金融中英文对照表

debt-to-equityswap 债转股thelinkagesystembetweentheUSdollarandtheHKdollar 港元的联系汇率制badaccount/deadaccount/uncollectibleaccount/baddebt/badloan 坏帐、呆帐、死帐anti-dumpingmeasuresagainst…… 反倾销措施deflation 通货紧缩inflation 通货膨胀quota-freeproducts 非配额产品investmentinnon-productiveprojects 非生产性投资riskmanagement/assessment 风险管理/评估venturecapital 风险基金loanlossprovision/provisionsofrisk 风险准备金revitalizelargeandmedium-sizedstateownedenterprises 搞活国有大中型企业scaleeconomy/economiesofscale 规模经济state-ownedcooperatives 国合企业（即国有合作社）balanceofinternationalpayments/balanceofpayment 国际收支disequilibriumofbalanceofpayment 国际收支不平衡publicsubsidies 国家补贴stateforeignexchangereserves 国家现汇结存guiderationalconsumption 合理引导消费seasonalpriceadjustments 季节性调价established/accomplishedfacts 既成事实scientificandtechnologicalenterprisesthatintegratescientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentwithindustrialandtradedevelopment 技工贸结合的科技型企业labor-intensiveenterprises 劳动密集性企业unwarrantedpoolingoffunds,arbitraryrequisitionofdonationsandexactionoffeesfromenterprises/unauthorizedpoolingoffunds,compulsorydonationsandrandomleviesonenterprises 乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费millenniumbug 千年问题、千年虫technologicalupdatingofenterprises 企业技术改造subsidiestocoverenterpriselosses 企业亏损补贴grantthenationaltreatmentto 实行国民待遇pursuingpracticalresults,adoptingvariouswaysandseekingcommondevelopment/theprincipleofequality,mutualbenefit,efficiency,diversityandmutualdevelopment 平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针“bottleneck”restrictions 瓶颈制约GATT(GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade) 关贸总协定WTO(WorldTradeOrganization) 世界贸易组织UruguayRound 乌拉圭回合MFN(Most-favored-nation)(Treatment) 最惠国贸易地位(待遇)DisputeSettlementBody 争端解决机构DSU(UnderstandingonRulesandProceduresGoverningtheSettlementofDisputes) 《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》SPS(SanitaryandPhytosanitaryStandard) 动植物卫生检疫措施AMS(AggregateMeasurementofSupport) （农产品）综合支持量SSG(SpecialSafeguard) (《农产品协议》)特殊保障ATC(AgreementonTextilesandClothing) 《纺织品与服装协议》GATS(GeneralAgreementonTradeinServices) 《服务贸易总协定》ITA(InformationTechnologyAgreement) 《信息技术协议》MFA(MultifibreAgreement) 《多种纤维协定》NAFTA(NorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement) 《北美自由贸易协定》ASEANFreeTradeArea 东盟自由贸易区COMESA(CommonMarketforEasternandSouthernAfrica) 东部和南部非洲共同市场MERCOSUR(SouthernCommonMarket) 南方共同市场（或称南锥体共同市场）SAARC(SouthAsianAssociationforRegionalcooperation) 南亚区域合作联盟CommitteeonTradeandDevelopment 贸易与发展委员会CommitteeonTradeandEnvironment 贸易与环境委员会EFTA(EuropeanFreeTradeAssociation) 欧洲自由贸易联盟FAO(FoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations) 联合国粮农组织ITC(InternationalTradeCenter) 国际贸易中心ITO(InternationalTradeOrganization) 国际贸易组织ICITO(InterimCommissionfortheInternationalTradeOrganization) 国际贸易组织临时委员会ILO(InternationalLaborOrganization) 国际劳工组织IMF(InternationalMonetaryFund) 国际货币基金组织ISO(InternationalOrganizationforStandardization) 国际标准化组织OECD(OrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment) 经济合作与发展组织UNCTAD(UnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopment) 联合国贸易与发展会议UNDP(UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgram) 联合国开发计划署UNEP(UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram) 联合国环境署WCO(WorldCustomsOrganization) 世界海关组织WIPO(WorldIntellectualPropertyOrganization) 世界知识产权组织ACP(African,CaribbeanandPacificGroup) 非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家集团（洛美协定）Actionablesubsidy （补贴协议）可诉补贴AmberBoxmeasures （农产品国内支持）；黄箱；措施Appeal (解决争端)上诉Appealbody 上诉机构BaselConvention 《巴塞尔公约》（有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定）BerneConvention 《伯尔尼公约》（有关保护文学和艺术作品版权的公约）Basetarifflevel 基础税率BOP(Balance-of-payments)Provisions （农产品国内支持）蓝箱措施BOP(Balance-of-payments)Provisions 国际收支条款Built-inagenda 既定日程Boundlevel 约束水平CAC(CodexAlimentariusCommission) 食品法典委员会CommonAgriculturePolicy （欧盟）共同农业政策CBD(ConventiononBiologicalDiversity) 《生物多样性公约》Circumvention 规避ConventiononInternationalTradeinEndangeredSpecies 《濒危物种国际贸易公约》Commercialpresence （服务贸易）商业存在Consumptionabroad （服务贸易）境外消费Crossbordersupply （服务贸易）跨境交付Complaint (解决争端)申诉方Defendant (解决争端)被诉方Countervailingduty 反补贴税Counter-notification 反向通知Crossretaliation 交叉报复CTG(CouncilforTradeinGoods) 货币贸易理事会Currencyretentionscheme 货币留成制度Customsvalue 海关完税价值Customsvaluation 海关估价Directpayment 直接支付Domesticindustry 国内产业Domesticproduction 国内生产Domesticsubsidy 国内补贴Domesticsupport (农产品)国内支持ElectronicCommerce 电子商务EST(Environmentally-soundtechnology) 环保型技术Exante 采取措施前Expost 采取措施后Exportperformance 出口实绩Exportsubsidy 出口补贴Findings （解决争端）调查结果Foodsecurity 粮食安全Free-rider 免费搭车者(享受其他国家最惠国待遇而不进行相应减让的国家)Geographicalindications （知识产权）地理标识GMOs(GeneticallyModifiedOrganisms) 转基因生物Governmentprocurement 政府采购GreenBoxmeasures （农产品国内支持）绿箱措施Greyareameasures 灰色区域措施GRULAC 拉美国家在WTO中的非正式集团HLM(WTOHigh-levelMeetingforLDCs) WTO最不发达国家高级别会议HS(HarmonizedCommodityandCodingSystem) 协调制度（商品名称及编码协调制度）LisbonAgreement 《里斯本条约》（有关地理标识及其国际注册）ILO(InternationalLaborOrganization) 国际劳工组织IMF(InternationalMonetaryFund) 国际货币基金组织Importdeposits 进口押金Importlicensing 进口许可Importpenetration 进口渗透Importsubstitution 进口替代Importsurcharge 进口附加税Importvariableduties 进口差价税INRs(InitialNegotiatingRights) 最初谈判权(初谈权)Integrationprocess (纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程InternationalOfficeofEpizootics 国际兽疫组织IPRs(Intellectualpropertyrights) 知识产权ITCB(InternationalTextileandClothingBureau) 国际纺织品服装局LCA(LifeCycleAnalysis) 产品生命周期分析LDCs(Least-developedcountries) 最不发达国家Licensefee 许可费Likeproduct 同类产品Localcontent 当地含量Marketaccess 市场准入Marketboards 专门的营销机构Materialinjury 实质损害Modalities 模式modulationofquotaclause 配额调整条款MontrealProtocol 《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定)Multifunctionality (农业)多功能性NaturalPerson (服务贸易)自然人Nationaltreatment 国民待遇Newissues 新议题Notificationobligation 通知义务Nullificationandimpairment (利益的)丧失和减损Orderlymarketarrangements 有秩序的市场安排Panel (争端解决)专家组ParisConvention 《巴黎公约》(关于保护工业知识产权的公约)Peaceclause (《农业协议》中关于反补贴的)和平条款Plurilateralagreement 诸边协议Presenceofnaturalperson (服务贸易)自然人流动Productionsubsidy 生产补贴flying-by-nightcompany;boguscompany 皮包公司easemonetarypolicy 放松银根floatingpopulation 流动人口self-regulatingmechanismofenterprises 企业的自我约束机制cravecomfortandpleasure 贪图安逸inflatedconsumption 消费膨胀informationize 信息化freon-freerefrigerator 无氟冰箱paperlesstransaction 无纸交易readilymarketableproducts 适销对路的产品profiteer 倒爷overstaffingin(government)organizations 机构臃肿organizationaloverlapping 机构重叠substitutionoftaxpaymentforprofitdelivery 利改税regularrevenues 经常性的财政收入chronicdepression 慢性萧条two-tiersystem/double-tracksystem 双重轨制pre-jobtraining 就业前培训on-the-jobtraining 岗位培训foreignprojectcontracting 对外项目承包laborservicecooperation 劳务合作modalityofforeignaid 外援方式comeintoofficialenforcementasofJanuary1,1999 自1999年1月1日起实行formsofownership 所有制形式implementanautomaticregistrationsystemofforeigntradingrightsonatrialbasis 以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度riskmanagement/assessment 风险管理/评估projectslistedasencouragedbythestate 国家鼓励项目ImplementationRulesoftheP.R.C.ontheProtectionofInvestmentsbyCompatriotsfromTaiwan <<中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例>>ministerialmeeting 部长级会议equitableandrational 公正合理takethepreemptiveopportunities 抢得先机reduceandcanceldebts 减免债务engineeringproject 工程项目increaseinthesamepace 同步增长shakeofftheimpactofthefinancialcrisis 摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响goingonthetrackofsoundprogress 走上良性发展的轨道industrialaddedvalue 工业增加值investmentinthefixedassets 固定资产投资buildingmaterials 建材accumulativelyrealizingtradesurplus 累计实现顺差143.4美元bringnewvigorandvitalityinto 注入新的生机与活力accessories 配件spareparts 备件importlinkagetax 进口环节税turnovertax 营业税corporateincometax 企业所得税offset 抵免provincialcapitol 省会municipalitydirectlyunderthecentralgovernment 直辖市flagshipproduct 龙头产品moderncorporatesystem 现代企业制度enforcestockholdingsystem 实行股份制holdingcompany 控股公司responsiblefortheirownmanagementdecisions,profitsandlosses 自主经营,自负盈亏alongsidefortifyingthestatusofthepublicownershipasthemainstay,itisalsoencouragedtowitnesscommondevelopmentofdifferentsystemsofownership 在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展establishanunified,openmarketwithorderlycompetition 形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场StateScientificandTechnologicalInnovationSystem 国家科技创新体系helpexcellenttalentsfindwaytodistinction 帮助人才脱颖而出screenandmodify 清理、修订waterconservation 水利changethemethodofoperation 转化经营机制intermediaryserviceorganization 中介服务组织dualpurposeexports 军民两用品出口dual-usegoodsandtechnology 军民两用产品和技术NAFTANorthAmericanFreeTradeArea 北美自由贸易区globalquota 全球配额grandfatherclause 祖父条款Animal-derivedfood 动物源食品EVSL(EarlyVoluntarySectoralLiberalization) 部门提前自愿自由化TILF(TradeandInvestmentLiberalizationandFacilitation) 贸易和投资自由化和便利化internationalsettlement 国际清算commercial,residentialandpublicutilityconstruction 商住和公益设施建设increaseemploymentopportunities;createjobsineverypossibleway;openupmorechannelsofemployment 广开就业门路freefloatingexchangerate;variableexchangerate 自由浮动汇率capitalaccount 资本项目currentaccount 经常项目overcomedifferencesandseekcommonground 求同存异anti-fakelabel 防伪标志export-orientedindustry 出口创汇型产业revitalizestockassets 盘活存量资产competitivebidding 竟价投标negotiatedbidding 协议投标horizontalmerger 横向兼并verticalmerger 垂直兼并junkfinancing 垃圾融资moneymarket 货币市场reportingsystem;incomedeclarationsystem 申报制度 shippingservicecompany 船务公司genericproducts 非商标(非专利)产品prudentmonetarypolicy 稳健的货币政策deficitspending 超前消费runonbanks (到银行)挤兑domesticsupporttoagriculture 对农业的国内支持specialbonds 特种债券economyofabundance 富裕经济CAGA(compoundannualgrowthaverage) 年复合增长率Animal-basedprotein 动物源性蛋白GMO(geneticallymodifiedorganism) 转基因组织VOD(video-on-demand) 视频点播AOD(audio-on-demand) 音频点播Importsurcharge 进口附加税Importvariableduties 进口差价税AAMA：AdministrativeAspectsofMarketAccess 市场准人的行政管理措施ABAC：APECBusinessAdvisoryCouncil 亚太工商咨询理事会ABF：APECBusinessForum 亚太商业论坛ACDS：APECCommunicationsandDatabaseSystem 亚太通讯与数据系统ACTETSME：APECCenterforTechnologyExchangeandTrainingforSmallandMediumEnterprises 亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心ADB:AsianDevelopmentBank 亚洲开发银行AELM：APECEconomicLeadersMeeting 亚太经合组织经济领导人会议AFTA：ASEANFreeTradeArea 东盟自由贸易区AMM：APECMinisteriaIMeeting 亚太经合组织部长级会议ANZCERTA：AustraliaNewZealandCloserEconomicRelationsTradeAgreement 澳新紧密经济关系协定APB-Net：Asia-PacificBusinessNetwork 亚太商业网络APEC：Asia-PacificEconomicCooperation 亚太经济合作组织APERC：AsiaPacificEnergyResearchCenter 亚太能源研究中心APII：Asia-PacificInformationInfrastructure 亚太信息基础设施APLAC：AsiaPacificLaboratoryAccreditationCooperation 亚太实验室认可合作APLMF：AsiaPacificLegalMetrologyForum 亚太法定计量论坛APMP：AsiaPacificMetrologyProgram 亚太计量程序ASEAN：AssociationofSouth-EastAsianNations 东南亚国家联盟ASEM：Asia-EuropeMeeting 亚欧会议ATC：AgriculturalTechnicalCooperation 农业技术合作CPU(CentralProcessingUnit) 中央处理器CAD(Computer-AidedDesign) 计算机辅助设计InternetPenetration 互联网普及率CyberCitizen 网民CyberCrime 网络犯罪CyberCity 网络城市,虚拟城市DigitalDivide 数字鸿沟SmartSchools 智能学校MultipurposeCard 多功能卡SoftwareDevelopment 软件开发ContentDevelopment 内容开发DigitalBusiness 数字化商业Informationization,Network-basedInformationFlow 信息化SoftwarePackages 软件包DomainNameApplicationandRegistration 申请注册域名VirtualSpace 虚拟空间Intranet 局域网MindMap 脑图PortableComputer;Laptop;NotebookComputer 便携式电脑PDA---PersonalDigitalAssistant 个人数字助理PalmComputer 掌上电脑Router 路由器NetworkAdministrator 网络管理员CyberEconomy 网络经济Ethernet 以太网ISP-InternetServiceProvider 服务提供者NC:NetworkComputer 网络计算机MPC:MultimediaPersonalComputer 多媒体个人电脑MMX:是MultiMediaeXtensions 多媒体扩展MHzMegaHertz 兆赫VGA:VideoGraphicsArray 视频图形阵列3DStudio:ThreeDimensionStudio 三维摄影室VR：VirtualReality 虚拟现实OEM：OriginalEquipmentManufacturer 原始设备制造商PNP：PlugandPlay 即插即用MIDI：MusicalInstrumentDigitalInterface 乐器数字接口MPEG:MotionPictureExpertsGroup 运动图像专家组DomainName 域名Dial-upConnection 拨号连接CustomsBond 海关担保SuretyCompany 担保公司Principle 本人Carrier 承运人Attorney 代理人/委托人FreightForwarder 货运代理JointlyandSeverallyLiableFor 负连带责任LiquidatedDamages 违约赔偿金Solvency 偿付能力Security 抵押品/保证金PowerofAttorney 委托书MakeaCompleteEntry 正式/完整申报CFR(CodeofFederalRegulations) 美国联邦政府行政法规汇编BillofLading 提单CondemnedGoods 有问题的货物CustomsLiquidation 清关CustomsClearance 结关CourtCosts 诉讼费用DispositionofMerchandise 货物处置trunkline 长途中继线incumbentoperator 主导运营商urbanduct 城市管道numberinquiry 号码查询interconnection （电信网络间的）互联universalservice 普遍服务fixedlinepenetration 固定电话普及率packetswitcheddata 分组交换数据circuitswitcheddata 电路交换数据long-runincrementalcost 长期增量成本rightsofway 破路权，开路权spectrummanagement 频谱管理cross-subsidies 交叉补贴packagingservice 打包服务，套餐服务privatecircuit 专用线路scarceresources 稀缺资源ControllingStake 控制股MarketSegment 分块市场MarkingBudget 营销预算SpecialtyShop 专营商店PromotionBudget 促销预算Networksforsalesandservice 销售和服务网络MarketDemand 市场需求BrandRecognition 品牌认可/认同IndustrialComplex 工业生产基地/综合体MarketingSavvy 营销知识/技能ListedCompanies 上市公司PremiumBrands 优质品牌DistributionChannels 销售渠道AccesstoMarket 市场准入MergersandAcquisitions 兼并与收购，并购CEPA(CloserEconomicPartnershipArrangements)内地和香港更紧密经贸关系安排QFII(QualifiedForeignInstitutionalInvestor)外国机构投资者机制,意思是指合格的外国投资者制度,是QDII制的反向制度。QDII(QualifiedDomesticInstitutionalInvestors)认可本地机构投资者机制，是允许在资本帐项未完全开放的情况下，内地投资者往海外资本市场进行投资。AvianInfluenza禽流感NPC&CPPCC两会3G(ThirdGeneration)Moblie第三代移动通信ComparativelyProsperous小康Six-PartyTalk(DPRKNukeTalk)六方会谈（朝鲜核问题会谈）NPL(Non-performingloans)不良债权Farmers,RuralAreas,AgricultureProduction三农ThreeGreens三绿SARS(SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome)严重急性呼吸系统综合症（非典型性肺炎）WindowsLonghorn微软即将推出的下一代操作系统（长牛角）LittleSmart小灵通（中国网通和中国电信联合推出的移动通信产品，实行单向收费）IPO(InitialPublicOffering)首次公开发行（是公司上市的标志）Sino-USJointCommissiononCommerceandTrade(JCCT)中美联合商贸委员会FloatingRMB浮动元JV(JointVenture)合资企业Wi-Fi(WirelessInternetAccess)无线互联网接入LunarProbeProject登月计划Anti-dumping反倾销ShenzhouV神州5号WEF(WorldEconomicForum)世界经济论坛WorldEconomicDevelopmentSummit世界经济发展高峰会BoaoForumforAsia博鳌亚洲论坛AMC(AssetManagementCompany)资产管理公司GettheGreenLight获得批准DistressedAsset(DA)不良资产ChineseAcademyofSocialSciences中国社会科学院SMS(ShortMessageService)短信息服务MMS(MultimediaMessageService)多媒体信息服务（基于3G技术）Ex-CEO前CEONationalCouncilSocialSecurityFund国家社会保障基金EnergyConservation能源保护ChinaHouseholdElectricalAppliancesAssociation中国家用电器协会China-USMediationCenter中美调停中心MakeOne'sDebut首次登场NationalDevelopmentandReformCommission(NDRC)国家发展和改革委员会TaxRebate出口退税StableandRapidEconomicGrowthWithoutFluctuations稳定快速无大起大落的经济增长PortalWebsite门户网站ImageAmbassador形象大使Propellant推动者GMBH股份有限公司Tender标书FutureExchange期货交易TT(TechnologyTransfer)技术转让ISP(InternetServicePRovider)互联网服务提供商ApprovalRate支持率PortfolioInvestment证券投资WorldwideEconomyUniformity世界经济一体化JIT(Just-In-Time)ManufacturingSystem准时制造系统EMCS(Engineer,ManufactureandCustomerService)工程，生产和客户服务Well-offSociety小康社会InterimConstitution临时宪法FDA(FoodandDrugAdminstration)美国食品药品管理局SuiGeneris独特的NIEO(NewInternationalEconomicOrder)新的国际经济新秩序TariffBarrier关税壁垒MNC(MultinationalCompany)跨国公司FDI(ForeignDirectInvestment)外国直接投资EconomicIntegration经济一体化KeepRMBRateatItsCurrentLevel保持人民币汇率ExchangeRateMechanism汇率机制TransitionalGracePeriod过渡时期优惠期InternationalTransaction国际交易SpeculativeCapital投机资本CurrentAccount经常项目OntheConditionofAnonymity匿名SandStorm沙尘暴ProtectionistMeasures保护主义措施WTOProtocolWTO协议ConformtoWTOSpiritsandAgreements遵循WTO精神和条款Dispute-SettlingMechanism争端解决机制SubsidyAct补贴行为SteertheBigShipofChina'sEconomy掌控中国经济的大船BalancedandRelatively-FastEconomicGrowth平衡相对快速的经济增长Deep-SeatedProblems根深蒂固的问题Decision-MakingMechanism决策机制ScrutinyFromEveryCornerofSociety来自社会各方面的监督PeacefulReunification和平统一All-round,CoordinatedandSustainableDevelopment全面协调可持续发展RevitalizeOldIndustrialBases振兴老工业基地FourMajorTasks:RestructureStateFirms,PromotetheNon-StateSector,OptimizeIndustrialMixandAbsorbMoreInvestment四项任务：重组国有企业，促进非公有行业，优化工业结构，吸收更多投资InternationalCommunity国际社会AFair,EquitableandNon-discriminaryMultilateralTradingSystem公平、公正、非歧视的多边贸易体制InitialStageSuccess初步胜利MemorandumofUnderstanding(MOU)谅解备忘录PaymentinArrear拖欠的付款Farmers-Turned-Construction-Workers农民工SoftLanding软着陆ExceedtheBenchmark突破xxx大关MannedSpaceflight载人航天飞行OverallNationalStrength综合国力UnswervingStance坚定不移的立场TrafficVolume流量（点击量）WAP(WirelessApplicationProtocol)无线应用协议ThreeRepresents三个代表PAS(PersonalAccessPhoneSystem)个人接入电话系统ChinaConsumersAssociation中国消费者协会GM(GeneticallyModified)转基因HPAI(HighPathogenicAI)高致病禽流感Ultimatum最后通牒TradeConsultation贸易磋商RTA(RegionalTradeArrangements)区域贸易安排OwnershipStructure所有制结构China-USJointCommissiononCommerceandTrade（JCCT）中美商贸联委会IPR(IntellectualPropertyRights)知识产权ChinaAssociationofEnterprises中国企业联合会MES(MarketEconomyStatus)市场经济地位MET(MarketEconomyTreatment)市场经济待遇OptimalAllocationofResources资源最优配置High-levelTalks高层会谈WAPI无线局域网鉴别与保密基础结构ReorganizationandTransformationintoStockCompany股份制改造和重组TaxRebates出口退税Conglomerate企业集团ProductionVAT生产型VATConsumptionVAT消费型VATAlldisputesshall,firstofall,besettledamicablybynegotiation.一切争端应首先通过友好会谈进行解决。Thearbitrationfeeshall,inaccordancewiththeRulesofArbitration,bebornebythelosingparty.根据仲裁规则，仲裁费用应由败诉方承担。TheSellershallnot,withouttheBuyer'sconsent,discusstheContractoranyprovisionthereoftoanypersonoranythirdparties.未经买方同意，卖方不得将合同或合同的任何规定透漏给任何人或任何第三方。TheContractorshall,throughouttheexecutionandcompletionoftheWorksandtheremedyingofanydefectstherein,takeallreasonablestepstoprotecttheenvironmentonandoffthesite.在工程施工，竣工及修补工程缺陷的整个过程中，承包人应采取一切合理的措施，以保护现场内外的环境。TheJointVentureCompanyshall,inthefirstthreemonthsofeachfiscalyear,workoutthestatementofassetsandliabilitiesandlossesandgainsaccountsofthepastfiscalyear,andshall,afterexaminedandsignedbytheauditor,submitthesametotheBoardmeetingforapproval.合资公司应在每个会计年头三个月编制上一个会计年度的资产负债表和损益计算书，经审计师审核签字后，提交董事会会议批准通过。If,duringairtransportation,theDocumentation(technicalinformation)isfoundlostordamaged,PartyBshall,within30daysafterreceivingPartyA'swrittenNotice,supplyPartyAfreeofchargewiththeDocumentationagain.如果技术资料在空运中丢失、损坏，乙方应在收到甲方书面通知后30天内，再次免费补寄或重寄给甲方。If,foranyreasonbeyondthereasonablecontroloftheConsultants,itbecomesnecessarytoreplaceanyofthePersonnel,theConsultantsshallforthwithprovideasareplacementapersonofequivalentorbetterqualifications.如果由于咨询者不能正常控制的原因而有必要替换人员，咨询者应替换同等或更好的人员。If,afterthirtydaysformthecommencementofsuchinformalconsultations,thePartiesfailtoresolveamicablyacontractdispute,eitherPartytheretomayrequirethatthedisputebesubmittedtoarbitrationforresolution.在非正式协商开始30天后，如果双方仍不能友好地解决合同争端，任何一方可以要求将争端提交仲裁解决。If,underClause31,theEmployershallemployotherContractorsontheSite,heshallrequirethemtohavethesameregardforsafetyandavoidanceofdanger.如果根据第31条的规定，业主在现场还雇佣其他承包人时，业主应要求这样的承包人在安全和避免危险方面负有同样的责任。If,inaccordancewiththedeliveryscheduleasstipulatedinChapter4oftheContract,thegoodsfailtobedeliveredatdatesduetotheresponsibilityoftheSeller,theSellershallbeobligedtopaytotheBuyerpenaltyforsuchdelayindeliveryatthefollowingrates.如果由于卖方的责任未能按本合同第4章规定的交货期交货时，卖方应按照下列比例向买方交纳因上述延误的罚款。TPRM(TradePolicyReviewMechanism)贸易审议机制TRIPS(Trade-RelatedIntellectualPropertyRights)与贸易有关的知识产权TRIMS(Trade-RelatedInvestmentMeasures)与贸易有关的投资措施TBT(TechnicalBarrierstoTrade)技术性贸易壁垒HS(HarmonizedCommodityandCodingSystem)商品名称及编码协调制度DSB(DisputeSettlementBody)争端解决机制MediationofDispute商业纠纷调解Non-discrimination非歧视AntidumpingDuty反倾销税CountervailingDuty反补贴税GSP(GeneralizedSystemofPreference)普惠制TEU(Twenty-footEquivalentUnit)标准集装箱MFN(MostFavoredNations)最惠国TaxRebate出口退税ImageProject形象工程MPC(MarginalPropensitytoConsume)边际消费倾向BusinessCycle商业周期InitialPublicOffering(IPO)首次公开发行CapitalSpendingBinge资本投资狂潮VentureCapital风险资本SingleMarket单一市场ClearingandSettlementSystems清算及结算系统PooledAccounts总合帐户TopPriority当务之急BlueChipIndex蓝筹股指数ConsumerConfidence消费者信心SocialSecurity社会保障LiquidInvestment短期投资EconomicStimulus经济刺激ProductionCapacity生产能力RealWages实际收入Boom-and-BustCycle经济繁荣与萧条交替循环TaxExemption免税TradeLiberalization贸易自由化FlowofGoodsandCapital贸易及资本流动ImportSubstitution进口替代TradeSanction贸易制裁TradeReciprocity贸易互惠MultilateralEnvironmentalAgreement多边环境协议HarmonizationofStandards标准统一InvestmentRegime投资管理体制ActionPlan行动计划FinancialandBudgetaryProvisions财政及预算拨款EfficientAllocationofResources资源有效配置FinancialInstrument金融工具Spin-off脱离母公司的公司Start-up新成立的企业IndustryConsolidation产业联合ManagementBuyout买断产权或管理权ReturnonInvestment投资回报Labor-intensive劳动力密集型EmergingMarkets新兴市场ChainofCommand控制链QualityInitiative质量改进努力PubliclyTradedCompanies公开上市交易的公司TaxRefund出口退税Newsprint新闻纸SiliconSteel硅钢PETFilm聚酯薄膜StainlessSteel不锈钢AcrylicEster丙烯酸酯MethyleneChloride二氯甲烷Polystyrene聚苯乙烯Lysine赖氨酸PETChips聚酯切片PolyesterStapleFiber涤纶短纤AcrylicEster丙烯酸酯Caprolactam己内酰胺CoatedArtPaper铜版纸Catechol邻苯二酚PhthalicAnhydride邻苯二甲酸酰SBR丁苯橡胶Cold-RolledSteel冷轧板卷PVC聚酯乙烯TDI甲苯二异氰酸酯Phenol苯酚MDIMDIEOA乙醇胺Chloroform三氯甲烷OpticalFiber光纤PolyesterStapleFiber涤纶短纤Nylon6,66FilamentYard锦纶长丝ChloropreneRubber氯丁橡胶HydrazineHydrate水合肼KraftLiner未漂白牛皮箱纸板TCE三氯乙烯BPA双酚AConsumerGoods消费品IndustrialGoods工业产品TransactionMarketing交易营销RelationshipMarketing关系营销MarketSegmentation市场细分StandardizedMarketing无差异性营销DifferentiatedMarketing差异性营销ConcentratedMarketing集中性营销MarketPositioning市场定位RoyaltyFee许可费MarkupPricing加成定价PerceivedValuePricing价值定价法TransferPricing转移定价EDI(ElectronicDataInterexchange）电子数据交换ImportSurtax进口附加税VariableLevy差额税SlidingDuty滑动关税ThresholdPrice门槛价格PreferentialDuties特惠税EscapeClause免责条款PriorLimitation预定限额SpecificDuty从量税AdValoremDuty从价税CompoundDuty混合税bufferfund缓冲基金,平准基金globalstrategicorientation全球战略导向overarchingstrategy支配性战略marginalutility边际效用unwantedgoods货不对路opportunityknocksbutonce机不可失crossinvestment相互投资reciprocityandmutualbenefit互惠互利centrallyruneconomy中央统筹经济inthedoldrums萧条时期actualappropriation实际到帐资金transferpaymentfromtheexchequer财政转移支付supervisionandinspectionsystemoftaxcollection税收监控becomplementarytoeachothereconomically经济互补性solerectification专项整治工作UrbanSocial-EconomicSurveyTeam城调队paid-ininvestment到位资金corporatelegalpersonmanagementsystem公司法人治理结构InternationalStrategicAlliances国际战略联盟apportionmentofexpenses分摊费用family-contractresponsibilitysystem家庭联产责任承包制purchasingpowerparity购买力平价法stressprioritiesoveragriculture,transportationandenergysupply,educationandscienceandtechnology抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础"turn-keyproject交钥匙工程household-basedcontractsystem包干到户carry-overfastgrowth翘尾性快速增长specificduty从量税advaloremduty从价税MinisterialDeclarationonDohaDevelopmentAgenda关于多哈发展议程谈判的部长声明flowproductionline流水生产线bridgingloan临时贷款systemauditingtheeconomicresponsibilityofleadingcadresduringtheirtermsofoffice领导干部任期经济责任审计制度commissionpaidondiscountedaccount客帐贴现佣金strengthentheparty'stieswiththemasses加强党和群众的联系jobbery假公济私packageofproduction-supply-marketingservices产、销、服务一条龙closedregionalcooperation排外性区域合作obtainforeigncurrencyunderfalsepretenses骗汇、逃汇、套汇futuresmarket期货市场arbitrarycharges,fund-raising,quotasandfines乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款thestrategyofrevitalizing(invigorating)Chinathroughscienceandeducation科教兴国战略allotmentofshares配股crawlingpeg浮动钉住inconstantdollarvalue按不变价值美元计算incurrentprice按实价计算buyingsightrate按现货价买进safeguardpractice保护性措施policyloan保单贷款slump暴跌decreasingreturnstoscale规模报酬递减retaliatorytariff报复关税feederindustry补给性工业smallprofitbyquickturnover薄利多销foulbilloflading不清洁提单salvagevalue残余价值saleinbulk成批出售unilateralimportquota单边进口配额antedatedB/L倒签提单countersample对等样品externalpublicdebt对外公债systemofmultilateraltradecommitments多边贸易承诺制度officialdevaluation法定贬值contra-cyclicalpolicy反周期政策releasedbilloflading旅行提单stratifiedsampling分层抽样品adhesioncontract服从契约bimetallicstandard复本位制floatingpolicy流动保险单mandatoryarbitration强制仲裁two-waytrade双向贸易advancerefunding套期转换averageannualgrowthrate年平均增长率awardofbid决标，定标slump暴跌customsguaranteesystem海关担保制度averagepropensitytosave平均储蓄倾向bothproductionandmarketingthrive产销两旺compulsorythirdpartyinsurance第三者责任法定保险tradingunderlicense许可制贸易paymentsadjustment收支调整equalizationfund平准基金currentpayment经常性支出apportionmentofvaluation价值分割voluntaryrestrictionofexport自动出口限制verticaldiversification垂直多样化exportcreditguarantee出口信贷担保jointsurveyreport联合检查报告input-outputanalysis投入产出分析hookdamage钩损险freetransitzone自由过境区continualredemptionsinkingfund连续偿债资金contingencyaccount意外准备金帐户contractoffuturedelivery远期交货合同discriminatingduty差别关税endorsementwithoutrecourse无追索权利背书entrenchedprovisions特别维护条款equipmentreceipt-out(in)设备交接单lossreserve赔款准备金lumpsumfreight按整船计算的运费、包干运费nominalcontractduties名义关税settlementofbalance净差结算secularinflation长期性通货膨胀statutelaw成文法tradingunderlicense许可制贸易marketdepressed市场萧条mintparity法定平价moneysqueeze抽紧银根overpivotrate超基准收费率powerofattorney授权书positionlimit成交限量priceelasticityofdemand需求价格弹性receiptandsubrogationform权益转让书及收据salebytrademarkorbrand凭商标买卖swaparrangement互惠信贷协议systemofmultilateraltradecommitments多边贸易承诺制度tabulatedquotation行情表peoplefirst以人为本buildwell-offsocietyinanall-aroundway全面建设小康社会baseforoverseaslaborservice外派劳务基地leadthepeopleforwardinsolidarityandpressaheadwiththereformresolutely团结奋进，坚定不移地推进改革开放governingandrejuvenatingthecountry执政兴国two-wayinvestment双方相互投资locomotiveinmoderneconomy现代经济的火车头marketvacuum产业缺位peacefulevolution和平演变non-performingAsset不良资产registersystem备案制度greyareameasures灰色区域措施withdrawalofcurrencyfromcirculation货币回笼decontrolofimportandexport进出口权下放worldmulti-polarizationandeconomicglobalization世界多极化、经济全球化fixedparofexchange固定汇兑评价autarchy闭关自守optimizetheeconomicstructure优化经济结构gilt-edgedbonds金边债券underwrite承购包销emancipatethemind,Seektruthfromthefacts,Keeppacewiththetimes解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进ReportoftheWorkingPartyontheAccessionofChina中国加入工作组报告书poolagreement联营协定valueon向某人开出汇票faultliability过失赔偿责任keeptheState-heldshares保持国有股inflation-proofbanksavings保值储蓄retaliatoryduty报复性关税disguisedinflation