湖南2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题及答案

湖南2023年上学期高一期末测试卷英语（答案在最后）时量：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWHATISSCIENCEGAMES?Withafocusoncollaboration,connection,discovery,andfun,studentsinBritishColumbiawillhaveanopportunitytoparticipateina3-weeksciencejourneyinJuly2023!AtScienceGames,studentsfromGrades1-6acrossBCexploresciencefirst-handinanonlinegroupledbyengineersandgeoscientists.Thisinteractiveeventhostedonlinegivesstudentsthechancetoinvestigatethewaysscienceaffectstheireverydaylives.Divingdeepintotheworldofinnovation,participantswillconnectwithotherlike-mindedstudentsandworktogetheronlinetocreatetheirownsolutionsduringeachSaturdayactivitysession.2023VIRTUALPROGRAMSCHEDULEDateDivision1(Grades1–3)Division2(Grades4–6)July15,20239:00AM–11:00AM2:00PM–5:00PMJuly22,20239:00AM–11:00AM2:00PM–5:00PMJuly29,20239:00AM–11:00AM2:00PM–5:00PM2023SCIENCEGAMESREGISTRATIONToparticipateinthesesessions,yourchildmustbesignedupasa2023ScienceGamesparticipantandpaya$25registrationfee.Ifthereisafinancialbarriertoyourparticipationinthe2023ScienceGames,youcanapplyforascholarshipforareducedrate.TheonlineScienceGamesBursaryapplicationformwillbeavailablewhenregistrationlaunches.Parents/Guardianscanregistertheirchild/childrenas:·IndividualParticipants·GroupParticipantsPleasenote:Youcangroupregistrationswithagroupcode,butyoucanonlyshareyourcodewith2otherScienceGamesparticipants.ScienceGamesparticipantswillalsoreceiveapackagefromEngineersandGeoscientistsBCattheendofJune.ThispackageincludesitemsthatarenecessaryforparticipationinaparticularScienceGamesactivity.Haveanyotherquestionsabout2023ScienceGames?Emailusatsciencegames@egbc.ca.21.WhatistheadvantageofScienceGames? A.ItorganizesanactivitysessiononSunday. B.ItwelcomesstudentsacrosstheBritain. C.Itprovidesservicewithoutfees. D.Itallowsstudentstoparticipateathome.22.WhichparticipantswillhavetheirsessionsintheafternoononJuly15,2023? A.StudentswhoareunderGrade3. B.StudentswhoareatGrade5. C.StudentswhomajorinScience. D.Thescheduledoesnotspecifythetimeforthatday.23.Whatcanbeinferredfromthearticle? A.Eachsessionofthevirtualprogramwilllasttwohours. B.Studentswillconducthands-onexperimentswithscientists. C.Parentsneedtoprepareactivitymaterialsfortheirchildren. D.Eachregistrationgroupcanhavenomorethan3participants.BForthosewhoaredeaforhavehearingloss,makingandenjoyingmusiccanbeachallenge.However,thathasn’tstoppedDameEvelynGlenniefromachievingsuccess.Scottish-bornDameEvelynGlennieisoneoftheworld’smostrecognizedpercussionists(打击乐器乐手).However,shestartedgoingdeafattheageofeightduetoanervedisease.At12,shetotallylostherhearing.Atfirst,Glenniewasdesperate.Butherpercussionteacheratschooltaughthertofeelparticularnotes.Forexample,shehadtoplaceherhandsonawall,andhewouldplaytwonotesontwotimpani.Hewouldthenaskherwhichwasthehighernoteandwhereshefeltthevibration(振动).Throughtrialsanderrors,shemanagedtodistinguishthepitch(音调)ofnotesbyassociatingwhereonherbodyshefeelsthesound.Thankstoherperfectpitchandthefactthatsheperformsbarefoot,Evelyn“hears”thesound.Togetherwithherlip-readingskills,andamazingmusicianship,shehasconqueredeverytroubleandinconveniencecausedbyherimpairment.Tillnow,Glenniehasperformedwithalmostallthemajororchestras(管弦乐队)globally.Besidesclassicalmusic,sheisfamousforpartnershipswithpopandrockartistslikeStingandBjork.Glennie’sworkshaveearnedherover100musicawards,includingtwoGrammys.Sheevenled1,000drummersintheopeningceremonyoftheLondon2012OlympicGames.Attheageof58thisyear,Glennie’smissionnowisto“teachtheworldtolisten”,toimprovecommunicationbyencouragingeveryonetodiscoveranewwayoflistening.“It’simportanttograbontoanyopportunitythatcomesyourway,butyoualsoneedtocreateyourownopportunities,”saysEvelyn.“It’sapersonaltimetoreflectontheimpactyoumighthaveonotherpeopleaswell.Idon’tknowifageplaysapartinit,becauseIfeelasthoughIhaven’treallyachievedverymuchandthere’sstillsomuchtodo!”24.HowcouldGlennieidentifydifferentnotesasadeafperson? A.Byreadingherteacher’slips. B.Byputtingherhandsonawall. C.Byapplyingheramazingmusicianship. D.Byfeelingthevibrationthroughherbody.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impairment”inparagraph3mean? A.Abnormality. B.Sorrow. C.Mismatch. D.Fear.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGlennie’scharacter? A.Faithfulandtolerant. B.Determinedandkind. C.Cheerfulandpractical. D.Considerateanddutiful.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext? A.ADeafMusicianHeardbytheWorld B.ADreamPursuedbyEvelynGlennie C.EvelynGlennie:TeachtheWorldtoListen D.TalentedPercussionist:Say“No”toAgeCWhenpreparingfruitandvegetables,manypeoplewillpeel(削皮)them.Butoften,it’snotnecessary.Fruitandvegetablesarerichsourcesofnutritionlikevitamins.Notconsumingenoughofthesenutrient-richfoodsislinkedtoanincreasedriskofdiseases.Eating400goffruitandvegetablesaday,astheWHOrecommends,isdifficulttoachieveformanypeople.Socouldconsumingfruitandvegetablepeelshelpwiththisissuebyaddingimportantnutrientstopeople’sdiets?Theycancertainlycontribute.Forexample,nutritionallyimportantamountsofvitaminsandmineralsarefoundinthepeelsofsevenrootvegetables:beetroot,fieldmustard,wildcarrot,sweetpotato,radish,gingerandwhitepotato.AndtheUSDepartmentofAgricultureshowsthatunpeeledapplescontain15%morevitaminC,267%morevitaminK,20%morecalciumand85%morefibrethanpeeledapples.Anotherreasonistheeffectontheenvironment.AccordingtotheUN’sFoodandAgricultureOrganization,uneatenfood,includingpeels,generates8%-10%oftheworld’sgreenhousegasemissions.NewZealandalonereportsanannualwastageof13,658tonnesofvegetablepeelsand986tonnesoffruitpeels.Giventhenutrientcontentofpeelsanditscontributiontofoodwaste,whydopeoplepeelfruitandvegetablesatall?Somemustbepeeledastheouterpartsdon’ttastenice,arehardtocleanorcauseharm.Also,peelingmaybeanecessarypartoftherecipe,forexample,whenmakingmashedpotato.Butmanypeels,suchascarrotandkiwifruit,aresuitabletobeeaten,yetpeoplehabituallypeelthemanyway.Somepeoplepeelfruitandvegbecausetheyareconcernedaboutpesticides(杀虫剂)onthesurface.Ifyouwanttofindoutmoreaboutfruitandvegetablepeelsandwhattodowithit,thereislotsofadviceonlineincludinghelponhowtodealwithpeels.Withalittleinvestigationandcreativity,youcanhelptoreducewasteandincreaseyoufruitandvegetablesintake.28.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom? A.Acookingguidebook. B.Alifemagazine. C.Aposteraboutenvironment. D.Anadaboutahealthwebsite.29.Howcaneatingfruitandvegetablepeelsbenefitpeople’shealth? A.Noteatingthepeelswillleadtohigherrisksofsomediseases. B.Somesignificantvitaminsandmineralsareonlyfoundinpeels. C.Eatingpeelscanincreasepeople’sintakeofimportantnutrients. D.Peelshavemorenutrientsthanfruitandvegetables’innerparts.30.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningNewZealand? A.Tohighlighttheseriousfoodprobleminthecountry. B.Todrawourattentiontogreenhousegasemissions. C.TocallonNewZealandersnottothrowawaypeels. D.Toshowpeels’negativeimpactontheenvironment.31.Whydosomanypeoplepeelcarrots? A.Becausesomerecipestellthemtodoso. B.Becausetheouterpartsarehardtoclean. C.Becausethereexiststoomuchpesticides. D.Becausethey’reusedtopeelingvegetables.DWorkingoutfor30minuteseveryday“mightnotbeenough”tocounterthehealthissuescreatedbylongtimesitting,accordingtoasweepingnewstudy.Thenewstudy,unlikethepastonesthatexaminedsittingandformalexerciseseparately,ignoringlightactivities,involved3,702peopletofindouthowthoseallaffectedpeople’shealthindices(指数).Withthedatacollected,researcherscharacterizedpeoplebyhowtheymoved.Thefirstgroupdutifullyexercisedforahalf-hourandthensat,almostnonstop,formorethan10hoursaday.Anothergroupsimilarlyworkedoutfor30minutesandsatforlonghours.But,inbetween,theyroseoftenandtookwalksaround,spendingtimeinlightactivitieslikefetchinganothercupofcoffee.Thethirdgroupsat,uninterrupted,forupto10hours,butalsocollectedanhourofexercisemostdays.Thefinalgroup,whichtheresearchersnamed“themovers”,exercisedaboutanhourmostdays,whilealsomovinglightlyforabouttwohoursmore.Whentheresearcherscross-checkedthesegroupsagainstpeople’scurrenthealthdata,thefirstgrouphadtheworstindices.Onthecontrary,theothergroupswereallbetteroffandtoaboutthesameextent,withrelativelyimprovedbloodsugarcontrolandcholesterol(胆固醇)levelsandabout8percentlessbodyfatthanthefirstgroup.“Asingle30-minute,dailyworkout‘mightnotbeenough’toreducethedownsidesoflongtimesitting,”saidVahidFarrahi,theleadauthorofthenewstudy.“Inadditiontoabrisk(轻快的)workout,weneedtomovelightlyandoften,cleaning,takingthestairs,takingawalkinthehallsorjustnotremainingstill.”32.Howisthenewstudydifferentfromthepreviousones? A.Itexaminedsittingandexerciseseparately. B.Itprovedthatlightactivitieswereignored. C.Ittooklightactivitiesintoconsideration. D.Itsuggestedworkingoutforahalf-hour.33.Whatdoweknowfromthedatainthenewstudy? A.Thefirstgroupspentahalf-houronlightactivitiesafterlongsitting. B.Thesecondgroupgotsimilarimprovedhealthindicesasthemovers. C.Thethirdgroupcollectedanhour’sexerciseduring10hours’sitting. D.Themoversgotupevery30minutesforformalexerciseforanhour.34.Whatlightactivityissuggestedtogowithformalexercise? A.Readingwhilesitting. B.Swimminginthepool. C.Workingoutinthegym. D.Walkinginthegymhall.35.WhatcanweinferfromVahid’swords? A.It’sbettertoexercisemoreoftenthanhalfanhoureveryday. B.Movinglightlyandoftenismoreusefulthanwehavethought. C.Workingoutharderandlongerisbetterthanjustmovinglightly. D.A30-minuteworkouthaslittlehelpforlongtimesittingproblems.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Formostpeople,hearingthewords“dinnerisonthetable”bringsbackmemoriesofhome-cookedmealssharedwithfamily.____36____However,“Dinnertime”wasoncedifferentandhasexperiencedaseriesofevolutions.Familiesdidn’teattogetherintheeveningbeforethe1700s.Familymemberswouldeatinshifts,settingupasmalltableoutside,orbythefireplace.Incolonial(殖民的)times,theMiddaymeal—“dinner”—wasthelargestone,while“supper”wasasmallereveningmeal.ThatchangedduringtheIndustrialRevolution.____37____Laborersbegantoeataquick,lightermealatmidday,movingdinnertotheendofthedayasthemainfamilymeal.Forfamiliesofallsocioeconomiclevelseveningautomaticallybecamethetimewheneveryonewouldbebackathometogether.____38____Atpresent,flexiblelifestyles,changingpatternsofwork-lifebalancehaveledtotheappearanceofanewkindoffamilydinner.____39____Afewclicksonthephonecanbringpeoplewhatevertheirheartorstomachdesires—Caribbean,Japanese,Italianandeveryothercountry’scuisine.Thismakessensegiventhevariousdiningpreferencesofthenewestagegroup.____40____Regardlessofwhocooksthefood,whereit’seaten,andwhoyou’reeatingwith,thenightlytraditionofsharingamealwhileconnectingwithlovedonesalwaysstandsstrong.A.Peoplebegantoworkoutsideofthehome.B.Familydinnersarenotalwaysthisflexible.C.There’sneverbeensomuchvarietyfordinner.D.Despitethechanges,thecentralconceptremains.E.It’samagicalphraserepresentingawarmtimeatsunset.F.Dinnertimestartedtobeanimportantoccasion.G.Dinnertimeservedasasymbolofsafety.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Oneevening,PaulO’SullivanfeltboredinhisBaltimoreapartment.SohegotontoFacebooktofindoutjusthowmanyothersonthesocialnetwork41hisname.Momentslater,dozensofPaulO’Sullivansfromaroundtheworldfilledhis42.Thethen-27-year-oldemployeesentfriendrequeststothemall.ManyofhisfellowPaulO’Sullivans43him,butafewfelttoocuriousto44hisinvitation.PaulO’SullivanfromRotterdamintheNetherlandssays,“Myfirst45was‘Whoisthisguyandwhatdoeshewantfromme?’SoIthoughtaboutitforawhile.”Ultimately,hecouldn’tresistthe____46____friendrequest.AsBaltimorePaulscrolledthroughtheprofilesofthePaulO’Sullivanswhoacceptedhisinvitation,henoticedsomethingfourofthemhaveincommon:Theywereall47.Wouldn’titbefunnyifthey48abandcalledThePaulO’Sullivans?TheotherPaulsall49andtheycreatedasortofmusicalassemblyline.InMarch,theyputontheirfirstsongabout50relationships.Whenpeoplearefacingbigpressurefromworkorlife,writingasongwithsomeoneacrosstheoceanmadethemfeelless51.Butjustmonthslater,BaltimorePaulbeganexperiencinghealthissuesthat52himtotaketimeofffrommakingmusic.TomakesureBaltimorePaulneverfeltalone,53withthemilesbetweenthem,theotherPaulssharedfamilypictures,chattedliveonInstagram,andcheckedinonBaltimorePaulandononeanother.“Whataretheodds(几率),”saysBaltimorePaul,“thatarandomFacebook54wouldleadnotonlytonewmusicbutto55aswell?Somethingsarejustmeanttobe.”41.A.shared B.called C.mentioned D.liked42.A.mind B.screen C.apartment D.time43.A.ignored B.tricked C.greeted D.praised44.A.makeout B.passup C.askfor D.applyfor45.A.measure B.innovation C.reaction D.emotion46.A.ordinary B.unusual C.precious D.formal47.A.writers B.employees C.musicians D.workers48.A.observed B.maintained C.explored D.formed49.A.reflected B.aided C.agreed D.gathered50.A.remote B.cheap C.disappointing D.strange51.A.confused B.addicted C.injured D.trapped52.A.reminded B.forced C.taught D.allowed53.A.still B.only C.even D.just54.A.request B.page C.account D.user55.A.business B.success C.fame D.friendship第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AThetwosoonbecamegreatfriendsandbeforegoingtheirseparateways,theyagreedtomeetattheMid-AutumnFestivalthenextyear.However,ZhongZiqifailedtoshow____56____onthatday.WhenBoyalearntaboutZhongZiqi’sdeath,he____57____(overcome)withsorrow.HeplayedHighMountainsandFlowingWaterinfrontofZhongZiqi’sgrave.Afterhefinishedplayingthepiece,hedestroyedtheqinandsaid,“Sincetheonlypersonthatunderstandsmymusicisgone,it’snouse____58____(keep)theqin.”BWhenthetwolovers,LiangShanboandZhuYingtai,firstmeet,themusicislightandpleasant,asifwhisperingtotheaudience.____59____isfollowedbyafastandcheerfulsectionwhichrepresentstheirthreehappyyearsofschool.Thenthemusicgetsdramaticwithheaviernotesandthatis____60____theloversareseparatedbecauseZhu’sfatherforcesher____61____(marry)anotherman.Angryandsad,Liangfallssickanddies.Zhuweepsbitterlyoverthe____62____(lose)ofherlove.CSymphonyNo.9wasBeethoven’slastmajorpieceofmusicinavastbodyofworks____63____(write)throughouthisremarkablelife.As____64____giftedchild,Beethovenwaspushedtostudymusicdayandnightbyhisfather.Notlongafter,hebegantobeappreciatedforhispianoperformances.Bythetimehewasateenager,he____65____(enjoy)areputationasawonderfulyoungmusician.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）66.假如你是李华，你的外教Cindy想请你推荐一款你喜欢的且体现中国文化的传统美食。请给她写一封信，内容包括：1.美食介绍；2.推荐理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearCindy,IamLiHuafromClass5.Sincerely,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。WhenDonaldCrouchfirstencounteredJiminhisEnglishclassinruralMichigan,hesawanunhappyboy,who’dgonedeepintoacocoon(茧)ofsilence.DonaldmighthaveassumedthatJimwasboredoruninterestedorevenbackward.Certainly,heappearedtobeallofthosethings.Buttherewassomethingintheyoungboythatlitupwheneverthesubjectturnedtopoetry.Itwasunnoticeable,butDonaldcouldseeashiftintheboy’sattitude—aquietbutunmistakableenthusiasmthataccompaniedanydiscussionofChaucer,Shakespeare,orTennyson.AtwinkleinhiseyeswouldappearwheneverDonaldlecturedonmattersofEnglishverse,somethingwhichprovedtobemostappealingtotheotherwisedisappointedteacher.AlthoughJimwasinterestedinallmannersofpoetry,heseemedparticularlyexcitedwhenDonaldwoulddiscussWaltWhitman,thatgreatestofAmericanpoets.OnedayDonaldkeptJimafterschoolandlearnedthatJimstuttered(口吃).DonaldunderstoodthatJimhadacceptedthewrittenwordbecausethespokenwordhadescapedhim.Thenextday,Donaldtoldthepupilstowriteapoem.Jimturnedhisassignmentin,andDonaldwassurprisedbyhowgooditwas.Theteacherreadtheassignmentoverandoveragainindisbeliefand,truthbetold,withalittlebitofenvy;howcouldastudentfromthemiddleofnowherecomeupwithsomethinglikethis?Heturnedhisheadonceagaintotheboyandbegantohaveanidea.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DonaldhadnoticedearlierthatJim’sstutterdisappearedwheneverhequotedhisfavoritepoetsoutloud.ThewholeclassturnedtheirattentiontoJim.