马丁·路德·金英文演讲：我已达至峰顶

本文格式为Word版下载后可任意编辑和复制第第页马丁·路德·金英文演讲：我已达至峰顶马丁·路德·金是闻名的美国民权运动领袖，今日我给大家共享一篇马丁路德金在临死前一天的精彩演讲，盼望对大家有所关心。

马丁·路德·金英文演讲：我已达至峰顶

Thankyouverykindly,myfriends.AsIlistenedtoRalphAbernathyandhiseloquentandgenerousintroductionandthenthoughtaboutmyself,Iwonderedwhohewastalkingabout.It'salwaysgoodtohaveyourclosestfriendandassociatetosaysomethinggoodaboutyou.AndRalphAbernathyisthebestfriendthatIhaveintheworld.I'mdelightedtoseeeachofyouheretonightinspiteofastormwarning.Yourevealthatyouaredeterminedtogoonanyhow.

SomethingishappeninginMemphis;somethingishappeninginourworld.Andyouknow,ifIwerestandingatthebeginningoftime,withthepossibilityoftakingakindofgeneralandpanoramicviewofthewholeofhumanhistoryuptonow,andtheAlmightysaidtome,"MartinLutherKing,whichagewouldyouliketolivein?"IwouldtakemymentalflightbyEgyptandIwouldwatchGod'schildrenintheirmagnificenttrekfromthedarkdungeonsofEgyptthrough,orratheracrosstheRedSea,throughthewildernessontowardthepromisedland.Andinspiteofitsmagnificence,Iwouldn'tstopthere.

IwouldmoveonbyGreeceandtakemymindtoMountOlympus.AndIwouldseePlato,Aristotle,Socrates,EuripidesandAristophanesassembledaroundtheParthenon.AndIwouldwatchthemaroundtheParthenonastheydiscussedthegreatandeternalissuesofreality.ButIwouldn'tstopthere.

Iwouldgoon,eventothegreatheydayoftheRomanEmpire.AndIwouldseedevelopmentsaroundthere,throughvariousemperorsandleaders.ButIwouldn'tstopthere.

IwouldevencomeuptothedayoftheRenaissance,andgetaquickpictureofallthattheRenaissancedidfortheculturalandaestheticlifeofman.ButIwouldn'tstopthere.

IwouldevengobythewaythatthemanforwhomIamnamedhadhishabitat.AndIwouldwatchMartinLutherashetackedhisninety-fivethesesonthedooratthechurchofWittenberg.ButIwouldn'tstopthere.

Iwouldcomeonupevento1863,andwatchavacillatingPresidentbythenameofAbrahamLincolnfinallycometotheconclusionthathehadtosigntheEmancipationProclamation.ButIwouldn'tstopthere.

Iwouldevencomeuptotheearlythirties,andseeamangrapplingwiththeproblemsofthebankruptcyofhisnation.Andcomewithaneloquentcrythatwehavenothingtofearbut"fearitself."ButIwouldn'tstopthere.

Strangelyenough,IwouldturntotheAlmighty,andsay,"Ifyouallowmetolivejustafewyearsinthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury,Iwillbehappy."

Nowthat'sastrangestatementtomake,becausetheworldisallmessedup.Thenationissick.Troubleisintheland;confusionallaround.That'sastrangestatement.ButIknow,somehow,thatonlywhenitisdarkenoughcanyouseethestars.AndIseeGodworkinginthisperiodofthetwentiethcenturyinawaythatmen,insomestrangeway,areresponding.

Somethingishappeninginourworld.Themassesofpeoplearerisingup.Andwherevertheyareassembledtoday,whethertheyareinJohannesburg,SouthAfrica;Nairobi,Kenya;Accra,Ghana;NewYorkCity;Atlanta,Georgia;Jackson,Mississippi;orMemphis,Tennessee--thecryisalwaysthesame:"Wewanttobefree."

AndanotherreasonthatI'mhappytoliveinthisperiodisthatwehavebeenforcedtoapointwherewearegoingtohavetograpplewiththeproblemsthatmenhavebeentryingtograpplewiththroughhistory,butthedemandsdidn'tforcethemtodoit.Survivaldemandsthatwegrapplewiththem.Men,foryearsnow,havebeentalkingaboutwarandpeace.Butnow,nolongercantheyjusttalkaboutit.Itisnolongerachoicebetweenviolenceandnonviolenceinthisworld;it'snonviolenceornonexistence.Thatiswherewearetoday.

Andalsointhehumanrightsrevolution,ifsomethingisn'tdone,anddoneinahurry,tobringthecoloredpeoplesoftheworldoutoftheirlongyearsofpoverty,theirlongyearsofhurtandneglect,thewholeworldisdoomed.Now,I'mjusthappythatGodhasallowedmetoliveinthisperiodtoseewhatisunfolding.AndI'mhappythatHe'sallowedmetobeinMemphis.

Icanremember--IcanrememberwhenNegroeswerejustgoingaroundasRalphhassaid,sooften,scratchingwheretheydidn'titch,andlaughingwhentheywerenottickled.Butthatdayisallover.Wemeanbusinessnow,andwearedeterminedtogainourrightfulplaceinGod'sworld.

Andthat'sallthiswholethingisabout.Wearen'tengagedinanynegativeprotestandinanynegativeargumentswithanybody.Wearesayingthatwearedeterminedtobemen.Wearedeterminedtobepeople.Wearesaying--WearesayingthatweareGod'schildren.AndthatweareGod'schildren,wedon'thavetolivelikeweareforcedtolive.

Now,whatdoesallofthismeaninthisgreatperiodofhistory?Itmeansthatwe'vegottostaytogether.We'vegottostaytogetherandmaintainunity.Youknow,wheneverPharaohwantedtoprolongtheperiodofslaveryinEgypt,hehadafavorite,favoriteformulafordoingit.Whatwasthat?Hekepttheslavesfightingamongthemselves.Butwhenevertheslavesgettogether,somethinghappensinPharaoh'scourt,andhecannotholdtheslavesinslavery.Whentheslavesgettogether,that'sthebeginningofgettingoutofslavery.Nowletusmaintainunity.

Secondly,letuskeeptheissueswheretheyare.Theissueisinjustice.TheissueistherefusalofMemphistobefairandhonestinitsdealingswithitspublicservants,whohappentobesanitationworkers.Now,we'vegottokeepattentiononthat.That'salwaystheproblemwithalittleviolence.Youknowwhathappenedtheotherday,andthepressdealtonlywiththewindow-breaking.Ireadthearticles.Theyveryseldomgotaroundtomentioningthefactthatonethousand,threehundredsanitationworkersareonstrike,andthatMemphisisnotbeingfairtothem,andthatMayorLoebisindireneedofadoctor.Theydidn'tgetaroundtothat.

Nowwe'regoingtomarchagain,andwe'vegottomarchagain,inordertoputtheissuewhereitissupposedtobe--andforceeverybodytoseethattherearethirteenhundredofGod'schildrenheresuffering,sometimesgoinghungry,goingthroughdarkanddrearynightswonderinghowthisthingisgoingtocomeout.That'stheissue.Andwe'vegottosaytothenation:Weknowhowit'scomingout.Forwhenpeoplegetcaughtupwiththatwhichisrightandtheyarewillingtosacrificeforit,thereisnostoppingpointshortofvictory.

Wearen'tgoingtoletanymacestopus.Wearemastersinournonviolentmovementindisarmingpoliceforces;theydon'tknowwhattodo.I'veseenthemsooften.IrememberinBirmingham,Alabama,whenwewereinthatmajesticstrugglethere,wewouldmoveoutofthe16thStreetBaptistChurchdayafterday;bythehundredswewouldmoveout.AndBullConnorwouldtellthemtosendthedogsforth,andtheydidcome;butwejustwentbeforethedogssinging,"Ain'tgonnaletnobodyturnmearound."

BullConnornextwouldsay,"Turnthefirehoseson."AndasIsaidtoyoutheothernight,BullConnordidn'tknowhistory.Heknewakindofphysicsthatsomehowdidn'trelatetothetransphysicsthatweknewabout.Andthatwasthefactthattherewasacertainkindoffirethatnowatercouldputout.Andwewentbeforethefirehoses;wehadknownwater.IfwewereBaptistorsomeotherdenominations,wehadbeenimmersed.IfwewereMethodist,andsomeothers,wehadbeensprinkled,butweknewwater.Thatcouldn'tstopus.

Andwejustwentonbeforethedogsandwewouldlookatthem;andwe'dgoonbeforethewaterhosesandwewouldlookatit,andwe'djustgoonsinging"OvermyheadIseefreedomintheair."Andthenwewouldbethrowninthepaddywagons,andsometimeswewerestackedintherelikesardinesinacan.Andtheywouldthrowusin,andoldBullwouldsay,"Take'emoff,"andtheydid;andwewouldjustgointhepaddywagonsinging,"WeShallOvercome."Andeverynowandthenwe'dgetinjail,andwe'dseethejailerslookingthroughthewindowsbeingmovedbyourprayers,andbeingmovedbyourwordsandoursongs.AndtherewasapowertherewhichBullConnorcouldn'tadjustto;andsoweendeduptransformingBullintoasteer,andwewonourstruggleinBirmingham.Nowwe'vegottogooninMemphisjustlikethat.IcalluponyoutobewithuswhenwegooutMonday.

Nowaboutinjunctions:Wehaveaninjunctionandwe'regoingintocourttomorrowmorningtofightthisillegal,unconstitutionalinjunction.AllwesaytoAmericais,"Betruetowhatyousaidonpaper."IfIlivedinChinaorevenRussia,oranytotalitariancountry,maybeIcouldunderstandsomeoftheseillegalinjunctions.MaybeIcouldunderstandthedenialofcertainbasicFirstAmendmentprivileges,becausetheyhadn'tcommittedthemselvestothatoverthere.ButsomewhereIreadofthefreedomofassembly.SomewhereIreadofthefreedomofspeech.SomewhereIreadofthefreedomofpress.SomewhereIreadthatthegreatnessofAmericaistherighttoprotestforright.AndsojustasIsay,wearen'tgoingtoletdogsorwaterhosesturnusaround,wearen'tgoingtoletanyinjunctionturnusaround.Wearegoingon.

Weneedallofyou.Andyouknowwhat'sbeautifultomeistoseealloftheseministersoftheGospel.It'samarvelouspicture.Whoisitthatissupposedtoarticulatethelongingsandaspirationsofthepeoplemorethanthepreacher?Somehowthepreachermusthaveakindoffireshutupinhisbones.Andwheneverinjusticeisaroundhetellit.SomehowthepreachermustbeanAmos,andsaith,"WhenGodspeakswhocanbutprophesy?"AgainwithAmos,"Letjusticerolldownlikewatersandrighteousnesslikeamightystream."SomehowthepreachermustsaywithJesus,"TheSpiritoftheLordisuponme,becausehehathanointedme,"andhe'sanointedmetodealwiththeproblemsofthepoor."

AndIwanttocommendthepreachers,undertheleadershipofthesenoblemen:JamesLawson,onewhohasbeeninthisstruggleformanyyears;he'sbeentojailforstruggling;he'sbeenkickedoutofVanderbiltUniversityforthisstruggle,buthe'sstillgoingon,fightingfortherightsofhispeople.ReverendRalphJackson,BillyKiles;Icouldjustgorightondownthelist,buttimewillnotpermit.ButIwanttothankallofthem.AndIwantyoutothankthem,becausesooften,preachersaren'tconcernedaboutanythingbutthemselves.AndI'malwayshappytoseearelevantministry.

It'sallrighttotalkabout"longwhiterobesoveryonder,"inallofitssymbolism.Butultimatelypeoplewantsomesuitsanddressesandshoestoweardownhere!It'sallrighttotalkabout"streetsflowingwithmilkandhoney,"butGodhascommandedustobeconcernedabouttheslumsdownhere,andhischildrenwhocan'teatthreesquaremealsaday.It'sallrighttotalkaboutthenewJerusalem,butoneday,God'spreachermusttalkaboutthenewNewYork,thenewAtlanta,thenewPhiladelphia,thenewLosAngeles,thenewMemphis,Tennessee.Thisiswhatwehavetodo.

Nowtheotherthingwe'llhavetodoisthis:Alwaysanchorourexternaldirectactionwiththepowerofeconomicwithdrawal.Now,wearepoorpeople.Individually,wearepoorwhenyoucompareuswithwhitesocietyinAmerica.Wearepoor.Neverstopandforgetthatcollectively--thatmeansallofustogether--collectivelywearericherthanallthenationsintheworld,withtheexceptionofnine.Didyoueverthinkaboutthat?AfteryouleavetheUnitedStates,SovietRussia,GreatBritain,WestGermany,France,andIcouldnametheothers,theAmericanNegrocollectivelyisricherthanmostnationsoftheworld.Wehaveanannualincomeofmorethanthirtybilliondollarsayear,whichismorethanalloftheexportsoftheUnitedStates,andmorethanthenationalbudgetofCanada.Didyouknowthat?That'spowerrightthere,ifweknowhowtopoolit.

Wedon'thavetoarguewithanybody.Wedon'thavetocurseandgoaroundactingbadwithourwords.Wedon'tneedanybricksandbottles.Wedon'tneedanyMolotovcocktails.Wejustneedtogoaroundtothesestores,andtothesemassiveindustriesinourcountry,andsay,"Godsentusbyhere,tosaytoyouthatyou'renottreatinghischildrenright.Andwe'vecomebyheretoaskyoutomakethefirstitemonyouragendafairtreatment,whereGod'schildrenareconcerned.Now,ifyouarenotpreparedtodothat,wedohaveanagendathatwemustfollow.Andouragendacallsforwithdrawingeconomicsupportfromyou."

Andso,asaresultofthis,weareaskingyoutonight,togooutandtellyourneighborsnottobuyCoca-ColainMemphis.GobyandtellthemnottobuySealtestmilk.Tellthemnottobuy--whatistheotherbread?--WonderBread.Andwhatistheotherbreadcompany,Jesse?TellthemnottobuyHart'sbread.AsJesseJacksonhassaid,uptonow,onlythegarbagemenhavebeenfeelingpain;nowwemustkindofredistributethepain.Wearechoosingthesecompaniesbecausetheyhaven'tbeenfairintheirhiringpolicies;andwearechoosingthembecausetheycanbegintheprocessofsayingtheyaregoingtosupporttheneedsandtherightsofthesemenwhoareonstrike.Andthentheycanmoveontown--downtownandtellMayorLoebtodowhatisright.

Butnotonlythat,we'vegottostrengthenblackinstitutions.IcalluponyoutotakeyourmoneyoutofthebanksdowntownanddeposityourmoneyinTri-StateBank.Wewanta"bank-in"movementinMemphis.Gobythesavingsandloanassociation.I'mnotaskingyousomethingthatwedon'tdoourselvesatSCLC.JudgeHooksandotherswilltellyouthatwehaveanaccounthereinthesavingsandloanassociationfromtheSouthernChristianLeadershipConference.Wearetellingyoutofollowwhatwearedoing.Putyourmoneythere.YouhavesixorsevenblackinsurancecompanieshereinthecityofMemphis.Takeoutyourinsurancethere.Wewanttohavean"insurance-in."

Nowthesearesomepracticalthingsthatwecando.Webegintheprocessofbuildingagreatereconomicbase.Andatthesametime,weareputtingpressurewhereitreallyhurts.Iaskyoutofollowthroughhere.

Now,letmesayasImovetomyconclusionthatwe'vegottogiveourselvestothisstruggleuntiltheend.NothingwouldbemoretragicthantostopatthispointinMemphis.We'vegottoseeitthrough.Andwhenwehaveourmarch,youneedtobethere.Ifitmeansleavingwork,ifitmeansleavingschool--bethere.Beconcernedaboutyourbrother.Youmaynotbeonstrike.Buteitherwegouptogether,orwegodowntogether.

Letusdevelopakindofdangerousunselfishness.OnedayamancametoJesus,andhewantedtoraisesomequestionsaboutsomevitalmattersoflife.AtpointshewantedtotrickJesus,andshowhimthatheknewalittlemorethanJesusknewandthrowhimoffbase

Nowthatquestioncouldhaveeasilyendedupinaphilosophicalandtheologicaldebate.ButJesusimmediatelypulledthatquestionfrommid-air,andplaceditonadangerouscurvebetweenJerusalemandJericho.Andhetalkedaboutacertainman,whofellamongthieves.YourememberthataLeviteandapriestpassedbyontheotherside.Theydidn'tstoptohelphim.Andfinallyamanofanotherracecameby.Hegotdownfromhisbeast,decidednottobecompassionatebyproxy.Buthegotdownwithhim,administeredfirstaid,andhelpedthemaninneed.Jesusendedupsaying,thiswasthegoodman,thiswasthegreatman,becausehehadthecapacitytoprojectthe"I"intothe"thou,"andtobeconcernedabouthisbrother.

Nowyouknow,weuseourimaginationagreatdealtotrytodeterminewhythepriestandtheLevitedidn'tstop.Attimeswesaytheywerebusygoingtoachurchmeeting,anecclesiasticalgathering,andtheyhadtogetondowntoJerusalemsotheywouldn'tbelatefortheirmeeting.Atothertimeswewouldspeculatethattherewasareligiouslawthat"Onewhowasengagedinreligiousceremonialswasnottotouchahumanbodytwenty-fourhoursbeforetheceremony."AndeverynowandthenwebegintowonderwhethermaybetheywerenotgoingdowntoJerusalem--ordowntoJericho,rathertoorganizea"JerichoRoadImprovementAssociation."That'sapossibility.Maybetheyfeltthatitwasbettertodealwiththeproblemfromthecausalroot,ratherthantogetboggeddownwithanindividualeffect.

ButI'mgoingtotellyouwhatmyimaginationtellsme.It'spossiblethatthosemenwereafraid.Yousee,theJerichoroadisadangerousroad.IrememberwhenMrs.KingandIwerefirstinJerusalem.WerentedacaranddrovefromJerusalemdowntoJericho.Andassoonaswegotonthatroad,Isaidtomywife,"IcanseewhyJesususedthisasthesettingforhisparable."It'sawinding,meanderingroad.It'sreallyconduciveforambushing.YoustartoutinJerusalem,whichisabout1200miles--orrather1200feetabovesealevel.AndbythetimeyougetdowntoJericho,fifteenortwentyminuteslater,you'reabout2200feetbelowsealevel.That'sadangerousroad.InthedaysofJesusitcametobeknownasthe"BloodyPass."Andyouknow,it'spossiblethatthepriestandtheLevitelookedoverthatmanonthegroundandwonderediftherobberswerestillaround.Orit'spossiblethattheyfeltthatthemanonthegroundwasmerelyfaking.Andhewasactinglikehehadbeenrobbedandhurt,inordertoseizethemoverthere,lurethemthereforquickandeasyseizure.Andsothefirstquestionthatthepriestasked--thefirstquestionthattheLeviteaskedwas,"IfIstoptohelpthisman,whatwillhappentome?"ButthentheGoodSamaritancameby.Andhereversedthequestion:"IfIdonotstoptohelpthisman,whatwillhappentohim?"

That'sthequestionbeforeyoutonight.Not,"IfIstoptohelpthesanitationworkers,whatwillhappentomyjob.Not,"IfIstoptohelpthesanitationworkerswhatwillhappentoallofthehoursthatIusuallyspendinmyofficeeverydayandeveryweekasapastor?"Thequestionisnot,"IfIstoptohelpthismaninneed,whatwillhappentome?"Thequestionis,"IfIdonotstoptohelpthesanitationworkers,whatwillhappentothem?"That'sthequestion.

Letusriseuptonightwithagreaterreadiness.Letusstandwithagreaterdetermination.Andletusmoveoninthesepowerfuldays,thesedaysofchallengetomakeAmericawhatitoughttobe.WehaveanopportunitytomakeAmericaabetternation.AndIwanttothankGod,oncemore,forallowingmetobeherewithyou.

Youknow,severalyearsago,IwasinNewYorkCityautographingthefirstbookthatIhadwritten.Andwhilesittingthereautographingbooks,adementedblackwomancameup.TheonlyquestionIheardfromherwas,"AreyouMartinLutherKing?"AndIwaslookingdownwriting,andIsaid,"Yes."AndthenextminuteIfeltsomethingbeatingonmychest.BeforeIknewitIhadbeenstabbedbythisdementedwoman.IwasrushedtoHarlemHospital.ItwasadarkSaturdayafternoon.Andthatbladehadgonethrough,andtheX-raysrevealedthatthetipofthebladewasontheedgeofmyaorta,themainartery.Andoncethat'spunctured,yourdrownedinyourownblood--that'stheendofyou.

ItcameoutintheNewYorkTimesthenextmorning,thatifIhadmerelysneezed,Iwouldhavedied.Well,aboutfourdayslater,theyallowedme,aftertheoperation,aftermychesthadbeenopened,andthebladehadbeentakenout,tomovearoundinthewheelchairinthehospital.Theyallowedmetoreadsomeofthemailthatcamein,andfromalloverthestatesandtheworld,kindletterscamein.Ireadafew,butoneofthemIwillneverforget.IhadreceivedonefromthePresidentandtheVice-President.I'veforgottenwhatthosetelegramssaid.I'dreceivedavisitandaletterfromtheGovernorofNewYork,butI'veforgottenwhatthatlettersaid.Buttherewasanotherletterthatcamefromalittlegirl,ayounggirlwhowasastudentattheWhitePlainsHighSchool.AndIlookedatthatletter,andI'llneverforgetit.Itsaidsimply,

DearDr.King,

Iamaninth-gradestudentattheWhitePlainsHighSchool."

Andshesaid,

Whileitshouldnotmatter,IwouldliketomentionthatI'mawhitegirl.Ireadinthepaperofyourmisfortune,andofyoursuffering.AndIreadthatifyouhadsneezed,youwouldhavedied.AndI'msimplywritingyoutosaythatI'msohappythatyoudidn'tsneeze.

AndIwanttosaytonight--IwanttosaytonightthatItooamhappythatIdidn'tsneeze.BecauseifIhadsneezed,Iwouldn'thavebeenaroundherein1960,whenstudentsallovertheSouthstartedsitting-inatlunchcounters.AndIknewthatastheyweresittingin,theywerereallystandingupforthebestintheAmericandream,andtakingthewholenationbacktothosegreatwellsofdemocracywhichweredugdeepbytheFoundingFathersintheDeclarationofIndependenceandtheConstitution.

IfIhadsneezed,Iwouldn'thavebeenaro