7大型养路机械常见故障处理7.4常见故障诊断及维修3Common-fault-treatment-of-large-scale-maintenance-machinery-7

RAILWAYSECTORDiagnosisandmaintenanceofcommonfaultsCONTENTSThefailureoftheengineoftheballastcarwithlargevibrationAnalysisofthefailureoftheoperatinggearoftheballastcarThefailureoftheengineoftheballastcarwithlargevibration1.FailurephenomenonTheenginevibratedalot,andthepalmofthehandwasplacedattheexhaustport(whenitwasfirststartedtowork)andfeltnumb,andfinallydevelopedtothephenomenonthattheanchorboltsoftheenginewereshakenoff.Thefailureoftheengineoftheballastcarwithlargevibration2.FailureanalysisUndernormalcircumstances,thereshouldbealmostnovibrationwhentheengineisworking.Thereasonforthevibrationisthatthepowerbalanceoftheengineisdestroyed.ThefailureoftheengineoftheballastcarwithlargevibrationThereasonsforthedestructionofthedynamicbalanceare:(1)Theenginebearingbushiswornorthecrankshaftisdeformed,andtheengineoutputtransmissionpart(coupling)isdeformed;resultinginunevenswingofthepoweroutput;(2)Theengineisnotconcentricwiththeoutputdriveshaftandtransfercase,resultingintheinabilitytotransmitpoweratauniformspeed.Sincetheengineusedinthiscarwasjustreturnedtothefactoryforoverhaul,itisbelievedthattherewillbenoproblemswiththeengine.Focusoncheckingtheparallelismoftheengineinstallationandthecoaxialitywiththetransfercase.Thefailureoftheengineoftheballastcarwithlargevibration3.ThecauseofthefailureTheenginecouplingisdeformed.Thefailureoftheengineoftheballastcarwithlargevibration4.TroubleshootingTherefore,wefocusedoncheckingthebalanceoftheengineinstallation,andfoundthatonefootisabout10mmawayfromtheotherfeet,andthecoaxialityisabout3mmaway,foron-sitetreatment.Afterthetestrun,thevibrationhardlychanged.Itwasaccidentallyfoundthatthetrajectoryofthetransmissionshaftbetweentheengineandthetransfercasewaselliptical.Thetrajectoryoftheengineflangewasstillellipticalwhenthetransmissionshaftwasremoved.Therefore,itwasconcludedthatthecouplingwasdeformed.Replacethecouplingandthevibrationdisappeared.ThefailureoftheengineoftheballastcarwithlargevibrationSummary:Sincethepowertransmissionofthisengineusesauniversaljointshaftforpowertransmission,practicehasprovedthatsomecoaxialityerrorsintheinstallationoftheengineandsomenon-parallelinstallationofthebasecanbeeffectivelyeliminated,andmostofthefaultsthatproducelargevibrationsoccur.Ontheaginganddeformedcoupling.Thefailureoftheengineoftheballastcarwithlargevibration5.Failureanalysisflowchart:ThefailureoftheengineoftheballastcarwithlargevibrationAnalysisofthefailureoftheoperatinggearoftheballastcar1.FailurephenomenonAfterfinishingthework,itwasfoundthatthelow-speedgearcouldnotbedisengaged,butthehigh-speedgearcouldbeengaged,butthecarstillcouldn'tmove.Thephenomenonwaslikethegearboxgearsarestaggeredandlocked.Analysisofthefailureoftheoperatinggearoftheballastcar车轴齿轮箱受损的齿轮2.FailureanalysisThereareseveralreasonswhythelow-speedgearcannotbedisengaged:(1)Thegearsaremeshedandseized;(2)Theoff-gearvalveisbroken;(3)Theout-of-gearcircuitisfaulty;(4)Thehigh-low-speedswitchingoilvalveisbroken,whichmakestheoff-gearoilcircuitnotsmoothanddoesnotformaloop.Analysisofthefailureoftheoperatinggearoftheballastcar3.ThecauseofthefailureRefertothedrawingSPZ200-17-01-05A(theprinciplediagramofthetravelingsystem).Thespoolofthehigh-andlow-speedswitchingvalve1S2isstuck,sothatevenifthelow-speedgearshiftvalve1S4isactivated,theshiftingoilcircuitisnotsmooth,causingtheshiftpositiontonotbeopened.AnalysisofthefailureoftheoperatinggearoftheballastcarFigure1Diagramofpowertransmissionsystem1—adieselengine;2—universaldriveshaft;34—gearpump;5—transfergearbox;6—hydraulicpump;7—hydraulicmotor;8—axlegearbox;9—speedcontrollever4.TroubleshootingEmergencytreatment:disassemblethegearcylinderoilpipesofthe1stand2ndaxisworkinggear,andusethespringinthegearshiftcylinde