祈使句语法及练习题及祈使句习题及答案

祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。

1.

肯定的祈使句

（1）动词原形+其他

Stand

up,

please.

=

Please

stand

up.

请起立。

（2）Be

+

n./adj.

Be

a

good

boy!

要做一个好孩子!

Be

careful!

=

Look

out!

=

Take

care!

小心

/

当心！

（3）Let

+

宾语

+

动词原形

+

其它成分

Let

me

help

you.

让我来帮你。

Let’s

go

to

school

together.

咱们一起上学去吧。

2.

否定的祈使句

(1)

Don't

+

动词原形

Don't

stand

up.

别站起来。

Don't

be

careless.

别粗心。

Don't

let

them

play

with

fire.

别让他们玩火。

（2）Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't

+

let

+

宾语

+

动词原形

+

其它成分”和“Let

+

宾语

+

not

+

动词原形

+

其它成分”。

Don't

let

him

go.

/

Let

him

not

go.

别让他走。

Let

them

not

play

with

fire.

别让他们玩火。

（3）no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。

No

smoking!

禁止吸烟!No

fishing!

禁止钓鱼!

3.

祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。

例如：Do

shut

up!

快住口！

4.

祈使句的回答

祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用

will或won’t。

在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：

形式一致(即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致)

意思相反(即Yes是

“不”的意思；No是

“是”的意思)。

在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。

如：---

Don’t

go

out,

please.

It’s

raining

heavily

outside.

请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。

----

Yes,

I

will.

I

have

to

meet

my

brother

at

the

airport.

不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。

5.

祈使句的反意疑问句

(1)

肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will

you

或won't

you。

Please

open

the

door,

will/

won’t

you?

请把门打开，好吗？

(2)

否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will

you。

Don't

be

late

again,

will

you?

别再迟到了，行不行？

(3)

以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall

we。

Let's

turn

on

the

TV,

shall

we?

我们把电视打开，好吗？

<特别注意>

只有以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall

we，而let

us

开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will

you或won't

you.如：Let

us

stay

here,

will/

won't

you?

请（你）让我们留在这好吗？祈使句专项练习一.

用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.

It’s

an

important

meeting.

_________________

(not,

be

)late.

2.

________________

(not,make)

any

nise!

Your

mother

is

sleeping.

3.

________________

(not,

speak)

with

your

mouth

full

of

food

and

_________

(be)

polite.

4.

________________

(

not,

talk)

and

____________

(read)

aloud.

5.

_______________

(not,leave)

your

homework

for

tomorrow,

Larry.

6.

________________

(look)

out!

A

car

is

coming.

7.

_______________

(give)

us

ten

years

and

just

see

what

our

country

will

be

like.

8.

________________

(not,

let)

the

baby

cry.

9.

Wear

more

clothes

or

you

____________

(catch)

a

cold.

10.

Let’s

_______________

(not,

say)

anything

about

it.

二、单项选择

1.

The

TV

is

too

loud.

Please________.

A.

turn

it

down

B.

to

turn

it

down

C.

turn

down

it

D.

to

turn

down

it

2.

_______

late

again,

Bill!

A.

Don't

to

be

B.

Don't

be

C.

Not

be

D.

Be

not

3.

___

cross

the

road

until

the

traffic

lights

turn

green.

A.

Not

B.

Won't

C.

Doesn't

D.

Don't

4.

Please

help

me

carry

it,

______?

A.

will

I

B.

will

you

C.

shall

I

D.

shall

we

5.

Don't

make

so

much

noise,

______?

A.

will

you

B.

won't

you

C.

shall

we

D.

do

you

6.

Do

you

know

the

girl

______under

the

tree?

A.

stand

B.

to

stand

C.

standing

D.

stood

7.

Kate,

_______

your

homework

here

tomorrow.

A.

bring

B.

brings

C.

to

bring

D.

bringing

8.

________

me

the

truth,

or

I'll

be

angry.

A.

Telling

B.

To

tell

C.

Told

D.

Tell

9.

I've

kept

the

dog

_______Maomao

for

a

long

time.

A.

Name

B.

named

C.

naming

D.

to

name

10.

Don't

you

know

that

__

is

good

for

our

health?

A.

swimB.

swimming

C.

swam

D.

swims

11

.Her

doctor

said:

“________

work

so

hard”

A

Stop

B

Don’t

C

Can’t

D

No

12.

Sindy,

________

to

be

here

at

8

o’clock

A

is

sure

B

is

sure

that

C

will

be

sure

D

be

sure

13.________

when

you

cross

the

road.

A

Do

care

B

Care

C

Do

be

careful

D

To

be

careful

14.

________him

the

secret,

will

you?

A

Don’t

tell

B

Not

to

tell

C

Not

telling

D

No

telling

15.

________

in

bed.

It’s

bad

for

your

eyes.

A

Not

to

read

B

Don’t

read

C

Don’t

to

read

D

Not

read

16.

________

Your

child.

We’ll

look

after

him.

A

Not

to

worry

about

B

Don’t

worry

about

C

Not

worry

for

D

Don’t

worry

with

17.They

are

very

tired.

Why

________

have

a

rest?

A

not

they

B

do

not

they

C

don’t

they

D

not

to

18

--You

look

rather

tired.

________

stopping

to

have

a

rest?

--

All

right.

A

Why

not

B

How

about

C

Why

not

to

D

why

don’t

19

______

tell

a

lie.

A

Hardly

B

Not

C

No

D

Never

20.Please

________

look

outside.

Look

at

the

blackboard.

A

not

B

don’t

C

aren’t

D

can’t

三、句型转换

1.

Will

you

please

read

it

again

more

slowly?

（改为祈使句）

_______

________

again

more

slowly,

please.

2.

If

you

don't

listen

to

me,

I'll

go.

（改为同义句）

________

________me,

or

I’ll

go.

3.

Let's

watch

the

sports

games.

（改为反意疑问句）

Let's

watch

the

sports

games,

_______

_____?

4.

The

teachers

often

tell

the

students

not

to

be

careless.

（改为祈使句）

_______

_______careless,

please.

5.

Please

sit

next

to

Nancy.

（改为否定句）

_______

_______

next

to

Nancy.

6.

Don't

forget

to

turn

off

the

lights,

please.

（改为反意疑问句）

Don't

forget

to

turn

off

the

lights,

_______

_______?

7.

If

you

move,

you'll

die.

（改为同义句）

_______

______,

or

you'll

die.

8.

Come

to

my

house

tomorrow.

（改为反意疑问句）

Come

to

my

house

tomorrow,

_______

_______?

9.

这是一个坏了的被子。

（翻译句子）

This

is

a

________

________.

10.

让我们去帮帮那个哭泣的女孩吧。

（翻译句子）

Let’s

go

and

help

the

_______

_______,

please.

四、将下列汉语翻译成英语。

1.

请照看好您的包。

___________________________________________.

2.

让我们去学校吧!

____________________________________________!

3.

亲爱的,高兴点儿!

____________________________________________!

4.

不要把书放这儿。

____________________________________________.

5.

不要让猫进来。

____________________________________________.

参考答案

一、填空题

1.Dont’t

be

2.

Dont’t

make

3.

Dont’t

speak

be

4.

Don’t

talk

read

5.

Don’t

leave

6.

Look

7.

Give

8.

Don’t

let

9.

catch

10.

not

_say

二、单选题

1-5.

ABDBA

6-10.

CADBB

11-15

BADAD

16-20

BDADB

三、句型转换

1.

Read

it

2.

Listen

to

3.

shall

we

4.

Don’t

be

5.

Don’t

sit

6.

will

you

7.

Don’t

move

8.

will

/

won’t

you

9.

broken

glass

/

cup

10.

crying

girl

四、翻译Key:

1.

Please

look

after

your

bag.

2.

Let's

go

to

school.

3.

Be

glad,

dear

4.

Don't

put

the

book

here

.

5.

Don't

let

the

cat

come

in

/

Let

the

cat

not

come

in

1.TheTVistooloud.Please________.A.turnitdownB.toturnitdownC.turndownitD.toturndownit2._______lateagain,Bill!A.Don'ttobeB.Don'tbeC.NotbeD.Benot3._______crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.A.NotB.Won'tC.Doesn'tD.Don't4.Pleasehelpmecarryit,______?A.willIB.willyouC.shallID.shallwe5.Don'tmakesomuchnoise,______?A.willyouB.won'tyouC.shallweD.doyou6.Doyouknowthegirl______underthetree?A.standB.tostandC.standingD.stood7.Kate,_______yourhomeworkheretomorrow.A.BringB.bringsC.tobringD.bringing8.________methetruth,orI'llbeangry.A.TellingB.TotellC.ToldD.Tell9.I'vekeptthedog_______Maomaoforalongtime.A.NameB.namedC.NamingD.toname10.Don'tyouknowthat_______isgoodforourhealth?A.SwimB.swimmingC.SwamD.swims句型转换11.Willyoupleasereaditagainmoreslowly?(改为祈使句)___read____it__againmoreslowly,please.12.Ifyoudon'tlistentome,I'llgo.(改为同义句)__________me,orI'llgo