Unit+3+Back+to+the+past+Grammar Usage译林牛津英语选择性必修第三册

Grammar&Usage详解课件新译林2020版

选必三Unit3Backtothepast一、价值引领，素养导向

导

1._______LucyfoundmostdifficultaboutlearningChinesewashowshecouldpronounceitright.2._______MrZhanglivesisnearaschool.3.Itishardtobelieve______theoldscientiststillworksveryhardinhiseighties.4._________hewillvisitourschoolornottomorrowisstillnotdecidedyet.What

Where

Whether

that

在复合句中作表语的从句叫做表语从句。位于主句的系动词之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。表语从句须用陈述语序。e.g.Thequestioniswhobrokethevase.Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.PredicativeClauses(表语从句)连系动词状态类:

be,seem,appear,keep,remain,stay…变化类:become,get,turn,grow,fall,come,go…感官类:look,smell,taste,sound,feel…表语从句的引导词连接词连词在从句中不作成分that,whether,asif,asthough,because…连接代词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等what,who,whom,whose,which,whatever,whoever,whichever…连接副词在从句中作状语when,where,how,why…二、任务驱动，问题导学

思Task1:Readthecontentsonyourlearningsheet.Task2:underlinethepredicativeclausesTask3:findoutallthepredicativeclausesfromagivenpassageandworkouttherules.三、合作探究，展示质疑

议、展1.Whowillwintheprizeisnotknown.2.IamthinkingaboutwhetherIshouldfurthermystudy.3.Youaresayingthateverythingshouldbeequal,andthatiswhereIagree.4.Idon’tknownwhetherJackhaspassedtheexamination.5.Themeeting’sdecisionisthatallworkersshouldworkthreemorehourseveryday.6.IhavenoideawhichuniversityIshallapplyfor.7.Thathishairwasturninggrayworriedhimalot.8.Thereasonisthatheistoocareless.9.Hetalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.10.Thebesttimeofayeariswhenwearefreefromworkandhavetometorelax.议、展11.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.12.Goandgetyourcoat.It’swhereyouleftit.13.Ihavenodoubtwhetherheisagoodperson.14.WhatIwanttoknowishowherealizedhisdream.15.Moneyiswhatwearebadlyinneedof.议、展表语从句要点归纳1.表语从句须用陈述语序。

e.g.Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaristhatitcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.2.that引导表语从句时,在句中只起连接作用,不充当句子成分,无实际意义,一般不能省略。

e.g.Mypointisthatyoumayhavetofacetheproblem.3.whether引导表语从句时，起连接作用，意为“是否，到底”，在句中不作任何成分。if不能引导表语从句。

e.g.Thequestioniswhetheryourunclewillofferhelptous.4.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever等在从句中当主语、宾语、表语或定语，本身具有词义。

e.g.Myhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.

Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.

that/whatwhat1)Thecityisnolonger______itwastenyearsago.2)Thefactis_____weshoulddependonourselves.thatthecitythat=

_______surprisedmemostwas_____hespokeSpanishsofluently.thatWhat5.连接副词where,when,why,how等在从句中分别充当地点、时间、原因、方式状语，本身具有词义。

e.g.Thequestioniswhentheywillstarttheproject.

ThisiswhyhespokeFrenchsofunnily.

That’swherethebattletookplace.

That’showmattersstand.6.Thatisbecause...

指原因或理由；

Thatiswhy...

则指由于某种原因所造成的后果。

e.g.Brucedidnotwatchthegamelastnight.Thatwasbecausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.

Bobhadseenthefilmbefore.Thatwaswhyhedidnotseeityesterday.

because/whybecause1)Hefailedthemathexam.That’s__________hewastoocareless.2)Hewastoocareless.That’s______hefailedthemathexam.whyThereason_____hewasabsentfromthemeetingwas_____hefellillsuddenly.thatwhy7.需使用虚拟语气的表语从句

在advice,suggestion,order,proposal等表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。

e.g.Myadvice

isthatwe(should)learnthenewwordsfirstandthenthegrammar.asif/asthough似乎，好像

1)Itsoundsasifsomeoneisknockingatthedoor.2)Atthattime,itseemedasthoughIcouldn’tthinkoftherightword.听上去好像有人在敲门。3)Lookatthedarkclouds.Itlooksasifthereisastormcoming.4)Itlooksasifsheweredrunk.5)Itappearsasifhehadn’tmether.当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。（与事实相符）（与事实相反，事实是她未醉）（与事实相反，事实是他见过她）用正确的连接词完成下面短文。Ratsliveindarkanddirtyplaces,andcanspreaddisease.Thatis1.__________lotsofpeopledislikethem.Itlooks2._______________theirvalueishardtofind—otherthanasananimalmodelforstudyinghumanillness.Butratshavemoretoshare.Thecontentsoftheirnestscanteachusaboutthepeopletheyliveamong.Afterall,wherepeoplego,ratstendtofollow.

why

asif/asthough

ColonialWilliamsburgisapopulartouristdestinationinVirginia,theUS.Manyofitsbuildingswerebuiltinthelate1700s.WhenthefirstEuropeanscametoVirginia,blackratsfollowedandbuiltnestsinthewallsofpeople'shomes.Thesenestsare3.__________historianscanfindinformationaboutearlysettlerstolearnaboutthepast.OnegoodexamplecomesfromOrrellHouse.Afamilyofratsbuiltanestbehindastaircase(楼梯)inthebuilding.where

ThatratnestremainedhiddenfromeveryoneuntilJanuary2021.That's4.__________Websterandhisteam,whohelptopreservethesebuildings,openedthestaircaseandfoundthetreasureinit.“Therewerebuttons,pins(大头针)andlotsofthread(线),”Webstersays.“Itseems5.__________________theOrrellfamilyweretailors.”Butthenest'sobjectssaymoreaboutthefamilythantheirwork.whenthat/asif/asthoughTheyhelphistoriansfindoutwhattheearlysettlerscouldmakeandproduceforthemselves—andwhattheyhadtoimport.Thebestpartaboutratsis6.__________theytendtorangeonlyabout45metersfromtheirnest.Soanythingtheratsstolewaseitherinthehouseorveryclosetoit.Itisinterestingtothinkthattheselittlecreaturesarestealingthingsandsafeguardingthemforustofindlater.that

【注意】a.表语从句要用_______语序；b.if不用来引导表语从句，表“是否”时，用__________；c.表语从句可由asif/asthough引导。d.在表示提议、建议、命令、要求等含义的词语后的表语从句中，谓语动词：should+动词原形，should可省。egMysuggestionisthathe(should)adapthimselftohisnewcondition.陈述whether

评、拓WhatdoyouknowaboutthegreathistorianSimaQian?Bornineither145or135BCE,duringChina’sHandynasty,SimaQianis“thefatherofChinesehistory”.SimaQianwroteShiJi,

orRecordsoftheGrandHistorian.Lead-inWesternscholarscanfurtherunderstandChineseculturethroughtheEnglishversionofShiji,andthepublicationoftheEnglishversioninChinacanalsoenableChinesescholarstopayattentiontothestudyoftheEnglishtranslationofShiji,thusdeepeningthecommunicationbetweenChineseandWesterncivilizations.Lead-in对......感兴趣周游全国获取广泛的信息继他父亲之后成为太史令

方便他接触......整理可用的资源UsefulExpressionstakeaninterestin...travelextensivelyacrossthecountrygetawiderangeofinformationsucceedhisfatherasGrandHistorianfacilitatehisaccessto...sortoutavailableresources需要艰苦的努力有效且高效地继续某事被关进监狱身体上和精神上无论顺境还是逆境UsefulExpressionsrequirepainstakingeffortseffectivelyandefficientlycarryonwith...beputinprisonphysicallyandmentallyingoodtimesorbadtimesSimaQian,oneofthegreatesthistoriansinChinesehistory,wasbornineither145or135BCE.Influencedbyhisfather,whowasalsoahistorian,SimaQiantookaninterestinhistorywhenhewasachild.HelearntChineseclassicsfromgreatliterarymasters,andattheageof20,hebegantravellingextensivelyacrossthecountry.Heinterviewedthelocalpeopletogetawiderangeofinformation.BelowisanessayonthegreathistorianSimaQian.Findthesentenceswithpredicativeclausesandfillintheboxbelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.Exploringtherules议、展Learningandtravellingwereexactlywhathelpedhiminhislatercareerasahistorian.Hisfather’sdreamwasthatonedayhecouldwriteagreatmasterpiecerecordingwhathadhappenedinhistory.Afterhisfatherdied,SimaQiansucceededhisfatherasGrandHistorian,whichfacilitatedhisaccesstoofficialbooksandfiles.However,hisworkproveddifficult,becausesortingoutalltheavailableresourcesandcheckingfactsofhistoricalmaterialsrequiredpainstakingefforts.Hischiefconcernwaswhetherhecoulddohisjobmoreeffectivelyandefficiently.议、展Ashecarriedonwithhiswork,somethingawfulhappenedtoSimaQian.Hewasputinprison,wherehesufferedalotofpainphysicallyandmentally.However,hewasnotdefeated.Heneverforgotabouthisfather’sdream,ingoodtimesorbadtimes.Aftermorethantenyearsofhardwork,theShiji(RecordsoftheGrandHistorian),hismasterpiece,wascompleted.议、展Readtheessayagainandfindthesentenceswithpredicativeclauses.Learningandtravellingwereexactlywhathelpedhiminhislatercareerasahistorian.表语从句引导词

ExploringtherulesHisfather’sdreamwasthatonedayhecouldwriteagreatmasterpiecerecordingwhathadhappenedinhistory.Hischiefconcernwaswhetherhecoulddohisjobmoreeffectivelyandefficiently.表语从句引导词表语从句引导词•Wecanuseanounclauseasthepredicativeofasentence.•Wecanusethattointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(1)_____________.Wecanusewhethertointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(2)________________.Wecanusewhat,why,when,where,etc.tointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(3)______________.statementWorkingouttherulesyes-noquestionwh-questionApplyingtherulesB1Completethesentenceswithproperlinkingwordstoformpredicativeclauses.1.Igotsixbooksfromthelibrary.Thequestionis_______oneIshouldreadfirst!

2.Thetruthis_______therearemanyreasonswhywarsbreakout.whichthat3.Wehavemadeitarulethatvisitorsmustnottouchthechinavases.Theproblemis_______somevisitorsdonotpayattentiontoit.that五、素养落地，感悟提升

用4.Themuseumwasclosed.Thatwas_______wecouldn’tseethehistoricaldocuments.why5.Thetwohistoriansdisagreewitheachother.Thequestionis_______itispossibletoprovewhoisright.whether6.Besideshavingthehistoryclassesatschool,wealsovisithistoricdestinations.Thatis_______welearnaboutimportanteventsinhistory.howB2BelowisanarticleaboutShiji.Completethearticlewithproperlinkingwordstoformpredicativeclauses.InthefirstcenturyBCE,SimaQiancompletedtheShiji,whichdescribeshistoricaleventsandfiguresfromtheeraoftheYellowEmperorinancientlegendstohisowntime.Totalingover520,000Chinesecharactersandextendingoveraperiodofabout3,000years,theShiji

consistsof130chaptersinfivecategories.Whatmakesthisbookremarkableincontentis(1)______itnotonlyincludesvividdescriptionsofhistoricalfiguressuchasemperors,thatministersorotherexceptionalfigures,butalsolistsimportanteventsindifferentperiods.Anotherthingtonoteis(2)_______itcoversadvancesinastronomy,music,thecalendarandsoon.OneofthemainfeaturesoftheShijiis(3)_______thebiographiesarepresented-intheformofstoriesratherthandryfacts.SimaQianwasabletouseasmallnumberofwordstodescribea