天津市部分区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语汇编：完形填空（含答案）

天津市部分区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题分类汇编完形填空天津市和平区2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（含解析）第二节：完形填空(共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从26—45题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。IwaslivinginCali,Colombia.OnedaymyyoungersisterdecidedtovisitmeforaholidayandIwassupposedtogotomeetherattheairport.Isomehowlost____11____ofthetimeandrealizedthatIwas____12____myhomemuchlaterthanIhadwantedto.Andtomakematters____13____,whenIwentoutside,therainwaspouringfromtheskyandIcouldn’tgetataxitosavemylife.I____14____jumpingonboardapublicbustoPalmira,wheretheairportwas.ThedriversaidthatIwouldbedropped____15____atacrossroadswhichwaslocatedsixkilometersawayfromtheairport.Ihadno____16____buttotravelwiththebus.Thejourneytookages,however.Whenthebusdideventually____17____thepreviouslymentionedcrossroads,thedriverpointedinagiven____18____andtoldmethattheairportwasdownthatway.Bythistime,Ihaddescendedintotears.Mysisterwouldbearrivingintwelveminutes,andtherewasnowayIwasgoingtobeabletomakeit____19____.Besidemyself(失去控制)withworry,I____20____thedrivertodrivethesixkilometersdowntotheairporttodropmeoff.Hestoodupandtookavotefromtheotherpassengers.Fortunately,theyall____21____.Thankstothem,Iarrivedontime.ThiswasmyfirstencounterwithMurphy’sLaw(墨菲定律):Whatevercangowrongwillgowrong.Andtheonlywaytobeatthisdevilistotake____22____fortheoutcomeofallyouractions.IshouldhavemadeaPlanBby____23____thepossibilitythattherewouldbenotaxisavailable.Ofcourse,somemajorvictorieswereachievedbytheveryfactthattheydidnothaveaPlanBto____24____.However,mostofthesituationsweencounterinourlivesaremuchlessdramaticandcanoftenbe____25____inmorewaysthanone.Itis____26____tohaveaPlanBbecauseyoucannotalwaysguaranteethatyouroriginalplanisgoingtoworkout,andinsomecases,yourcontingency(不测之事)planmightjustbeeven____27____thanyouroriginalone.Nowmorethanever,inthisrapidlychangingworld,____28____isoftenthekeytosuccess.Ifyouarepreparedtobouncebackwheneveryoneelse____29____,youwillbethewinner.Thinkofyourcontingencyplanasaformof____30____,onethat,ifnothingelse,cangiveyouthepeaceofmindyouneed.11.A.heart B.sight C.track D.touch12.A.heading B.leaving C.driving D.going13.A.better B.easier C.funnier D.worse14.A.pickedup B.checkedup C.endedup D.cameup15.A.down B.off C.by D.out16.A.choice B.evidence C.hope D.reason17.A.arrive B.pass C.reach D.return18.A.station B.direction C.location D.position19.A.intime B.ontime C.behindtime D.aheadoftime20.A.allowed B.reminded C.forced D.begged21.A.agreed B.appeared C.succeeded D.signed22.A.advice B.control C.responsibility D.risk23.A.comingintoeffect B.gettingintotrouble C.puttingintopractice D.takingintoaccount24.A.approvesof B.looksup C.goesafter D.turnto25.A.accessed B.altered C.approached D.avoided26.A.dangerous B.essential C.pointless D.priceless27.A.extremer B.faster C.better D.stranger28.A.capability B.flexibility C.reliability D.stability29.A.breaksdown B.settlesdown C.getsover D.carriesaway30.A.assistance B.endurance C.guidance D.insurance天津市南开区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末质量监测英语试题（含解析）第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，将短文内容补充完整。Sittingbackinmyseat,Ican’tquitebelievethatI’mabouttotravelalongtherailwaythatmanyforeignexpertsclaimedwas“impossible”.ThetrainhasbeenracingalongsteadilysinceitleftXining.Allthistime,thesong“SkyRailway”hasbeen____16____insidemyhead.Thewords“railwayslikemassivedragonsarewindingamongthemountains”seemparticularly____17____asItravelacrossthe“roofoftheworld”.IwasoneofthepeoplewhocamefromallpartsofChinatoworkonthisrailway.____18____yearstocomplete,theQinghai-TibetRailwayisarecordofallofoureffortsto____19____themostdifficultengineeringchallenges.Howto___20___thedelicateecosystemwasamongthetopconcerns.Thefirst____21____tocatchmyeyeisthesplendidQingshuiheBridge,theworld’slongestbridgebuiltoverpermafrost.Look!AgroupofTibetanantelopesismovingunderthebridge,withsomestoppingtoeatgrassattheir___22___.Thirty-threepassageshavebeenbuiltundertherailwaytoallowtheanimalstomovesafelyandfreelyintheirnatural____23____.WildanimalssuchastheseTibetanantelopeshavenowbeenusingthese____24____foryears.Theyseemtotally_____25_____thatwearespeedingpastatover100kilometresanhour.Toprevent_____26_____towetlandsandgrasslands,675bridgeswith_____27_____about160kilometreswerebuiltbetweenGolmudand-Lhasa.Weevenmoved140,000squaremetresofwetlandtoanewareainordertoprotectitsdistinctecosystem.Thejourneyhasbeenflyingby,andbeforeIknowit,wehavereachedTanggulaStation._____28_____atover5,000metresabovesealevel,thisisthe_____29_____railwaystationintheworld.Inlocationssuchasthis,thethinair,_____30_____weatherandhighlevelsofUVradiationpresentedperhapsthegreatest_____31_____forrailwayworkers.Tomakesurewestayed_____32_____,severaloxygen-makingstationswereconstructed.Wewerealsoabletoenjoy_____33_____breaksinlowerareas.AswepassCuonaLake,Ifeelasenseofprideandachievement.Usingthousandsandthousandsofsandbags,webuiltatwenty-kilometrewallalongthelaketoprotectitfromconstructionwaste.CuonaLakeissoclosetotherailwaythatIwantto_____34_____andtouchitspalebluemirror-likesurface.Waterbirdsplayinginthelake,andcattleandsheepwanderingthegrasslandsbringthescenerytolife.TheQinghai-TibetPlateauhasbeenattractingpeople’sadmirationforcenturies.Now,thankstoourefforts,passengersfromalloverthecountryhavebeenenjoyingthesemagicallandscapes.Iamproudthatwebuiltour“impossible”railway,anddidsowiththecarethattheenvironment_____35_____.Ittrulyisanextraordinary“SkyRailway”.16.A.playing B.expressing C.viewing D.singing17.Alegal B.cute C.vivid D.formal18.A.Spending B.Taking C.Investing D.Wasting19.A.create B.determine C.suffer D.overcome20.A.protect B.destroy C.ignore D.mix21.A.entrance B.landmark C.impression D.event22.A.leisure B.request C.risk D.expense23.A.condition B.habitat C.state D.common24.A.bridges B.railways C.mountains D.passages25.A.grateful B.guilty C.unaware D.happy26.A.spread B.infection C.damage D.panic27.A.alonghistoryof B.alargeareaof C.ahighcostof D.atotallengthof28.A.Located B.Started C.Ended D.Instructed29.A.strongest B.fastest C.newest D.highest30.A.mild B.warm C.changeable D.stable31.A.challenge B.talent C.limit D.opportunity32.A.quiet B.healthy C.calm D.open33.A.commercial B.regular C.formal D.casual34.A.blowaway B.payoff C.reachout D.givein35.A.influences B.provides C.collects D.deserves天津市西青区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试卷（含解析）第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从31～50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Ialwaysdreamedofbecomingafulltimewriter.Aftertwoyearsasasalesman,I____16____myjobandmadeupmymindtorealizemy____17____.NoonecouldtellmewhetherIwouldsucceedornot.Irentedabasementand____18____towrite.Ihadsomanythingstowritebecausetheenthusiasm(热情)was____19____inmyheart.Afterayearorso,____20____,Ibegantodoubtmyself.Ifoundit___21___toearnmylivingbywriting.Noneofmynovelswere____22____thatyear.ButI____23____tofollowmydream,eventhoughitmeantlivingwithuncertaintyandfearof____24____.Ibelievedanyonewithadreammustlearntostruggleforthe_____25_____.Duringthehardestperiodofmylife,afriendcametoseemeandtriedto_____26_____me,“Cometoourcompany,_____27_____wewillpayyou2,000dollarsamonth.”2,000dollarswasreallyabigfortuneatthattime.Itwouldenablemetolivea_____28_____life.Asthemoneywasdancinginmy_____29_____,somethingclearedmysenses.Hadn’tIdreamedofbeingawriter,afull-timewriter?“Thanks,butno,”Isaid_____30_____,“I’mgoingtosticktowriting.”Againandagain,Isaidtomyself,“Iwillbe_____31_____.Peoplewilllovemynovels.”_____32_____myfirstnovelwaspublishedin1991.Ihadthekindofsuccessthatfewwritersever_____33_____.Twentyyearshavepassed,buttheeffectithadonmylifehas_____34_____.NowIoften_____35_____thetimeworkinginthatcoldbasement.Iwillsay,“Anyonewithadreamandpersistencewillbesuccessful.”16.A.tookup B.gaveup C.appliedfor D.preparedfor17.A.mistake B.glory C.weakness D.dream18.A.settleddown B.turneddown C.bentdown D.lookeddown19.A.decreasing B.failing C.burning D.exploding20.A.however B.though C.therefore D.thus21.A.enjoyable B.difficult C.changeable D.normal22.A.translated B.attacked C.accepted D.ignored23.A.pretended B.determined C.waited D.agreed24.A.anxiety B.danger C.judgement D.failure25.A.intelligence B.reality C.money D.goal26.A.persuade B.calm C.warn D.comfort27.A.or B.but C.and D.so28A.healthier B.poorer C.better D.simpler29.A.head B.life C.future D.ambition30.A.doubtfully B.eagerly C.willingly D.firmly31.A.successful B.faithful C.sincere D.generous32.A.Gradually B.Suddenly C.Actually D.Finally33.A.admitted B.experienced C.designed D.proved34.A.ended B.lasted C.changed D.weakened35.A.dreamof B.complainof C.hearof D.thinkof天津市蓟州区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题（含解析）第二节：完型填空（共20小题：每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Oncetherewasalittlebirdthatlivedintheoldtimes.Whenasage(智者)wasthrownintoa____16____byhisenemy,thelittlebirdsawwhathappenedanddecidedtoputitoutto____17____thesage.Thelittlebird____18____bringingafewdropsofwaterinhis____19____mouthfromthenearbyriver.Thelargerbirdsinthetree____20____andlaughedatthelittlebird,saying,“Whyareyoucarryingthe____21____?”Thelittlebirdsaid,“Toputoutthefirearoundthesage.”Thelargerbirdscontinued____22____,“Howcouldyouputoutsuchahugefirewithsolittlewater?Itis____23____.”Doyouknowwhatthelittlebird____24____?“Idon’tknowwhetherIwillmanagetoputoutthefireornotbutIknowwhatIhave____25____istostopthefire.”Hearingtheanswer,allthelargerbirdswere____26____.Weoftenthinkthatoureffortisthefactorresponsibleforour____27____.Thisisawrongwayof____28____.Ifwebelievewecansucceed,weshallsucceed.Our____29____isjustasacrifice(牺牲)thatwearewillingtomake.____30____,thelittlebirdknewthatwithafewdropsofwaterthefirewouldnotbeputoutbutitwashis____31____todowhateverhecouldtoachievethisgoal.It’stheaction,notthefruitoftheaction,thatis____32____.Youhavetodotherightthing.Itmaynotbeinyour____33____ormaynotbeinyourtime,butthatdoesn’t____34____youstopdoingtherightthing.Youmayneverknow____35____resultscomefromyouraction.Butifyoudonothing,therewillbenoresult.16.A.room B.fire C.river D.plane17.A.remind B.stop C.help D.surprise18.A.started B.allowed C.suggested D.imagined19.A.long B.tiny C.strong D.beautiful20.A.refused B.understood C.heard D.watched21.A.cup B.present C.water D.fruit22.Awarning B.laughing C.teaching D.complaining23.A.unnecessary B.dangerous C.useless D.possible24.A.accepted B.achieved C.performed D.replied25.A.done B.finished C.collected D.proved26.A.afraid B.silent C.angry D.nervous27.A.success B.growth C.study D.career28.A.planning B.working C.explaining D.thinking29.A.progress B.fortune C.effort D.change30.A.Similarly B.Strangely C.Suddenly D.Generally31.A.turn B.responsibility C.promise D.fault32.A.actual B.easy C.exact D.important33.A.secret B.order C.power D.memory34.A.mean B.protect C.report D.mention35.A.when B.how C.that D.what天津市宁河区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题（含解析）第二节:完型填空（共20小题:每小题1分,满分20分）阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从31~50各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。Thisyearhasbeenabusyyearoftravelforme，andtheendoftheyearisnoexception.I___16___anearlymorningflightthathadmeupat4：30amtogettotheairport．Thethoughtofsuchanearlyflightmademe___17___,butthenIstartedtothinkaboutthechainofpeoplewhowouldmakethatearlyjourney___18___forme;myLiftdriver,check-inagent,securitystaff,gateagents,flightcrew,etc.Theyalldotheirjobsatanearlyhour___19___Icangettomydestinationsafely.Whenthetrip___20___,IrealizedIhada(n)___21___;Icouldbeannoyedabouthavingtotakeanearlyflightandholdthis___22___withme.Or,Icouldchoosetobe___23___forthismodernmachineofsafeairtravelandthepeoplewhomadeitpossible．Justthinkingaboutthe___24___choicegotmymindworkingabout___25___Icouldshowmygratitude：whatifIgotalittlegiftforevery___26___Iencounteredonmyjourney?ThenIstartedtothinkaboutwhatkindofgiftwouldbe___27___.Becauseitwasatrip，theyhadtobe___28___enoughtofitinmyluggage.___29___,IdecidedaStarbucksgiftcardwouldbeportableandauniversallyappreciateditemthatwould___30___themtogetacoffee,teaorsnack．ForthefirsttimeinyearsIactually___31___gettingupat4：30am!IendedupgivinggiftcardstomyLiftdriver，airportsecurityagent，twogateagents,andfourflightattendants,___32___ofwhomsaidthankyouandsmiledwhile___33___theirduties．And,___34___arrivingfiredandupset,afteronlyfourhoursofsleepandalong___35___，Iwasenergeticandhappytosharemystory.16.A.missed B.caught C.booked D.boarded17.A.upset B.excited C.delighted D.shocked18.A.difficult B.possible C.comfortable D.impressive19.A.while B.until C.unless D.so20.A.came B.ended C.passed D.delayed21.A.mistake B.choice C.passport D.appointment22.A.activity B.creativity C.negativity D.priority23.A.grateful B.responsible C.punctual D.anxious24.A.either B.neither C.former D.1atter25.A.why B.how C.where D.when26.A.child B.person C.worker D.passenger27.A.expensive B.delicate C.fashionable D.appropriate28.A.small B.heavy C.flexible D.cheap29.A.Fortunately B.Obviously C.Gradually D.Eventually30.A.remind B.enable C.force D.persuade31.A.gotusedto B.gotfiredof C.1ookedforwardto D.sufferedfrom32.A.one B.few C.all D.none33.A.paying B.performing C.ignoring D.considering34.A.inspiteof B.asaresultof C.regardlessof D.insteadof35.A.flight B.wait C.rest D.thought参考答案天津市和平区2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题（含解析）【答案】11.C12.B13.D14.C15.B16.A17.C18.B19.A20.D21.A22.C23.D24.D25.B26.B27.C28.C29.A30.D【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者去机场接妹妹的路上遇到了一系列糟糕的事情，作者从中感悟到要制定备用计划，它能让你安心。【11题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，我忘记了时间，意识到我离开家的时间比我想的要晚得多。A.heart心；B.sight视野；C.track踪迹；D.touch触感。由下文“laterthanIhadwantedto”可知，作者离开家时比预定的时间晚了，这说明作者忘了时间。固定搭配losetrackoftime，意为“忘了时间”。故选C。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，我忘记了时间，意识到我离开家的时间比我想的要晚得多。A.heading前往；B.leaving离开；C.driving开车；D.going去。由上文“Iwassupposedtogotomeetherattheairport”可知，作者要去机场接妹妹，所以要离开家去机场。故选B。【13题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，当我出门时，大雨从天而降，我无法叫到出租车来救我的命。A.better更好的；B.easier更简单的；C.funnier更有趣的；D.worse更糟糕的。上文提到作者忘记了时间，所以接妹妹晚了，结合下文“whenIwentoutside,therainwaspouringfromtheskyandIcouldn’tgetataxitosavemylife.”可知，本来接妹妹就晚了，但是更糟糕的是下起了大雨，作者无法叫到出租车。故选D。【14题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我最终跳上了一辆前往帕尔米拉的公共汽车，那里是机场所在的地方。A.pickedup捡起来；B.checkedup查看；C.endedup最终落得；D.cameup提出。由下文“jumpingonboardapublicbustoPalmira,wheretheairportwas.”和上文提到的作者出门接妹妹时下起了大雨，叫不到出租车，最终坐公共汽车去机场。故选C。【15题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：司机说我要在距机场六公里的十字路口下车。A.down向下；B.off从……离开；C.by凭借；D.out从……里面出去。由下文“atacrossroadswhichwaslocatedsixkilometersawayfromtheairport”可知，司机告诉作者要在距机场六公里的十字路口下车。固定搭配dropsb.off，意为“让某人下车”。故选B。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我别无选择，只能继续选择乘这个公共汽车。A.choice选择；B.evidence证据；C.hope希望；D.reason原因。由下文“buttotravelwiththebus”和上文提到的外面下着大雨可知，虽然司机告诉作者一会要在距机场六公里的十字路口下车，但作者别无选择，只能选择乘坐这个公交。固定搭配havenochoicebuttodosth.意为“别无选择只能做某事”。故选A。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当公共汽车最终到达之前提到的十字路口时，司机指着一个特定的方向并告诉我机场就在那个方向。A.arrive到达；B.pass通过；C.reach到达；D.return返回。由上文“Thejourneytookages,however.Whenthebusdideventually”和下文“thepreviouslymentionedcrossroads”可知，公交开了很长时间，最终达到了之前司机提到的那个十字路口，reach是及物动词，直接加宾语，arrive是不及物动词，后面加介词，然后再加宾语。故选C。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当公共汽车最终到达之前提到的十字路口时，司机指着一个特定的方向并告诉我机场就在那个方向。A.station车站；B.direction方向；C.location地点；D.position位置。由下文“toldmethattheairportwasdownthatway.”可知，司机指着特定的方向告诉作者机场就往那边走。故选B。【19题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：十二分钟后我妹妹就会到达，而我根本不可能及时赶到。A.intime及时；B.ontime准时；C.behindtime拖延时间；D.aheadoftime提前。上文“ThedriversaidthatIwouldbedropped____5____atacrossroadswhichwaslocatedsixkilometersawayfromtheairport.”可知，司机告诉作者她要在距机场六公里的十字路口下车，而妹妹十二分钟就到达机场，作者无法在12分钟内及时赶到机场。故选A。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我焦急万分，恳求司机开车六公里将我送到机场。A.allowed允许；B.reminded提醒；C.forced强迫；D.begged恳求。由下文“thedrivertodrivethesixkilometersdowntotheairporttodropmeoff.”和上文提到的如果作者在距机场六公里的十字路口下车，她是无法在12分钟赶到机场可知，作者焦急万分，应该是恳求司机开车送作者到机场。故选D。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，他们都同意了。A.agreed同意；B.appeared出现；C.succeeded成功；D.signed签名。由下文“Thankstothem,Iarrivedontime”可知，作者准时到达了机场，这说车上的乘客同意了司机开车六公里将作者送到机场。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：打败这个魔鬼的唯一方法就是对你所有行为的结果负责。A.advice建议；B.control控制；C.responsibility责任；D.risk冒险。由下文“fortheoutcomeofallyouractions”和“IshouldhavemadeaPlanB”可知，作者认为自己应该制定备用计划，即对事情承担责任，做到万无一失，这样就能打败墨菲定律，由此可知，作者认为打败墨菲定律的唯一方法就是对你所有行为的结果负责。固定搭配takeresponsibityfor意为“对……负责”。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我应该制定一个B计划，即考虑到没有出租车的可能性。A.comingintoeffect生效；B.gettingintotrouble陷入困境；C.puttingintopractice付诸实践；D.takingintoaccount考虑。由上文“IshouldhavemadeaPlanB”和下文“thepossibilitythattherewouldbenotaxisavailable”可知，作者认为自己本应该制定一个备用计划——考虑没有打到出租车的可能。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当然，有些重大的胜利是在没有B计划可以求助的情况下获得的。A.approvesof赞成；B.looksup查阅；C.goesafter追求；D.turnto求助于。由上文“Ofcourse,somemajorvictorieswereachievedbytheveryfactthattheydidnothaveaPlanBto”可知，有时候没有求助备用计划，也能获得重大的胜利。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们在生活中遇到的大多数情况都没有那么戏剧性，并且通常可以通过多种方式来改变。A.accessed进入；B.altered改变；C.approached接近；D.avoided避免。由上文“However,mostofthesituationsweencounterinourlivesaremuchlessdramaticandcanoftenbe”和下文“inmorewaysthanone”可知，生活中遇到的大多数情况都没有那么戏剧性，并且通常可以通过多种方式来改变。故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：制定B计划非常重要，因为你不能总是保证你原来的计划一定会成功，而且在某些情况下，你的应急计划可能会比你原来的计划更好。A.dangerous危险的；B.essential非常重要的；C.pointless无意义的；D.priceless无价的。由下文“becauseyoucannotalwaysguaranteethatyouroriginalplanisgoingtoworkout”可知，你不能总是保证你原来的计划一定会成功，所以制定备用计划是很重要的。故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：制定B计划非常重要，因为你不能总是保证你原来的计划一定会成功，而且在某些情况下，你的应急计划可能会比你原来的计划更好。A.extremer更极端的；B.faster更快的；C.better更好的；D.stranger更奇怪的。根据上文“becauseyoucannotalwaysguaranteethatyouroriginalplanisgoingtoworkout,andinsomecases,yourcontingency(不测之事)planmightjustbeeven”可知，制定备用计划是很有必要的，因为在某些情况下，应急计划可能比原来的计划更好。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，在这个瞬息万变的世界中，可靠性往往比以往任何时候都更成为成功的关键。A.capability能力；B.flexibility灵活；C.reliability可靠性；D.stability稳定。由下文“Thinkofyourcontingencyplanasaformof____20___,onethat,ifnothingelse,cangiveyouthepeaceofmindyouneed.”可知，制定应急计划能给你一种保障，让你安心无忧，让你感到可靠，由此可知，可靠性往往比以往任何时候都更成为成功的关键。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你准备好在其他人崩溃的时候东山再起，你就会成为赢家。A.breaksdown崩溃；B.settlesdown定居下来；C.getsover克服；D.carriesaway使激动。由下文“youwillbethewinner”可知，在别人崩溃的时候你东山再起，那么你就是赢家。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：将你的应急计划视为一种保险，至少可以让你安心无忧。A.assistance帮助；B.endurance忍受；C.guidance指导；D.insurance保险。由下文“onethat,ifnothingelse,cangiveyouthepeaceofmindyouneed.”可知，应急计划是一种保险，能让你安心无忧。故选D。天津市南开区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末质量监测英语试题（含解析）【答案】16.A17.C18.B19.D20.A21.B22.A23.B24.D25.C26.C27.D28.A29.D30.C31.A32.B33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者乘坐了自己参与建设的被誉为“天路”的青藏铁路时的感受，以及回顾了建设铁路时的种种困难和对生态环境的保护【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：直以来，“天路”这首歌一直在我的脑海里播放。A.playing播放；B.expressing表达；C.viewing观看；D.singing唱歌。根据前文“Sittingbackinmyseat,Ican’tquitebelievethatI’mabouttotravelalongtherailwaythatmanyforeignexpertsclaimedwas“impossible”.(靠在椅背上，我简直不敢相信我将要沿着许多外国专家声称“不可能”的铁路旅行。)”可知，作者坐在火车上沿着青藏铁路旅行，所以应该是“天路”这首歌在脑海里播放。故选A。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我穿越“世界屋脊”时，“铁路如巨龙蜿蜒于山间”这句话显得格外生动。A.legal合法的；B.cute可爱的；C.vivid生动的；D.formal正式的。根据前句“‘railwayslikemassivedragonsarewindingamongthemountains’(铁路如巨龙蜿蜒于山间)”指的是“铁路像巨龙”，所以这里指的是像龙一样生动形象。故选C。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：青藏铁路历时多年建成，是我们克服最艰巨工程挑战的结晶。A.Spending花费；B.Taking需要……时间；C.Investing投资；D.Wasting浪费。根据“yearstocomplete(多年完成)”可知，此处表示的是“需要……时间，费时”，take表示花费，主要为物或者事情，此处主语为“青藏铁路”，所以用take。故选B。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：青藏铁路历时多年建成，是我们克服最艰巨工程挑战的结晶。A.create创造；B.determine决定；C.suffer遭受；D.overcome克服。根据前文“____3____yearstocomplete(历时多年建成)”以及后文“themostdifficultengineeringchallenges(最困难的工程挑战)”可知，此处指的是要克服种种挑战。故选D。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如何保护脆弱的生态系统是人们最关心的问题之一。A.protect保护；B.destroy破坏；C.ignore忽视；D.mix混合。根据“thedelicateecosystem(脆弱的生态系统)”可知，此处是“保护脆弱的生态系统”。故选A。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个吸引我眼球的地标是壮丽的清水河大桥，它是世界上最长的桥，建在永久冻土上。A.entrance入口；B.landmark地标；C.impression印象；D.event事件。根据后文“tocatchmyeye(吸引我的眼球)”以及“theworld’slongestbridgebuiltoverpermafrost(世界上最长的桥，建在永久冻土上)”可知，此处指的是地标，标志性的建筑物。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一群藏羚羊在桥下移动，有些停下来吃草。A.leisure悠闲；B.request要求；C.risk风险；D.expense花费。根据“withsomestoppingtoeatgrass(有些停下来吃草)”可知，此处应该是悠闲地吃草，atleisure意为“悠闲地”。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：铁路下面修建了33条通道，让动物们在它们的自然栖息地安全、自由地活动。A.condition条件；B.habitat栖息地；C.state州；D.common公共用地；公地。根据前文“toallowtheanimalstomovesafelyandfreely(让它们安全地、自由地移动)”可知，此处指的是在栖息地。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：像这些藏羚羊这样的野生动物多年来一直在使用这些通道。A.bridges桥；B.railways铁路；C.mountains山；D.passages通道。根据前文“Thirty-threepassageshavebeenbuiltundertherailwaytoallowtheanimalstomovesafelyandfreelyintheirnatural____8____.(铁路下面修建了33条通道，让动物们在它们的自然栖息地安全、自由地活动。)”可知，此处指的是一直在使用这些通道。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们似乎完全没有意识到我们正以每小时100多公里的速度飞驰而过。A.grateful感激的；B.guilty羞愧的；C.unaware没有意识到的；D.happy开心的。根据前文“Thirty-threepassageshavebeenbuiltundertherailwaytoallowtheanimalstomovesafelyandfreelyintheirnatural____8____.(铁路下面修建了33条通道，让动物们在它们的自然栖息地安全、自由地活动。)”可知，动物们没有意识到这里修建了铁路。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了防止对湿地和草原的破坏，在格尔木和拉萨之间修建了675座桥梁，总长约160公里。A.spread展开，蔓延；B.infection感染；C.damage破坏；D.panic恐慌。根据后文“675bridgeswith____12____about160kilometreswerebuiltbetweenGolmudand-Lhasa.(在格尔木和拉萨之间修建了675座桥梁，总长约160公里。)”“Weevenmoved140,000squaremetresofwetlandtoanewareainordertoprotectitsdistinctecosystem.(我们甚至将14万平方米的湿地迁移到一个新的区域，以保护其独特的生态系统。)”可知，此处是为了防止对草地和草原的破坏。故选C。【27题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：为了防止对湿地和草原的破坏，在格尔木和拉萨之间修建了675座桥梁，总长约160公里。A.alonghistoryof悠久历史；B.alargeareaof大面积；C.ahighcostof高成本；D.atotallengthof总长。根据“675bridges”，可知，此处指的是桥梁的总长度约160公里。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它位于海拔5000多米的地方，是世界上海拔最高的火车站。A.Located坐落于；B.Started开始；C.Ended结束；D.Instructed指导。根据“thisisthe____14____railwaystationintheworld.(是世界上海拔最高的火车站)”可知，此处指的是位于海拔5000多米的地方，这里指“唐古拉车站位于海拔5,000多米的地方”。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它位于海拔5000多米的地方，是世界上海拔最高的火车站。A.strongest最强壮的；B.fastest最快的；C.newest最新的；D.highest最高的。根据前文“Locatedatover5,000metresabovesealevel(它位于海拔5000多米的地方)”可知，这是世界上海拔最高的火车站。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这样的地方，稀薄的空气，多变的天气和高水平的紫外线辐射可能是铁路工人面临的最大挑战。A.mild温和的；B.warm温暖的；C.changeable多变的；D.stable稳定的。根据前文“Thejourneyhasbeenflyingby,andbeforeIknowit,wehavereachedTanggulaStation.____13____atover5,000metresabovesealevel,thisisthe____14____railwaystationintheworld.(它位于海拔5000多米的地方，是世界上海拔最高的火车站。)”此处指的是唐古拉火车站，位于海拔5000多米的地方，通过常识可知，这些地方空气稀薄，天气多变。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这样的地方，稀薄的空气，多变的天气和高水平的紫外线辐射可能是铁路工人面临的最大挑战。A.challenge挑战；B.talent天赋；C.limit限制；D.opportunity机遇。根据前文“Inlocationssuchasthis,thethinair,____15____weatherandhighlevelsofUVradiationpresented(这样的地方，稀薄的空气，多变的天气和高水平的紫外线辐射)”可知，这些是铁路工人最大的挑战。故选A。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了确保我们的健康，建造了几个制氧站。A.quiet安静的；B.healthy健康的；C.calm镇静的；D.open开放的。根据后文“severaloxygen-makingstationswereconstructed(建造了几个制氧站)”可知，此处是为了保持健康。故选B。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们还可以在地势较低的地方定期休息。A.commercial商业的；B.regular规律的，定期的；C.formal正式的；D.casual随意的。根据前文“Tomakesurewestayed____17____,severaloxygen-makingstationswereconstructed.(为了确保我们的健康，建造了几个制氧站。)”为了保持健康，应该是去地势低的地方定期休息。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：郭娜湖离铁路很近，我真想伸手摸一摸它那明镜一般的浅蓝色湖面。A.blowaway吹走；B.payoff取得成功C.reachout伸手；D.givein屈服。根据后文“touchitspalebluemirror-likesurface(摸一摸它那明镜一般的浅蓝色湖面)”可知，此处指的是伸手。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我为我们建造了这条“不可能”的铁路而感到自豪，而且是在对环境应有的关心下建造的。A.influences影响；B.provides提供；C.collects收集；D.deserves值得。根据前文“Usingthousandsandthousandsofsandbags,webuiltatwenty-kilometrewallalongthelaketoprotectitfromconstructionwaste.(我们用了成千上万的沙袋，沿着湖筑了一道20公里长的墙，以保护它不受建筑垃圾的影响。)”以及全文内容可知，修建铁路的同时保护了环境，所以此处指的是“是在对环境应有的关心下建造的”。故选D。天津市西青区2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试卷（含解析）【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.C20.A21.B22.C23.B24.D25.D26.A27.C28.C29.A30.D31.A32.D33.B34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要叙述了作者实现成为专职作家的梦想的艰难历程，这让他坚信：只要坚持梦想，就一定能成功。【16题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当了两年推销员后，我放弃了工作，下定决心实现我的梦想。A.tookup占据；B.gaveup放弃；C.appliedfor申请；D.preparedfor准备。根据上文“Ialwaysdreamedofbecomingafulltimewriter.”可知，作者一直想成为一名专职作家，所以他应该是会放弃做推销员的工作，而全心投入写作。故选B。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第1题详解。A.mistake错误；B.glory荣誉；C.weakness弱点；D.dream梦想。根据上文“Ialwaysdreamedofbecomingafulltimewriter.”可知，作者一直想成为一名专职作家，所以他应该是想要实现这个梦想。故选D。【18题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我租了一个地下室，安顿下来写作。A.settleddown安定下来；B.turneddown拒绝；C.bentdown弯下腰；D.lookeddown向下看。根据上文“Irentedabasement”可知，作者租了一个地下室，应该是想要安顿下来全心投入写作。故选A。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有很多东西要写，因为我的热情在燃烧。A.decreasing下降；B.failing失败；C.burning燃烧；D.exploding爆炸。根据上文“Ihadsomanythingstowrite”可知，作者有很多东西要写，应该是因为他的写作热情在内心燃烧。故选C。【20题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，大约一年后，我开始怀疑自己。A.however然而；B.though尽管；C.therefore因此；D.thus因此。根据上文“Ihadsomanythingstowritebecausetheenthusiasm(热情)was____4____inmyheart.”和下文“Ibegantodoubtmyself.”可知，作者的梦想和现实不一样，所以开始怀疑自己的写作能力。故选A。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现靠写作谋生很困难。A.enjoyable享受的；B.difficult困难的；C.changeable多改变的；D.normal正常的。根据上文“Afterayearorso,____5____,Ibegantodoubtmyself.”可知，作者开始怀疑自己的写作能力，所以应该是靠写作谋生就变得很困难。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词