2025届新高考英语热点冲刺复习 被动语态

2025届新高考英语热点冲刺复习被动语态CONTENTS被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice01被动语态的用法Theuseofpassivevoice02被动语态Passivevoice语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态:主动语态(activevoice)和被动语态(passivevoice)。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。Part012023被动语态的构成十种常见时态的被动语态Passivevoicefortencommontenses01“get+过去分词”结构"get+pastparticiple"structure02“seem/appear+过去分词”结构"seem/appear+pastparticiple"structure03被动语态中常用的介词Aprepositioncommonlyusedinthepassivevoice04被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词构成：被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice1、一般现在时Aremanygoods

abroadeveryday每天都有许多货物运往国外吗Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.我们每天打扫教室。一、十种常见时态的被动语态：Theclassroom

byuseveryday.教室每天都由我们打扫。被动语态:am/is/aredoneSuchsongs

bygirls.这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。Russian

inourschool.我们学校不教俄语。主动语态:doiscleanedareusuallysungshippedisnottaught被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice2、一般过去时

manytrees

(plant)onthehillyesterday昨天山上种了许多树吗?Wecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.昨天我们打扫了教室。一、十种常见时态的被动语态：Theclassroom

（clean）byusyesterday.昨天教室被我们打扫了。被动语态:was/weredoneThewindow

（break)bymyson.窗子是我儿子打破的。She

.她被表白了。主动语态:didwascleanedwasbrokenplantedWere

wasconfessed.被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice3.一般将来时Willtheschoolsportsmeeting

nextweek?校运动会将在下星期举行吗?Wewillcleantheclassroomsoon.我们很快要打扫教室。一、十种常见时态的被动语态：Theclassroom

soon.教室很快要被打扫了。被动语态:will/shallbedoneThework

immediately.这工作将马上做。Whenshallwe

alectureontheInternet什么时候给我们作有关因特网的讲座?主动语态:will/shalldowillbecleanedwillbedonebeheldbegiven被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice4.一般过去将来时Sheaskedwhethertheirplan

withgreatcare.她问他们的计划会不会得到仔细的考虑。Wetoldhimthatwewouldcleantheclassroomsoon.我们告诉他我们马上就打扫教室。一、十种常见时态的被动语态：Wetoldhimthattheclassroom

soon.我们告诉他教室很快就会被打扫的。Hesaidthatanewtradecenter

inthecentreofthecity.他说一个新的贸易中心将在市中心建起来。Iwasn'ttoldthatI

totheparty.没人告诉我要被邀请出席晚会。被动语态:wouldbedone主动语态:woulddowouldbecleanedwouldbebuiltwouldbeconsideredwouldbeinvited被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice5、现在进行时

thebabies

careofbythisnurse.这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗?Wearecleaningtheclassroomnow.我们现在正在打扫教室。一、十种常见时态的被动语态：Theclassroom

now.教室现在正在被打扫。Ahospital

inthecentreofthetown.镇中心正在兴建一家医院。How

thenewteachingmethod

there.那里是怎样试行这种新教学方法的?被动语态:am/is/arebeingdone主动语态:am/is/aredoingisbeingcleanedisbeingbuiltArebeingtakenisbeingtried被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice6、过去进行时

theTV

thistimeyesterday昨天这个时候电视机正在被修理吗?Wewerecleaningtheclassroomthistimeyesterday.昨天这个时候我们在打扫教室。一、十种常见时态的被动语态：Theclassroom

（clean）thistimeyesterday.昨天这个时候教室正在被打扫Theteachingplan

（discuss）atthattime.那时正在讨论教学计划。Thehouse

whenwearrivedathishome.我们到他家时，他家房子正在粉刷。被动语态:was/werebeingdone主动语态:was/weredoingwasbeingcleanedwasbeingdiscussedwasbeingpaintedbeingfixedWas被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice7、现在完成时Theradiohas

（turn）onyet.收音机还没开。Theclassroomlookstidy.Wehavecleanedit.教室看起来很整洁。我们已经打扫了。一、十种常见时态的被动语态：Theclassroomlookstidy.It

.教室看起来很整洁。它已经被打扫了Manyforeignfilms

（show）

onTVsincelastmonth.上个月以来，电视中播放了许多外国影片。Hasanewtrainingcentre

（setup）inourtown我们镇上新的培训中心建好了吗?被动语态:has/havebeendone主动语态:has/havedonehasbeencleanedhavebeenshownnotbeenturnedbeensetup被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice8、过去完成时Shetoldmethatshe

（dismiss）byherboss.她告诉我，她的老板已把她解雇了。Theclassroomlookedtidy.Wehadcleanedit.教室看起来很整洁。我们已经打扫过了。一、十种常见时态的被动语态：Theclassroomlookedtidy.It

（clean）.教室看起来很整洁。它已经被打扫过了。Hisnewlywrittennovel

（translateinto）Englishbytheendoflastmonth.上个月末，他刚写的小说已被翻译成了英语。Herhomework

whenIgothome.我到家的时候，她的作业还没有完成。被动语态:hadbeendone主动语态:haddonehadbeencleanedhad

beentranslatedintohadbeendismissedhadnotbeenfinished被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice9、将来完成时Howmanyexpressways

（complete）bytheendofnextyear到明年年底将建成多少条高速公路?Wewillhavecleanedtheclassroombyfiveo'clock.我们将在五点之前打扫完教室。一、十种常见时态的被动语态：Theclassroom

（clean）byfiveo'clock.教室将在五点以前打扫完。Thenewbooks

（enter）intheregisterbeforeanotherparcelarrives.这些新书在下一批书到来前将登记完毕。Beforeyoureturnmywork

.（do）你回来前我的工作将会做完。被动语态:will/shallhavebeendone主动语态:will/shallhavedonewillhavebeencleanedwillhavebeenenteredwillhavebeencompletedwillhavebeendone被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice10、过去将来完成时Thedaywasdrawingnearwhenthedam

.（complete）大坝完工的日子不远了。Isaidwewouldhavecleaned

theclassroomby500.我说我们将在五点之前打扫完教室。一、十种常见时态的被动语态：Isaidtheclassroom

by500.我说教室将在五点以前打扫完。Theheadmastersaidthearticle

（translate）bytheendofnextmonth.校长说文章将在下月底翻译好。Hetoldmethatpreparations

（finish）by600.他告诉我准备工作将在六点前完成。被动语态:wouldhavebeendone主动语态:wouldhavedone

wouldhavebeenfinishedwouldhavebeencleanedwouldhavebeentranslatedwouldhavebeencompleted十种常见时态的被动语态状态时间现在过去将来过去将来一般am/is/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonewouldbedone进行am/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdone完成has/havebeendonehadbeendonewill/shallhavebeendonewouldhavebeendone难度：适中1、Currently,about35,000works________inover300roomsintheLouvre,anditwouldtakealifetimetoseeeverything.A．weredisplaying B．aredisplayingC．werebeingdisplayed D．arebeingdisplayed2、Foodandmedicalsupplies________toalltheresidentsafterthehurricanelastSunday.A．distribute

B．distributedC．aredistributed

D．weredistributed3、Markisagenius.Bythetimehegraduated,he________jobsbyadozencomputercompanies.A．hasoffered

B．hasbeenofferedC．hadoffered

D．hadbeenoffered4.Amy,aswellasherbrothers,________awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.A．isgiven

B．aregivenC．wasgiven

D．weregiven5.Theyaretryingtomakesurethat5Gterminals________by2022fortheBeijingWinterOlympics.A．willinstall B．willhavebeeninstalledC．areinstalled D．havebeeninstalled1.Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowtheplan________inthepasttwoyears.A．wouldbecarriedout B．wascarriedoutC．hadbeencarriedout D．isbeingcarriedout

2、Afterawhile,herealizedthathewasinasituation_________hewas_________.A．where;madeuse B．that;madeuseofC．inwhich;madeuseof D．which;madeuse3、BytheendoflastDecember,theNationalAquaticCenter,also________the“WaterCube”,________intoan“IceCube”fortheupcomingBeijingWinterOlympics.A．wasreferredtoas…transformedB．referredtoas…wastransformedC．wasreferredtoas…beingtransformedD．referredtoas…hadbeentransformed4、Sofar,largeamountsofmoney_____forthosewhosehousesweredamagedbythepowerfultyphoon(台风)A．havebeencollected B．hasbeencollected C．wascollected D．werecollected5、

－Whydoestheriversmellterrible?－Becauselargequantitiesofrubbish______there.A．havethrown B．isbeingthrownC．hasbeenthrown D．havebeenthrown难度：较难被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice被动语态除常用“be+过去分词”构成外，还可用“get+过去分词”结构。这种结构多用在口语中，强调动作的结果。Theboygothurtwhenhewasridingtoschool.那孩子骑车上学时受伤了。二、“get+过去分词”结构Didyourlettergetanswered你收到回信了吗?注意:用“get+过去分词”结构时，其后的动作执行者(即by短语)一般不表示出来。AsIpassedby,myskirt

（catch）onanail.我经过的时候，我的裙子被钉子挂住了。Finallyhisbike

（repair）.最后他的自行车得到了修理。gotrepairedgotcaught（1）在"be+过去分词"的结构中，be是助动词（auxiliary），可以用来独立构成否定句和疑问句；get不是助动词，在否定句和疑问句，必须增加助动词。WasKimattackedbyatiger?Kimwasnotattackedbyatiger."get+过去分词"和"be+过去分词"有几个区别DidKimgetattackedbyatiger?GotKimattackedbyatiger?Kimgotnotattackedbyatiger.Kimdidnotgetattackedbyatiger.判断正误√××√被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice有时“seem/appear+过去分词”也可以构成被动语态。Thehouseappearsdeserted.这房子好像没人居住。三、“seem/appear+过去分词”结构Sheseemedannoyedbyhiswords.她似乎被他的话搞得很恼火。提示:并不是所有的“be+过去分词”结构中的be都能被get或seem,appear等词代替。[误]Shegotborninasmallvillage.[误]Theoldmangotofferedalargesumofmoney.[正]Shewasborninasmallvillage.[正]Colinwerecaughtcheatingintheexam.科林考试作弊被抓了。[正]Theoldmanwasofferedalargesumofmoney.[误]Colingotcaughtcheatingintheexam.被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice

isthebookwritten这本书是谁写的?四、被动语态中常用的介词Thechildrenweredrivenindoorsbytherain.孩子们被雨赶进了室内。1、by表示动作的执行者或施加者Thewolfwaskilledwithagun.狼被枪打死了。Thefieldwasspreadwithwildflowers.田野里野花遍地。2、with表示用某种工具Bywhom被动语态的构成TheformationofpassivevoiceGoodwineismadefromgrain.好酒是粮食制成的。四、被动语态中常用的介词3、from表示源于某种物质(看不出原材料)Thetableismadeofwood.这张桌子是用木头做的。5.其他介词4、of表示用某种材料制成(看得出原材料)Heisknowntoeverybody.大家都认识他。Youarewantedonthephone.有电话找你。Shewascaughtintherain.她遭雨淋了。被动语态的构成Theformationofpassivevoice四、被动语态中常用的介词注意:动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示,但被动语态句子中的by短语并不总是表示动作执行者。Apolicemanisknownbytheclotheshewears.警察可以通过他的服装辨认出来。(by表示方式)Hewasmuchflatteredbyheraskinghimtodinner.她邀请他吃晚饭，他受宠若惊了。(by表示原因)Thesnowwaspiledhighbythegate.门口雪堆积得很高。(by表示地点)Part022023被动语态的用法被动语态的用法TheuseofpassivevoiceScientistssaythatworkisdonewheneveraforcemoves.科学家们说，力移动时就做了功。Howisthiswordpronounced这个单词怎么发音?Afterwar,everythinghadbeendestroyed.战争结束后，一切都被毁坏了。英语中，大多数情况下用主动语态比较简练、有力。但是，被动语态也有其特殊的用途，它也是表达思想、描述事物的需要。人们通常在下列情况下使用被动语态:（一）不知道或不必说出动作的执行者AgreaternumberofmagicEnglishbookswillbe

publishednextyear.明年将有更多的魔法英语书出版。被动语态的用法TheuseofpassivevoiceAnewHopeSchoolwillbeopenedinourvillage.我们家乡将开办一所新的希望学校。(强调anewHopeSchool)Ifyoubreaktheschoolrules,youwillbepunished.如果你违反校规，你将受到惩罚。(强调you)Sheislikedbyeverybody.大家都喜欢她。英语中，大多数情况下用主动语态比较简练、有力。但是，被动语态也有其特殊的用途，它也是表达思想、描述事物的需要。人们通常在下列情况下使用被动语态:（二）强调动作的承受者XiaoLiwaselectedmonitoroftheclass.小李被选为班长。被动语态的用法TheuseofpassivevoiceWewereshockedbythenewsofhisdeath.我们听到他的死讯极为震惊。Thebridgewaswashedawaybytheflood.桥被洪水冲走了。英语中，大多数情况下用主动语态比较简练、有力。但是，被动语态也有其特殊的用途，它也是表达思想、描述事物的需要。人们通常在下列情况下使用被动语态:（三）动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物Manyaccidentswerecausedbycarelessdriving.许多事故都是开车不小心造成的。被动语态的用法TheuseofpassivevoiceTheoldprofessorgavealectureonAmericanhistoryandwaswellreceived.这位老教授作了一个有关美国历史的讲座，受到大家的热烈欢迎。Heappearedonthestageandwaswarmlyapplaudedbytheaudience.他出现在舞台上，受到了观众的热烈鼓掌。英语中，大多数情况下用主动语态比较简练、有力。但是，被动语态也有其特殊的用途，它也是表达思想、描述事物的需要。人们通常在下列情况下使用被动语态:（四）修辞的需要，为了使句子更加简练、匀称IwasshownroundtheschoolcampusbySean,whohadenteredtheschooljustayearbefore.肖恩带我参观了校园，他去年刚进这所学校。被动语态的用法TheuseofpassivevoiceEverybodyisexpectedtoobeythefollowingrules.希望大家遵守以下规定。You'vebeentoldmanytimesnottomakethesamemistake.你已被多次告知不要犯同样的错误。英语中，大多数情况下用主动语态比较简练、有力。但是，被动语态也有其特殊的用途，它也是表达思想、描述事物的需要。人们通常在下列情况下使用被动语态:（五）为了表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作执行者或说话者自己Thecontrolroommaynotbeenteredwithoutpermission.非经许可，勿入控制室。被动语态的用法TheuseofpassivevoiceThewest-eastgaspipelineprojectwaskickedoffonJuly4,abigeventinthenation'swestdevelo