Chapters-19-20-英国文学简史(English-Literature)

KeyPointsinChapter17ArthurHughCloughGerardManleyHopkinsEdwardFitzgeraldTheAestheticMovementKeyPointsinChapter17Arthur1ArthurHughClough

(1819-1861)

IntroductionTheshepherdpoetinMathewArnold’selegy,Thyrsis,CloughwasoneofArnold’sclosestfriendsintemperamentandsensitivity.HewrotethebestkindofhexametersinEnglishpoetry.Allhislifehewastornbetweenfaithanddoubt.Thepeoplearehopelessandbelief-less.Thereisnoheavenorhell.So“Eat,drink,anddie.”Majorworks:Dipsychus,“SayNotStruggleNoughtAvaileth”ArthurHughClough

(1819-1861)2GerardManleyHopkins

(1844-1889)

IntroductionIHeprovedhimselftobeoneofthefinestVictorianpoetsbothinvirtuosityandinnovativeenthusiasm.Todayinterestinhispoetryandthoughtisvisiblyontheincrease.Hopkinswasoddandobscure.Hisepic-lengthTheWreckoftheDeutschlandisdifficultbutranksalongwithIdyllsoftheKingandTheRingandtheBook.Hewroteinhiskindofrhythmwhichhecalledthe“sprungrhythm.”GerardManleyHopkins

(1844-183Chapters-19-20--英国文学简史ppt(English-Literature)4Chapters-19-20--英国文学简史ppt(English-Literature)5TheAestheticMovement

IntroductionIIThemoralaestheticoftheperiodbecamewithtimetoodemandingforthoseintellectuallysensitivepeople.TheAestheticMovementwastheexactoppositeinnaturetotheheavilydidactictendencyoftheearlyandHighVictorianperiod.ThemovementrepresentstheperplexedreactiononthepartofthethinkingmindstothehumdrumanddishonestcivilizationoftheVictorianperiodandanattempttoescapefromit.JohnRuskinwasamongthefirsttospeakoutagainsttheprevailingtrend.TheAestheticMovement

Introdu6TheAestheticMovement

IntroductionIIIAgroupofyoungpeoplewithpoet-painterDanteGabrielRossettiasitschiefformedthemselvesin1848whattheycalledthePre-RaphaeliteBrotherhoodandjoinedthefightforbeauty.Thesocalled“Pre-Raphaelite”means“theperiodbeforetheRenaissance”orthemedievalperiodwhenpureartwasnotonlytoleratedbutprized.Allthroughthe1870sthecultofbeautybecameafactoflife.Thetheoryofartforart’ssakeappeared.TheAestheticMovement

Introdu7TheAestheticMovement

IntroductionIVThenOscarWilde,aneccentricyoungmanappearedonthesceneandpushedtheaestheticmovementinadifferentdirectionwhichledtoitsphaseofdecadenceandeventualdoom.Forhimartwasindependentandsuperior.Hewroteinkeepingwithhisliterarytheorythatartwasallaboutself-expressionandself-indulgenceinaestheticappetiteandhadnothingtodowithmorality.However,hiswasamorbidkindofbeauty.Decadencewashishallmark.TheAestheticMovement

Introdu8TheAestheticMovement

IntroductionVThemovementhasleftapermanentimprintuponEnglishlifeandartisticcreation.Theideaofbeautyhasbeennotonlytoleratedbutwellprizedeversince.Artistshavebecomeaspecialcategoryofpeopleandartandformhaveceasedtobealwayssecondtomorality.TheAestheticMovement

Introdu9KeyPointsinChapter18VictorianDramaGeorgeBernardShawIntroductionMrs.Warren’sProfessionManandSuperman:AComedyandaPhilosophyKeyPointsinChapter18Victor10VictorianDrama

IntroductionForthefirsthalfofthe19thcenturythestagesawnoremarkableperformancewiththeoneexceptionofShelley’sTheCenci(钦契一家

).Englishdramadidnotshowsignsofimprovementuntilafterthe1860swhensomecommendablethoughmodesteffortsbegantoappear.ButBritishdramadidnotquiteregainitsvalueuntilGeorgeBernardShawcameonthescene.VictorianDrama

Introduction11GeorgeBernardShaw(1856-1950)

IntroductionIHewontheNobelPrizein1925.HetookanimmenseinterestintheexplorationofmaninrelationtohiseconomicstatusinKarlMarx’sCapital,whichofferedhimaguidelineforunderstandingandanalyzingreality,andfromwhichhederive3dhislifelongbeliefthattheeconomicstatusofapersonisadeterminingfactorofhislife.ShawwasalsoundertheinfluenceofLesterWard,theAmericansociologistandhisnotionoftheLifeForce,andofSchopenhauerandNietzsche,thepessimisticGermanphilosophers,andhewasasincerefollowerofHenrickIbsenwhoseplaysdealtwithsocialproblems.GeorgeBernardShaw(1856-195012GeorgeBernardShawIntroductionIIInhisopinionagoodplayisgoodnotsomuchbecauseitsplotpiquestherestlesscuriosityofitsaudienceasbecauseoftheconflictofideasthatitpresentstoprovokethinking.Tohim,noplaycanbeseriouswithoutseriousdiscussionsofgraveproblemsoflife.InmorethanonewayShawisasocialiconoclast.GeorgeBernardShawIntroductio13GeorgeBernardShawMrs.Warren’sProfessionThedramaisthemostremarkableandpopularofShaw’searlyworks.Publishedin1893,itdidnotmaketothestageuntil1902.censorshipprohibiteditspublicperformanceongroundsofimmorality.Theplay,thefirstofitskindtopresentaprostituteasitsmajorcharacter.Outlineofthestory:Mrs.KittyWarrenisanagingbutwell-offmadamwhorunsaringofbrothels—primlycalled“private”hotels—inEurope.HerdaughterVivie,educatedatCambridge,looksforwardtoasuccessfulcareerinactuarialaccounting.Whenshelearnedabouthermother’sbusiness,sheleavesherforever.Georg