintotheNatureandCausesoftheWealthofNations.Thelatter,usuallyabbreviatedasTheWealthofNations,isconsideredhismagnumopusandthefirstmodernworkofeconomics.Smithiswidelycitedasthefatherofmoderneconomicsandcapitalism.

TEXTBNewWordsandExpressions:

1.atfirstsight

乍一看，初见Sheisagirl(whom)peoplelikeatfirstsight.

她是一个人人们一见就喜欢的姑娘。

2.proficientadj.熟练的，精通的

StudentsmustbeproficientinEnglish.学生必须精通英语。

TEXTBNewWordsandExpressions:

3.specializationn.专门化，专业化

Teachers'specializationisalong-term,continuousanddynamicprocess.教师专业成长是一个长期、连续、动态的过程。

4.availabilityn.可用性；有效性；实用性

Ticketavailabilityisthebiggestproblem.买不到球票是最大的问题。

TEXTBNewWordsandExpressions:

5.withtheadventof随着……到来Withtheadventoftheinternet,somenewcareersgraduallyevolve.随着互联网的出现，渐渐开展出一些新职业。

6.cruxn.关键；难题Thisisthecruxofthematter.这就是问题的关键所在。

TEXTBNewWordsandExpressions:

7.outputn.输出，输出量；产量；出产Outputshouldtriplebynextyear.到明年产量应增至三倍。8.prospervi.繁荣，兴盛；成功Maythegodsprosperourcity!愿神灵保佑我们的城市繁荣!

TEXTBNewWordsandExpressions:

9.

sacrificen.牺牲，奉献Ithankfoodsfortheirsacrificetous.我感谢食物，它们为我牺牲了生命。10.revealvt.显示；透露Ishouldbegladtogiveyouanyhelpifyourevealyourthoughtstome.如果你把你的想法透露给我，我愿意尽全力帮助你。