English grammar terms often used 英语语法常用词语

Englishgrammartermsoftenused英语语法常用词语1．Partsofspeech词类noun名词pronoun代词numeral数词adjective形容词verb动词adverb副词article冠词preposition介词conjunction连词interjection感叹词particle小品词2。Wordbuilding构词法conversion转化derivation派生affixation词缀法prefix前缀suffix后缀compoundwords合成词3．Classificationofnouns名词的分类commonnouns普通名词propernouns专有名词individualnouns个体名词collectivenouns集合名词materialnouns物质名词abstractnouns抽象名词countablenouns可数名词uncountablenouns不可数名词thesingularform单数形式thepluralform复数形式thecommoncase普通格thepossessivecase所有格thesubjectivecase主格theobjectivecase宾格person人称thirdpersonsingular第三人称单数4.Classificationofpronouns代词的分类personalpronouns人称代词possessivepronouns物主代词selfpronouns反身代词demonstrativepronouns指示代词interrogativepronouns疑问代词conjunctivepronouns连接代词relativepronouns关系代词reciprocalpronouns相互代词indefinitepronouns不定代词5．数词、形容词、冠词cardinalnumerals基数词ordinalnumerals序数词fractionalnumerals分数词thecomparativedegree比较级thesuperlativedegree最高级Thedefinitearticle定冠词theindefinitearticle不定冠词6．Classificationofverbs动词的分类nationalverbs实义动词link-verbs系动词auxiliaryverbs助动词modalverbs情态动词transitiveverbs及物动词intransitiveverbs不及物动词regularverbs规则动词irregularverbs不规则动词thepresentforms现在式thepastforms过去式theparticiple分词thepresentparticiple现在分词thepastparticiple过去分词theinfinitive不定式thegerund动名词bareinfinitive不带to的不定式7．Tense时态thepresenttense一般现在时thepasttense一般过去时thefuturetense一般将来时thepastfuturetense一般过去将来时thepresentcontinuous现在进行时thepastcontinuous过去进行时thefuturecontinuous将来进行时thepastfuturecontinuous过去将来进行时thepresentperfect现在完成时thepastperfect过去完成时thefutureperfect将来完成时thepastfutureperfect过去将来完成时thepresentperfectcontinuous现在完成进行时thefutureperfectcontinuous将来完成进行时thepastfutureperfectcontinuous过去将来完成进行时8．Voice语态、Mood语气thepassivevoice被动语态theactivevoice主动语态theindicativemood陈述语气theimperativemood祈使语气thesubjunctivemood虚拟语气9．Classificationofadverbs副词的分类adverbsofplace地点副词adverbsoftime时间副词adverbsofdegree程度副词adverbsofmanner方式副词adverbsoffrequency频度副词relativeadverbs关系副词interrogativeadverbs疑问副词conjunctiveadverbs连接副词10．Membersofthesentence句子成分thesubject主语thepredicate谓语thepredicative表语theobject宾语theattribute定语theadverbial状语theappositive同位语independentelements独立成分thedirectobject直接宾语theindirectobject间接宾语parenthesis插入语thedoublepossessive双重所有格theformalsubject/object形式主语/宾语subjectcomplement主语补足语objectcomplement宾语补足语11．Classificationofsentences句子的分类declarativesentences陈述句imperativesentences祈使句exclamatorysentences感叹句interrogativesentences疑问句generalquestions一般疑问句specialquestions特殊疑问句alternativequestions选择疑问句disjunctivequestions反意疑问句tapquestions附加疑问句simplesentences简单句compoundsentences复合句complexsentences并列句ellipticalsentences省略句phrase短语prepositionphrases介词短语infinitivephrases不定式短语thequestionword疑问词12．Clauses从句mainclauses主句subjectclauses主语从句objectclauses宾语从句directspeech直接引语indirectspeech间接引语predicateclauses谓语从句predicativeclauses表语从句attributiveclauses定语从句restrictiveattributiveclauses限定性定语从句theantecedent先行词non—restrictiveattributiveclauses非限定性定语从句appositiveclauses同位语从句adverbialclauses状语从句adverbialclausesoftime/place/cause/condition/degree/result/concession/purpose/comparison/manner时间/地点/原因/条件/程度/结果/让步/目的/比较/方式状语从句sentencesofrealcondition真实条件句sentencesofunrealcondition虚拟条件句naturalword-order自然语序invertedword—order倒装语序fullinversion完全倒装partialinversion部分倒装ellipsis省略transformationofsentences句型转换analysisofsentences句子分析13。Punctuation标点符号period/fullstop句号comma逗号semicolon分号colon冒号dash破折号hyphen连字号brackets括号questionmark问号quotationmarks引号apostrophe省略号14．ThepronunciationofEnglish英语发音internationalphonetic国际音标thesoundsofEnglish英语语音vowels元音purevowels单元音diphthongs双元音semi-vowel半元音consonants辅音nasal鼻音plosive爆破