安大语言学试卷

安徽大学外语学院2009—2010学年第1学期及答案《英语语言学》考试试卷A卷（闭卷时间120分钟）

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专业

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题号一二三四五六七总分得分

第一部分选择题I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)1.Saussure’sdistinctionandChomsky’sareverysimilar,buttheydifferinthat____________.A.SaussuretookasociologicalviewoflanguagewhileChomskytookapsychologicalpointofviewB.SaussuretookapsychologicalviewoflanguagewhileChomskytookasociologicalpointofviewC.SaussuretookapragmaticviewoflanguagewhileChomskytookasemanticpointofviewD.SaussuretookastructuralviewoflanguagewhileChomskytookapragmaticpointofview2.Languageisasystemof____________vocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.A.unnatural

B.artificial

C.superficial

D.arbitrary3.Wearebornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage,_______________.A.andthedetailsofanylanguagesystemaregeneticallytransmitteB.therefore,weneedn’tlearnthedetailsofourmothertongueC.butthedetailsoflanguagehavetobelearnt.D.andthedetailsareacquiredbyinstinct4.A(n)________isaphonologicalunitofdistinctivevalue.Itisacollectionofdistinctivephoneticfeatures.A.phone

B.allophone

C.phoneme

D.sound5.Themorpheme–edintheword“worked”isa(n)__________morpheme.A.derivational

B.inflectional

C.free

D.word-forming6.WH-movementis__________inEnglishwhichchangesasentencefromaffirmativetointerrogative.A.obligatory

B.optional

C.selectional

D.arbitrary7.Namingtheory,oneoftheoldestnotionsconcerningmeaning,wasproposedby_____________.A.Grice

B.Plato

C.Saussure

D.OgdenandRichards8.“Johnmarriedablondheiress.”__________“Johnmarriedablond.”A.issynonymouswith

B.isinconsistentwith

C.entails

D.presupposes9.Insemanticanalysisofasentence,thebasicunitiscalled____________,whichistheabstractionofthemeaningofasentence.A.utterance

B.reference

C.predication

D.morpheme10.InAustin’sspeechacttheory,___________istheactofexpressingthespeaker’sintention;itistheactperformedinsayingsomething.I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%X10=20%)1.A

2.D

3.C

4.C

5.B

6.A

7.B

8.C

9.C

10.D第二部分非选择题II.Directions:Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%X10=10%)11.Psycholinguistics12.diachronic13.duality14.oral15.lateralization16.Suprasegmental17.recursive18.Homonymy19.protolanguage20.communityIII.Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.(2%X10=20%)(T)21.Linguistsbelievethatwhateveroccursinthelanguagepeopleuseshouldbedescribedandanalyzedintheirinvestigation.(T)22.Languageisarbitraryinthesensethatthereisnointrinsicconnectionbetweenwordsandwhatthesewordsactuallyreferto.(F)23.Theconclusionswereachaboutthephonologyofonelanguagecanbegeneralizedintothestudyofanotherlanguage.(F)24.Themeaning-distinctivefunctionofthetoneisespeciallyimportantinEnglishbecauseEnglish,unlikeChinese,isatypicaltonelanguage.(T)25.Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguagearefiniteinnumber,andyetthereisnolimittothenumberofsentencesnativespeakersofthatlanguageareabletoproduceandcomprehend.(F)26.Whenwethinkofaconcept,weactuallytrytoseetheimageofsomethinginourmind’seyeeverytimewecomeacrossalinguisticsymbol.(F)27.Allutterancescanberestoredtocompletesentences.Forexample,“Goodmorning!”canberestoredto“Iwishyouagoodmorning.”(T)28.Twopeoplewhoarebornandbroughtupinthesametownandspeakthesameregionaldialectmayspeakdifferentlybecauseofanumberofsocialfactors.(F)29.BlackEnglishislinguisticallyinferiortostandardEnglishbecauseBlackEnglishisnotassystematicasstandardEnglish.(T)30.Anychildwhoiscapableofacquiringsomeparticularhumanlanguageiscapableofacquiringanyhumanlanguagespontaneouslyandeffortlessly.IV.Directions:Explainthefollowingterms.(3%X10=30%)31.parole:Itreferstotherealizationoflangueinactualuse.Itisconcreteandvarieswithcontext.32.Broadtranscriptionisthetranscriptionwithlettersymbolsonly.Itisthetranscriptionnormallyusedindictionariesandteachingtextbooks.33.Allophonesarethedifferentphonesthatrepresentaphonemeindifferentphoneticenvironments.34.Phrasestructurerulesaretherewriteruleswhichallowforthepossiblecombinationofwordstoformphrasesandsentences.35.Contextisgenerallyconsideredasconstitutedbytheknowledgesharedbythespeakerandthehearer.36.Historicallinguisticsstudieslanguagechange(orhistoricaldevelopmentoflanguage).37.Standardlanguageisasuperposed,sociallyprestigiousdialectoflanguage.Itisthelanguageemployedbythegovernmentandthejudiciarysystem,usedbythemassmediaandtaughtineducationalinstitutions.38.Linguistictabooreferstoawordorexpressionthatisprohibitedbythe“polite”societyfromgeneraluse.39.Acculturationisaprocessofadaptingtothecultureandvaluesystemofthesecondlanguagecommunity.40.Itissimpleandmodifiedspeechusedbyparents,baby-sitter,etc.whentheytalktoyoungchildrenwhoareacquiringtheirnativelanguage.V.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%X2=20%)41.Enumeratethreecausesthatleadtothesystematicoccurrenceoferrorsinsecondlanguageacquisitionandgiveyourexamples.1)Mothertongueinterference2)interlingualinterference3)Overgeneralization42.Englishhasundergone