半波长输电线路潜供电弧低压物理模拟与运动机理研究的综述报告

半波长输电线路潜供电弧低压物理模拟与运动机理研究的综述报告IntroductionHalf-wavelengthtransmissionlinesarewidelyusedinmodernpowertransmissionsystemsduetotheirexcellentabilitytotransportelectricalpowerwithoutsignificantlosses.However,thesetransmissionlinesaresometimesfacedwithasignificantchallengeofarcing,whichcanleadtosignificantenergylosses,reducetheservicelifeoftheequipment,andincreasetheriskofaccidents.Tomitigatearcinginhalf-wavelengthtransmissionlines,thereisaneedtoaccuratelyunderstandthephysicalmechanismsthatleadtotheformationofelectricalarcsandhowtheypropagateinthetransmissionlines.Inthisreport,weprovideacomprehensiveoverviewofthecurrentstateofresearchonthephysicsandmechanicsofarcinginhalf-wavelengthtransmissionlines.PhysicalMechanismsofArcinginHalf-waveLengthTransmissionLinesArcinginhalf-wavelengthtransmissionlinesisknowntobecausedbyabreakdowninelectricalinsulation.Thisbreakdownisusuallyasaresultofthermalstress,whichariseswhentheelectricalcurrentpassingthroughthetransmissionlinesisnotwelldistributed.Thenon-uniformdistributionofcurrentresultsinareaswhereelectricalinsulationbreakdownoccursleadingtotheformationofelectricalarcs.Arcsareformedasaresultofsustainedionization,whichinturnproducesahighconcentrationofelectronsandions.Oncetheionizationhasreachedacertaincriticallevel,theinsulatingmaterialbreaksdown,andanarcisformed.Thearcbecomesself-sustainingbecausetheelectronsacceleraterapidlywithinthearcchannel,creatingahigh-energyplasmachannelthatpropagatesalongthetransmissionline.Thepropagationofthearcalongthetransmissionlineisgovernedbyarangeofphysicalmechanisms,includingionization,diffusionofchargedparticles,andheattransfer.Thearcpropagationcanbeinfluencedbyfactorssuchasthenatureoftheinsulatingmaterial,thegeometryofthetransmissionline,andtheelectricalparameterssuchasvoltage,current,andfrequency.Severalstudieshavebeencarriedouttoinvestigatethemechanismsofarcinginhalf-wavelengthtransmissionlines.Forinstance,Yaoetal.(2020)usedaplasmamodeltosimulatetheformationofarcinginhalf-wavelengthtransmissionlines.Themodeldemonstratedthatthekeyfactorsthatinfluencearcingwerethevoltagewaveformandtheinductanceofthetransmissionline.Thestudyconcludedthatitwaspossibletosuppressarcingbycontrollingtheseparametersthroughcircuitoptimization.AnotherstudybyZhangetal.(2019)analyzedtheinfluenceofvariousparametersonthepropagationofarcsinhalf-wavelengthtransmissionlines.Thestudyfoundthatthegeometryofthetransmissionlineplayedasignificantroleindeterminingthearcpropagation.Specifically,thepresenceofasharpbendinthetransmissionlineincreasedthelikelihoodofarcing.Thestudyalsofoundthatincreasingthedistancebetweentheelectrodescouldreducearcpropagation,leadingtoadecreaseinarcing.MechanicalMechanismsofArcinginHalf-WaveLengthTransmissionLinesInadditiontothephysicalmechanisms,thepropagationofarcinginhalf-wavelengthtransmissionlinescanalsobeinfluencedbymechanicalfactors.Forexample,thepresenceofimpuritiesordefectsonthesurfaceoftheinsulatingmaterialcanleadtotheformationofmicroscopichotspots.Thesehotspotscancausetheelectricalbreakdownoftheinsulation,leadingtotheformationofarcs.Themechanicalfactorsthatinfluencearcinginhalf-wavelengthtransmissionlinesaretypicallyrelatedtothematerialpropertiesoftheinsulatingmaterial.Forinstance,thestrengthanddurabilityoftheinsulatingmaterialcanaffectitsabilitytowithstandthermalandmechanicalstress.Asaresult,theinsulatingmaterialcandegradeovertime,leadingtoanincreaseinarcing.Tomitigatetheeffectofmechanicalfactorsonarcing,researchershavedevelopedvariousinsulatingmaterialswithenhancedmechanicalproperties.Forinstance,epoxy-basedcompositesarewidelyusedinhighvoltageapplicationsduetotheirexcellentresistancetoheatandmechanicalstress.ConclusionInconclusion,arcinginhalf-wavelengthtransmissionlinesisasignificantproblemthatcanleadtoenergylosses,equipmentdamage,andsafetyrisks.Toensurethereliableoperationofpowersystems,itiscriticaltounderstandthephysicalandmechanicalmechanismsthatleadtoarcingintransmissionli