高考英语总复习-第一部分-教材梳理-Unit-1-Cultural-relics-市赛课公开课一等奖

必修2Unit1Culturalrelics1/57关键单词rarerarelyvaluablevalue1．________adj.稀罕；稀有；宝贵→________adv.稀罕地；稀有地valuablesvaluelessinvaluable

2．________adj.珍贵；有价值→________vt.&n．重视；珍视，价值→_________n．珍贵物品→_________adj.没有价值；不值钱→_________adj.极其有用；极其宝贵 3．________vi.幸免；幸存；生还；vt.幸免于；比……活得长→________n．幸存→________n．幸存者survivesurvivalsurvivor2/57

4．________vt.使吃惊；诧异→____________n．吃惊；惊奇→________adj.令人吃惊→________adj.吃惊；感到诧异→____________adv.令人惊奇地 5．________vt.挑选；选择→________n．选择

6．________n．设计；图案；构思→________n．设计师 7．________adj.奇特；异样

vt.设计；计划；构思vt.想象；构想；兴趣8.________n．格调；风度；类型v．设计样式

9．_________v．装饰；装修→__________n．装饰；装修→___________n．装修工amazeamazementamazingamazedamazinglyselectselectiondesigndesignerfancystyledecoratedecorationdecorator3/5710．________vi.属于；为……一员→__________n．[复数]动产；财物；全部物belongbelongings11．________n．接待；招待会；接收→________vt.接待；receptionreceive接收→_____________n．接待员 12．________vt.移动；搬开13.________adj.木制receptionistremove14．______n．怀疑；疑惑vt.怀疑；不信→________adj.怀疑woodendoubtdoubtedformer15．________adj.以前；从前4/5716．________prep.值得；相当于……价值n．价值；作用adj.[古]值钱worthlocallocally17．________adj.当地；当地n．当地人；当地人→________adv.局部地；在当地evidenceevident18．__________n．依据；证据→________adj.清楚；明白；显然explodeexplosion19．________vi.爆炸→________n．爆炸20．

________adj.formal

vi.争论；辩论非正式→________adj.正式 21．________n．争论；争辩

informaldebate5/57常考短语searchdesigned1．in________of寻找2．be________for...为……设计3．________to属于belongreturnwar4．in________作为报答；回报5．at________处于交战状态6．________than少于lessremainmystery7．________a________依然是个谜6/57readydoubt8．be________for为……做好准备9．without________毫无疑问地takelook10．________apart拆开11．________like看起来像12．________

________of看重；器重

thinkhighly7/57经典佳句couldneverhaveimagined

1．FrederickWilliamI,theKingofPrussia,________________________________thathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民厚礼会有这么一段令人诧异历史。whereshespentherummers

2．Later,CatherineIIhadtheAmberRoommovedtoapalaceoutsideStPetersburg________________________________________.以后，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑宫殿中。8/57Thereisnodoubtthat

3．________________________________________theboxeswerethenputonatrainforKönigsberg,whichwasatthattimeaGermancityontheBalticSea.毫无疑问，这些箱子以后被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当初德国在波罗海边上一个城市。 4．Afterthat,________________________theAmberRoomremainsamystery.从那以后，琥珀屋去向便成了一个谜。whathappenedto9/57课文回顾whichmissingwereused

TheAmberRoom,1.________wasconsideredoneofthewondersoftheworld,isnow2.________(miss)．AtfirstitwasdesignedforthepalaceofFrederickWilliamI．Severaltonsofamber3.__________(use)tomakeitandittookthe4.________(good)artiststenyearstocomplete.ThenthenextKingofPrussiagaveittoPetertheGreat.Theroomservedasasmall5._________(receive)hallforimportantvisitors.Later,CatherineIIhadherartists6.______(add)moredetailstotheroom.Sadly,awarbrokeoutandtheNazissecretlystoletheroom7.________.Fromthenon,whathappenedtotheAmberRoom8.__________(remain)amystery.Bystudyingoldphotosof9.________formerAmberRoom,theRussiansandGermansbuiltanewroomincelebrationofthe10.________(300)birthdayoftheircity.bestreceptionadditselfremainsthe300th10/57

单句语法填空 1．(年新课标Ⅰ卷·语法填空)Whenfatandsalt___________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.areremovedwereusedamazing

2．(年新课标Ⅱ卷·语法填空)Steamengines__________(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeenfairlyunpleasantforthepassengers. 3．(年新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读了解A)It'san______________(amaze)accomplishment.11/57whichdecoratedbeing

4．(年新课标Ⅰ卷·语法填空)Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,________isnotgoodforthehealth. 5．Itwasalsoatreasure__________(decorate)withgoldandjewels,whichtookthecountry'sbestartistsabouttenyearstomake. 6．Onemorning,Iwaswaitingatthebusstop,worriedabout________(be)lateforschool. 7．Chinaisacountry___________(belong)todevelopingcountries.belonging12/57highlythanin

8．Ourmonitor,ahelpfulboywithgreatsenseofresponsibility,isthought________(high)ofbybothourclassmatesandteachers. 9．Whattheyfocusonisyourabilityrather________yourappearance,sodon'tbeanxiousaboutyourweight. 10．MyparentsaresodevotedtomeandIknowIcanneverdoenough________returnfortheirdevotiontome.13/571．amazevt.使吃惊；诧异amazingadj.令人吃惊amazedadj.吃惊；感到诧异beamazedatsth.对某事/物感到诧异beamazedtodosth.对做某事感到惊讶amazementn．吃惊；惊奇inamazement诧异地toone'samazement使某人感到诧异是14/57

【一句多译】

使我诧异是他能在这个时候保持冷静。

Itamazedmethathecouldbesocalmatsuchatime. ＝Whatamazedmewasthathecouldbesocalmatsuchatime. ＝Tomyamazement,hecouldbesocalmatsuchatime.利用用amaze适当形式填空

Tomy___________，hewasn't________atthe_________factthatthemealherewas___________cheap.amazementamazedamazingamazingly15/57vt.幸免于；比……活得长2．survivevi.幸免；幸存；生还surviveon靠……存活下来AsurvivesBA比B活得长

survivesth.幸免于……；从……中活过来 survivorn．幸存者 survivaln．幸存；残余

【名师指津】

survive表示“幸免于”时，是及物动词，不要在后面加多余介词from,in等。16/57survival利用单句语法填空

(1)Wearetryingtosurvive________ourown. (2)________________(survive)thataccident，wewereconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright. (3)Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceof________(survive)．Havingsurvivedon17/573．designn．设计；图案；构思vt.设计；计划；构思designsb.todosth.打算让某人从事某事bedesignedfor/todosth.意在；打算被用来做某事bydesign有意地；蓄意地【联想发散】(1)表示“有意地”：bydesign,onpurpose,deliberately。(2)表示“恰巧地”：bychance,byaccident,accidentally。18/57designedbyfor利用单句语法填空

(1)Theproject__________(design)tohelpjoblesspeoplejustdidn'tworkoutasplanned. (2)Ithappened—whetherbyaccidentor_______design—thatthetwoofthemwereleftaloneafteralltheothershadgone. (3)Thiscourseisspeciallydesigned________beginnerslikeyou.19/574．worthprep.值得；相当于……价值n．价值；作用adj.[古]值钱

be(well)worthdoingsth.某事(非常)值得做 beworthit值得一干；值得花时间/精力等 beworthyofbeingdone＝beworthytobedone值得做 beworthyof＋n.＝(beworth＋n.)值得 Itisworthwhiledoing/todosth.某事值得一做

【名师指津】

(1)worth后普通只接v.-ing形式，主动形式表被动意义，不能再用被动语态； (2)worth前面修饰词只能是well。20/57利用一句多译，每空一词experiencingtobe既然你对中国传统文化感兴趣，我认为这个节日很值得你体验。experiencedofbeingexperienced

SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivaliswellworth______________. ＝SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkthisfestivaliswellworthy_______________________________/_____________________________. ＝SinceyouareinterestedintraditionalChineseculture,Ithinkitisworthwhile___________/______________thisfestival.experiencingtoexperience21/571．insearchof寻找；搜寻searchfor找寻；探索；探求

searchout查出；探出；找出 makeasearchfor寻找；追求

【名师指津】

insearchof在句中常做表语或目标状语，名词search前不加限定词；若search前加a/the/one's等限定词时，of普通换成for。22/57利用完成句子，每空一词searchfor(1)我花了几个星期去找我需要那本书。Ittookmeseveralweeksto________________thebookthatIwanted.aresearchingthewoodsfor(2)警察搜索森林，寻找失踪孩子。Thepolice_______________________________________thelostchild.ofsearched

单句语法填空 (3)Shewentintothekitcheninsearch________adrink. (4)Visitorsareregularly__________(search)astheyenterthebuilding.23/572．inreturn

作为报答；回报inreturnfor...作为对……交换/报答inturn轮番，依次；反过来byturns轮番；时而……时而……【联想发散】incase以防万一inadvance提前；事先indanger处于危险中inorder井井有条inplace在适当位置24/57returnforinturnbyturns利用用上面短语填空

(1)Hewantedtodosomethingin________________thekindnessthatsheofferedhim. (2)Theoryisbasedonpracticeand________________servespractice. (3)Thebookis________________funnyandverysad.25/573．thinkhighlyof看重；器重；高度评价thinkwell/muchof对……评价良好/很高thinknothingof对……无所谓；不把……当回事thinkbadly/poorlyof对……评价不高thinkofsb./sth.as把某人/某物看成……Whatdoyouthinkofsb./sth.?你认为某人/某物怎么样？【名师指津】当用于被动语态时，修饰动词副词应放在thought之前，即behighly/well/muchthoughtof。26/57利用句型转换，每空一词Highlythoughtof

(1)ShewashighlythoughtofandwascalledoneoftheChinesetenfilialpietystars(中国十大孝星之一)．(用过去分词短语做状语改写)Thinkingnothingof

________________________，shewascalledoneoftheChinesetenfilialpietystars. (2)Shethoughtnothingoftravellingaroundtheworldaloneandwentonajourneyonherown.(用现在分词短语做状语改写) ____________________________travellingaroundtheworldalone,shewentonajourneyonherown.27/57原句1FrederickWilliamⅠ，theKingofPrussia,couldneverhaveimaginedthathisgreatestgifttotheRussianpeoplewouldhavesuchanamazinghistory.普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民厚礼会有这么一段令人诧异历史。 (1)“could＋havedone”用于否定句和疑问句时，表示对过去情况发生可能性否定或质疑，意思是“不可能已经……”或者是“可能已经……了吗？”，此时可与“can＋havedone”换用。28/57(2)“情态动词＋havedone”表示对过去发生事情推测、批评、反悔等。如：couldnothavedone不可能做了某事(对过去否定推测)musthavedone一定已经做了某事(对过去必定推测)couldhavedone本能够做(实际上却没做)should/oughttohavedone本应该做(实际上却没做)would(not)havedone(当初)就(不)会做什么(实际情况并非这么)29/57利用单句语法填空

(1)(年新课标Ⅰ卷·七选五型阅读了解)IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,I___________________(laugh)heartily.完成句子，每空一词wouldhavelaughed(2)孩子们必定在树林里迷路了，不然他们就会按照计划回到湖边营地了。musthavebeenlost

Thechildren________________________________inthewoods;otherwise,theywouldhavebeenatthelakesidecampasscheduled.30/57couldnothavedone

(3)假如不是听了你提议，我就不会做得如此成功。 Butforyouradvice,I_______________________________________itsosuccessfully.31/57原句2ThereisnodoubtthattheboxeswerethenputonatrainforKönigsberg...毫无疑问，这些箱子以后被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡……

“Thereisnodoubtthat...”意为“毫无疑问……”，that后面引导同位语从句，说明doubt内容。常见句型以下： Thereissomedoubtwhether...……不太确定 Ihavenodoubtthat...我相信/我确定…… Idon't/neverdoubtthat...我确信…… Idoubtwhether/if...我怀疑……32/57whether/ifthat利用单句语法填空

(1)Idoubt____________thenewsistrue. (2)Thereisnodoubt________stayinguplateismorelikelytoresultinover-anxiety.33/57原句3Inatrial,ajudgemustdecidewhicheyewitnessestobelieveandwhichnottobelieve.在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人能够相信，哪些证人不能相信。 “whichnottobelieve”为“疑问词＋不定式”结构，在句中做宾语。whether,what,which,whom,who,where,when,how等加不定式组成结构在句中起名词作用，可以在句中做主语、表语和宾语。34/57利用完成句子，每空一词whattosay

(1)看到舞台下有那么多观众，他担心得不知道说什么。 Seeingsuchacrowdofaudiencebelowthestage,hewastoonervoustoknow________________________. (2)没有些人能告诉我在哪儿能买到这本有趣书。 Noonecouldtellme________________________theinterestingbook.wheretobuyWhenand(3)何时何地举行会议有待于深入讨论。________________________________________themeetingremainstobediscussedfurther.wheretohold35/57利用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵下来

Thereisnodoubt1.________thevase2.__________(belong)toLiMingisavaluableculturalrelic.Thevase3.________(make)ofbamboowasdesignedinafancystyleand4._____________(give)asaChristmasgiftbyhisfriend,anartist.5.________return,LiMinggavea6.________(rarely)stamptohisfriend.Buttohis7.____________(amaze),thevasewasstolenlastSaturday.Atpresent,thepolicearetrying8.________(they)besttosearch9.________it.However,whetheritcanbefoundremainsa10.___________(mysterious)．thatbelongingmadewasgivenInrareamazementtheirformystery36/57阅读了解(二)阅读了解八个常考点解读之3、4：3．对比、比较

篇章阅读中对比经常为新老观点对比、错误与正确观念对比、新事物与旧事物对比等；比较则经常为两种或多种事物优点、缺点、用途、功效、原理等特点比较。常见表示对比或比较关系词或短语有while,whereas,than,37/57comparedwith,incontrastto等。解题时要留心这些词或短语，并注意出现比较级、最高级地方，另外要注意搞清对比或比较对象。关键是，从对比或比较中看出作者要表示真实意图及作者所强调内容，有时要从对比或比较中加以合理地推理判断。38/57【例】(年新课标Ⅰ卷)GrandparentsAnsweraCall

Asathird-generationnativeofBrownsville,Texas,MildredGarzaneverplannedtomoveaway.EvenwhenherdaughterandsonaskedhertomovetoSanAntoniotohelpwiththeirchildren,shepolitelyrefused.OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMs.Garzafinallysayyes.Thatwasfouryearsago.Todayallthreegenerationsregardthemoveasasuccess,givingthemacloserrelationshipthantheywouldhavehadinseparatecities.39/57

NostatisticsshowthenumberofgrandparentslikeGarzawhoaremovingclosertoadultchildrenandgrand-children.Yetthereisevidencesuggestingthatthetrendisgrowing.EvenPresidentObama'smother-in-law,MarianRobinson,hasagreedtoleaveChicagoandmoveintotheWhiteHousetohelpcareforhergranddaughters.Accordingtoastudybygrandparents.com,83percentofthepeoplesaidMrs.Robinson'sdecisionwillinfluencegrandparentsintheAmericanfamily.Two-thirdsbelievemorefamilieswillfollowtheexampleofObama'sfamily.40/57“Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn'tgetawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown，”saysChristineCrosby,publisherofGrand,amagazineforgrandparents.“Wenowrealizehowimportantfamilyisandhowimportantitistobenearthem,especiallywhenyou'reraisingchildren.”

Movingisnotforeveryone.Almosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenandiswillingtomakesacrifices,butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead.Havingyourgrandchildrenfarawayishard,especiallyknowingyouradultchildisstruggling,butgivingupthelifeyouknowmaybeharder.41/5727．WhatdidCrosbysayaboutpeopleinthe1960s?A．Theywereunsureofthemselves.B．Theywereeagertoraisemorechildren.C．Theywantedtoliveawayfromtheirparents.D．Theyhadlittlerespectfortheirgrandparents.解析：C细节了解题。这是一道需要经过对比，加以推断题。原文第二段谈到当前祖父母愿意与儿女一起生活倾向，与第三段首句“Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn'tgetawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown.”形成对比，故选C。42/5728．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestthegrandparentsdointhelastparagraph?A．Makedecisionsinthebestinterestsoftheirown.B．Asktheirchildrentopaymorevisitstothem.C．Sacrificefortheirstrugglingchildren.D．Gettoknowthemselvesbetter.解析：A推理判断题。文章经过最终一段中“Almosteverygrandparentwantstobewithhisorhergrandchildrenand...butsometimesitiswisertosaynoandvisitfrequentlyinstead.”两种观点对比，可知作者提议老人们要明智，要从本身最大利益出发去做决定。故选A。43/57(年新课标Ⅱ卷)

IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn'twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon'tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.44/57

ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft(技艺)andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humourous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore(关键)ofourrelationshipoffthescreen....45/571．WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship?A．Theywereofthesameage.B．Theyworkedinthesametheater.C．Theywerebothgoodactors.D．Theyhadsimilarcharacteristics.解析：D推理判断题。依据文章第二段中“Wewererespectfulofcraft(技艺)andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors...affection.”可知作者与Paul之所以拥有持久情谊是因为他们有相同性格特征。故选D。46/574．并列、列举、举例并列、列举是指用First(ly),Second(ly),Third(ly),Finally,notonly...butalso...,inaddition,furthermore,moreover,aboveall,ontheonehand...,ontheotherhand等表示顺承或并列关系词语列举出一系列并列事实情况。为了使自己观点更有说服力、愈加明确，作者还经常会使用举例方法来进行论证，常由as,suchas,forexample,forinstance,take...asanexample等引出。考生们在做这类题时，要全方面读懂文章结构，段与段之间关系，一段内部逻辑关系，搞清并列要素；是对哪一个观点、论点进行列举或举例。47/57【例】(年江苏卷)ElNiňo,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild”，wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermenwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNiňoseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.

Theweathereffectsbothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNiňos,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNiňoin1997－98helped48/57America'seconomygrowby$15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvests:farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalincomesinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardrought(干旱)insouth-eastBrazilisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNiňomayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.49/57ThemostrecentpowerfulNiňo,in1997－98,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNiňoscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.50/57

Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure(基础设施)canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers(下水道)makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.AccordingtoapaperinbyMr.Hsiangandco-authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNiňo'sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNiňo,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.51/5762．WhatmayElNiňosbringabouttothecountriesaffected?A．Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall.B．Droughtsbecomemoreharmfulthanfloods.C．Richcountries'gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.D．Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.解析：C细节了解题。依据第二段第二句“RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNiňos,onbalance,thantheylose.”可知富有国家从厄尔尼诺现象中得到好处要大于所得到坏处。接着在第三句