大型养路机械常见故障处理DCL捣固车故障处理Commontroubleshootingoflargescaleroadmaintenancemachinery

RAILWAYSECTORTreatmentofcommonfaultsoftampingtruckCONTENTSDieselenginefailureFailurecase:

DieselenginecannotbestartedDieselenginefailure(1)LowambienttemperatureWhentheambienttemperatureislowerthan15°C,flameglowplugsshouldbeusedtopreheattheintakepipe.Whenthetemperatureisbelow-35℃,othermeasuresmustbetakentowarmuptheengine.(2)StarterfailureThestarterconnectionislooseorcorroded.Thestartersolenoidvalveorcarbonbrushfailed.(3)Engineoilandexcessive(4)Thebattery,thecapacityistoosmallornotcharged1.Difficultystartingtheengine(5)FailureofpreheatingdeviceTheglowplugoilcircuitisblockedorthereisnovoltageonthesolenoidvalve.Theflameglowplugisdamaged.(6)Fuelsystemfailure①Thereisnooilinthefueltank.②Thereisairinthefuelsystemortheoilcircuitisblocked.1.Difficultystartingtheengine③Thefuelpressureistoolow.Atthistime,checkwhethertheoverflowvalvefunctioniseffective.IfitisnotthefaultofMiLiukuo,thelow-pressureoiltransferpumpmustbechecked,suchaswhetherthesealingringoftheoilfilterisintact,whetherthesuctionsleevevalveortheoilpressurevalveisdamaged,whetherthepistonspringisbroken,whetherthepistonisflexible,etc.④Thefuelcontrolsystemisrusty,cardissuance,etc.1.Difficultystartingtheengine⑤Thestart-upthickeningsolenoidontheboostpressuresmokelimiterisdamaged,sothattheadjustinggearrodislockedandcannotenterthestart-upthickeningposition.⑥Thefuelinjectorisdamagedortheadjustmentpadisincorrectlyselected.⑦Theadvanceangleofthefuelinjectionpumpisincorrect,orthefuelsupplyadvancerisdamaged,thepartsofthefuelpumpareworn,andthefueldeliveryvalveisnotsealed.1.Difficultystartingtheengine(7)FailureofgassupplysystemThevalveclearanceiswrong.Thecompressionpressureistoolow.Atthistime,checkthevalveclearance,thewearofthevalve,pistonringandcylinderliner.1.Difficultystartingtheengine(1)Thecoolingsystemisreleased①Thedustandoilontheheatsinkaretoothick.②Thecoolingairguideplateisnotsealedorthetopcoverofthewindpressurechamberisnotsealed,whichmakesthecylinderblockunevenlycooledorinsufficientlycooled.③Thepowerofthecoolingfanisinsufficientortheairpathisnotsmooth,whichreducestheefficiencyofthefan.④Thegapbetweentheballwidthandtheguidepistonintheexhaustthermostatistoolarge,causingtheballvalvetoopentoolate.⑤Thetemperaturesensororthermometerismalfunctioning.2.Theenginetemperatureistoohigh(2)Failureofgassupplysystem①Theairstarterisdirtyorthemaintenanceindicatorisdamaged.②Dirtyintercoolerandpoorheatdissipation.③Superchargerfailure:Thecompressorendoftheturbochargerisdirty,whichcancausetheenginetooverheat.Atthistime,theturbochargermustbecleaned.Forotherfailuresoftheturbocharger,inspectionandmaintenanceshouldbecarriedoutinaccordancewiththerequirementsoftheFactoryOverhaulManual.④Theexhaustpassageisnotsmooth.2.Theenginetemperatureistoohigh(3)Fuelsystemfailure①Damagedfuelinjector,wrongfuelsupplyadvanceangle,malfunctionoffuelsupplyadvancer,etc.cancausetheenginetemperaturetobetoohigh.②Thefuelinjectionquantitydoesnotmatchtheintakeairquantity,whichcanalsocausetheenginetemperaturetobetoohigh.2.Theenginetemperatureistoohigh(4)Highoiltemperature①Thecoolingairdeflectorfails,causingtheoilradiatortofail.②Theoilradiatorisdirtyandtheoilcoolingispoor.③Theoillevelistoohigh,thecrankshaftdoesworkontheoilortheoillevelistoolow,whichspeedsuptheoilcirculation.④Thetemperaturecontrolvalveintheoilradiatorisdamagedortheoiltemperaturesensorisdamaged.2.Theenginetemperatureistoohigh(1)Thereistoomuchlubricatingoil,andthecrankshaftisdoingworkintheenginepark.(2)Governorfailure:①Theengineparkingleverisnotintheworkingposition.②Thefuelingrodcannotreachthepositionofthehigh-speedlimitscrew,andtheenginecannotreachtheratedspeed.Forthisreason,theflexibleshaftshouldbemovedflexiblyorthespeedcontrolcrankshouldbereadjusted.3.Insufficientenginepower(3)Theintakeairtemperatureistoohighandtheintakeairvolumeisinsufficient.(4)Theinletandexhaustpipesarenotsealed.(5)Theturbochargermalfunctionsortheturbochargercompressoriscontaminated.(6)Thechargeaircoolerispollutedandthechargeairtemperatureistoohigh.(7)Thesmokelimiterismalfunctioning.3.Insufficientenginepower(8)Theexhaustpipeisblockedandtheexhaustbrakevalveisdamaged,whichincreasestheexhaustpressureandcausespowerloss.(9)Insufficientfuelsupplyorlowpressure,etc.(10)Thefueltemperatureistoohigh.(11)Thevalveclearanceistoolargeortoosmall,orthecylinderleakstomaketheaircompressionpressurelow.(12)Thefuelsupplyadvanceangleisincorrectorthefuelsupplyadvancerisdamaged.3.Insufficientenginepower(1)Theoilpressureistoolow①Aftertheengineisstartedincoldstate,itacceleratestotheratedspeedwithoutwarminguptheengine,sothattheoillevelandpressurearelowered.②Theoillevelistoolow.③Improperdegreeofengineoilorpoorquality.④Theengineoilhasbeenusedfortoolongandtheengineoilistoodirty,contaminatingtheentireenginelubricationsystem.4.Lowengineoilpressureorhighoilconsumption⑤Theoilpipelineisnotunblocked,suchastheoilfilterelementisblocked,themodelisincorrect,andtheoilleaks.⑥Theoilpressuresensorisdamagedortheoilpressuregaugeisnotworkingproperly.⑦Theoilpumpisnotworkingproperly,suchastheoilpumpisworn,theoilsuctionfilterisdirty,theconnectingpipeortheoilsuctionpipeisnotsealed,andtheoilpumpisnotsealedinonedirection.⑧Crankshaftmainbearingandconnectingrodbearingareworn.4.Lowengineoilpressureorhighoilconsumption(2)Engineoilconsumptionistoohigh①Poorrunning-inofnewengineorengineafternewoverhaul.②Theenginehasbeenworkingunderlowloadforalongtime.③Theoillevelistoohigh,causingtoomuchoiltobethrownonthesurfaceofthecylinderandcannotbescrapedoff,whichisconsumedbycombustion.④Improperengineoilorpoorquality.4.Lowengineoilpressureorhighoilconsumption⑤Theengineisleakingduetopoorsealing.⑥Thegapbetweenthepistonandthepistonringistoolarge,ortheoilscrapingeffectofthepistonringisnotgood,andtheoilfleesintothecombustionchambertoburn(theengineoftenemitsbluesmokeatthistime).⑦Thetiltpositionoftheengineistoolarge.⑧Thecrankcasebreatherisdamaged,andtheoilmistissuckedawayuncontrollably.4.LowengineoilpressureorhighoilconsumptionFailurecase:DieselenginecannotbestartedGenerallydividedintooilcircuitfailureandcircuitfailure.Commoncausesofoilcircuitfailuresincludehandoilpumpwallplugs,oilcircuitleaks,anddieselfilterblockage.Thecommoncausesofcircuitfailureincludethestartingmotornotrotating,stoppingtheelectromagneticalarmnotworking,andthel3ReirelayintheB13boxisdamaged.1.Reasonanalysis(1)Pullthestartswitch,thestartermotordoesnotrotate,andcheckfromeasytodifficultonebyone:①Theoperationpowerswitchshouldbeintheoffposition;②DisengagetheZFgearposition;③Theemergencystopbuttonshouldbeinthejumpposition;④OpentheB13boxtocheckthatthe13e27insuranceshouldnotjump;⑤Replacethe13dlrelay;⑥Thestartingmotorisfaultyandreplaced.2.Emergencymeasures(2)Pullthestartswitchtostartthemotor,butthediesel