2024高考英语冲刺猜题含解析

第27页/共27页高考模拟检测卷（一）试题英语本试卷共分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，满分130分；考试用时为100分钟。本试卷共14页。第I卷选择题（共95分)注意事项：1.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。2.选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应的题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再填涂其它答案，不能答在试卷上。第一部分:英语知识运用（共两节；满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1.—DoyouknowanythingaboutHuaTuo?—_____.HeisthefirstinChinatouseanesthesia(麻醉)duringsurgery.A.Notatall B.Nevermind C.Youbet D.Withpleasure【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情景交际及习惯表达。句意：——你知道华佗吗？——当然。他是中国第一个在手术中使用麻醉的人。A.notatall别客气，一点也不；B.nevermind没关系；C.youbet当然；D.withpleasure没问题，愉快地。根据下文“HeisthefirstinChinatouseanesthesia(麻醉)duringsurgery”可知，此处表达对华佗是了解的，C选项意为“当然”符合题意。故选C项。2.Youngpeoplearemorewillingtostudytheskillsofpapercuttingthesedays,_____localauthoritieshaveputgreateffortsinpromotingthehandicraft.A.if B.though C.as D.unless【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：如今，年轻人更愿意学习剪纸技能，因为当地政府在推广这一手工艺方面付出了很大的努力。A.if如果；B.though尽管；C.as因为；D.unless除非。根据句意，年轻人愿意学习剪纸技能的原因是当地政府在推广，后句是解释原因，as表示“因为”，符合上下文句意，故选C项。3.BeijingWinterOlympicmascotBingDwenDwen_____theheartsofmillionsworldwidesincetheOlympicskickedoffonFebruary4,2022.A.haswon B.willwin C.waswinning D.hadwon【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：自从2022年2月4号北京冬奥会开幕以来，北京冬奥会吉祥物冰墩墩已经赢得了数百万世界人民的心。分析句子结构可知，sincetheOlympicskickedoffonFebruary4,2022为时间状语从句，所以空处需填主句谓语动词，since从句使用一般过去时，主句应使用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在的造成影响或结果，所以空处需用haswon。故选A项。4.TheShenzhou-13returncapsule,carryingthreeastronauts,madean_____andsafelandinginthescheduledareaonApril16,2022.A.active B.accurate C.extreme D.extra【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2022年4月16日，载着三名宇航员的神舟十三号返回舱在预定区域准确、安全着陆。A.active活跃的；B.accurate精确的；C.extreme极其的；D.extra多余的。根据后文safe，可知此处是精确着陆，故选B项。5.TheBattleatLakeChangjinisadomesticfilmmade_____thosebravesoldierswhosacrificedintheWartoResistU.S.AggressionandAidKorea.A.infavorof B.incaseof C.inmemoryof D.inplaceof【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：《长津湖之战》是为了纪念在抗美援朝战争中牺牲的英勇战士而制作的国产电影。A.infavorof支持，赞同；B.incaseof万一，如果发生；C.inmemoryof纪念；D.inplaceof代替。结合空后的“thosebravesoldiers”可知，此处指这部电影是为了纪念那些勇敢的士兵。故选C项。6.—Itwon’ttakelongtoclearuptheclassroomifweallvolunteertohelp.—That’sright._____.A.Manyhandsmakelightwork B.SomethingisbetterthannothingC.Themore,themerrier D.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情景交际及习惯表达。句意：——如果我们都自愿帮忙的话，用不了多久就能把教室打扫干净。——这是正确的。人多好办事。A.Manyhandsmakelightwork众人拾柴火焰高；B.Somethingisbetterthannothing有总比没有好；C.Themore,themerrier多多益善；D.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm早起的鸟儿有虫吃。根据句意可知，如果我们都自愿帮忙，那么打扫干净教室就会更容易，说明人多力量大。A选项“Manyhandsmakelightwork”意为“人多好办事；众人拾柴火焰高”，符合题意。故选A项。7.Nowadays,manychefstake_____fromoldrecipecollectionandrecreatedishestosuityoungappetite.A.purpose B.potential C.virtue D.inspiration【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如今，许多厨师从旧食谱中汲取灵感，重新制作菜肴，以满足年轻人的胃口。A.purpose目的；B.potential潜能；C.virtue美德；D.inspiration灵感。根据“andrecreatedishestosuityoungappetite.”可知，许多厨师从旧食谱中汲取灵感来制作菜肴。故选D。8.Theuseofgeneticengineeringshouldberestrictedtojustthosecases_____thehealthofthemotherorherbabyisthreatened.A.inwhich​​​ B.how C.ofwhom D.why【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：母亲或婴儿健康受到威胁的情况下，基因工程的使用应该被限制。分析句子结构可知，此处是考查定语从句，先行词是cases，在这些情况下是inthosecases。故介词为in，关系代词为which。故选A项。9._____toresemblealotusflower,Singapore’sArtScienceMuseumappearstofloatabovethewaterthatsurroundsit.A.Beingshaped B.Toshape C.Shaped D.Shaping【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：新加坡艺术科学博物馆的形状像一朵莲花，似乎漂浮在周围的水面上。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语Singapore’sArtScienceMuseum与shape之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故选C。10.Iwas_____assignedtohelpwiththedeliveringoffoodintheearthquakerelief,butIarrivedlateandhadtowaitforothertasks.A.fundamentally B.originally C.slightly D.increasingly【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我起初是被安排在地震救援中帮助运送食物，但我迟到了，不得不等待其他任务。A.fundamentally根本地，基础地；B.originally起初，原来；C.slightly稍微，轻微地；D.increasingly不断增加地。由“butIarrivedlateandhadtowaitforothertasks”可知，此处指起初是被安排在地震救援中帮助运送食物，但是后来由于迟到要等待其他任务。故选B项。11.Lookingaroundyourcity,youmay_____girlswearinghanfuinsubwaysorpeoplewearingT-shirtswithChinesecharactersonthestreets.A.sponsor B.suspect C.spread D.spot【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：环顾你所在的城市，你可能会看到地铁里穿着汉服的女孩，大街上穿着印有汉字的t恤的人。A.sponsor赞助；B.suspect怀疑；C.spread传播；D.spot看见。由句意可知，当你在环顾城市周围时，你应该是看到一些穿汉服的女孩和穿印有汉字t恤的人。故选D项。12.Asfossilfuelsareunsustainable,alternativeenergy,suchassunlight,windandwater,_____currently.A.wasemployed B.isbeingemployedC.wereemployed D.arebeingemployed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于化石燃料是不可持续的，目前正在使用替代能源，如阳光、风和水。根据句意和时间状语currently“目前”可知，此空要用现在进行时；句子主语为alternativeenergy，其后附件加成分“suchassunlight,windandwater”不影响主语的人称和数，energy是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式；主语与谓语动词employ之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态；综上，谓语动词employ用现在进行时的被动语态。故选B项。13.Graduatestodaygetmorecreativeintheircareerpursuits,andcanquicklyrespondtoandchangewith_____themarketdemands.A.when B.which C.what D.that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：今天的毕业生在他们的职业追求中更有创造性，可以根据市场的需求快速响应和改变。分析句子结构可知，空处需填名词性从句的引导词，在句中作demands的宾语，应用连接代词what。故选C项。14.—Whodidtheteacherhave_____aspeechforthegraduationceremonyjustnow?—Ihavenoidea,either.A.addressed B.address C.addressing D.toaddress【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——刚才老师让谁在毕业典礼上发言了？——我也不知道。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词是have，所以空处需填非谓语动词，havesbdo...“让某人做……”，空处应填动词原形address，作宾语补足语。故选B项。15.—Thecomputerkeepsremindingme“Error,can’tsavethefile”.—Well,you_____thesoftwareyesterdayasthetechnicianrecommended.Thisoldversiondoesn’tworkwell.A.shouldhaveupdated B.musthaveupdatedC.couldn’thaveupdated D.needn’thaveupdated【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查shouldhavedone用法。句意：——电脑一直提醒我“出错了，不能保存文件”。——嗯，你昨天本应该按照技术人员的建议更新软件的。这个旧版本不太好用。A.shouldhaveupdated本应该更新；B.musthaveupdated肯定更新了；C.couldn’thaveupdated不可能更新了；D.needn’thaveupdated本不必要更新。根据“Thisoldversiondoesn’tworkwell.”可知，此处表示“昨天本应该更新软件”，shouldhavedone表示过去本应该做而没做的事情。故选A项。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从16-35各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将其涂黑。WhenschoolstartedonthatwarmAugustday,I____16____myselfintoallthesportsIdid,includingvolleyball.Idecidedtobecome____17____andstoppedeatingcompletely.SoonIbeganlosingweight,____18____thrilledme,andIevengrewtolovethe____19____thatcamewithmypoordiet,foritmeantthatIwaswinning.Astheseasonprogressed,thingshadbecome____20____betweenmyheadvolleyballcoach,CoachSmith,andme.Feelingsomethingwaswrongwithmy____21____,shetalkedwithmeandtriedtopersuademetoeat____22____ahealthyway.Wethenarguedconstantly.Later,myhungerstartedtoaffectmy____23____.Iwassotiredthatpracticeandgameswerebecomingastruggle.Oneafternoon,with____24____inhereyes,CoachSmithaskedmewhatIhadeaten.Itoldher____25____yet,andIwasn’tgoingto.Shelookedatme,hurtinhereyes,knowinghereffortsare____26____,andwalkedaway.AcoupleofweekslaterI____27____aformaldinnerforourvolleyballteam.Istoodthereasmycoachmanagedtosaysomethingniceaboutme.IrealizedsuddenlythatIhad____28____mysenioryearbybeingdisrespectful,andprobablyhersaswell.SothateveningIwroteheraletter____29____andthankingher.ThenoneSaturday,asIwasreadinginthelibrary,Ifeltsomeone____30____takemyarmandsaysoftly,“LynnJones,howareyoudoing?”Ilookedupandsawthefamiliarface.“Thanksfortheletter,”shesaid.“It____31____alot.”WhenIthinkofacoach,Ithinkofsomeone____32____me,someonewhogivesinstruction—notafriend.ButCoachSmithisdifferent,and,likeanyothergoodfriend,she____33____myproblempersistentlyevenwhenIhatedherforitatthattime.____34____Ididn’tdeserveherkindness,shegaveitanyway.Iwillforeverbegratefulforherhelpandnowforher____35____.16.A.removed B.threw C.flew D.struck17.A.slim B.strong C.healthy D.suitable18.A.why B.what C.which D.when19.A.patience B.presence C.weakness D.selflessness20.A.limited B.smooth C.easy D.tense21.A.honor B.state C.credit D.academy22.A.on B.in C.to D.at23.A.appearance B.opportunity C.dependence D.performance24.A.caution B.relief C.satisfaction D.concern25.A.nothing B.everything C.something D.anything26.A.inneed B.inreturn C.invain D.inparticular27.A.attended B.missed C.recommended D.mentioned28.A.ruined B.improved C.experienced D.controlled29.A.responding B.denying C.complaining D.apologizing30.A.painfully B.gently C.rapidly D.randomly31.A.read B.claimed C.meant D.announced32.A.above B.below C.outside D.across33.A.cameacross B.dealtwith C.toreapart D.heldout34.A.Unless B.Because C.As D.Though35.A.friendship B.challenge C.competition D.cooperation【答案】16.B17.A18.C19.C20.D21.B22.B23.D24.D25.A26.C27.A28.A29.D30.B31.C32.A33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在训练过程中因减肥节食问题与教练的观点不同导致两人关系紧张，但最终作者给教练写信道歉，最终两人和好的故事。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在八月温暖的开学的日子里，我全身心地投入到所有的运动中，包括排球。A.removed切除；B.threw扔；C.flew飞；D.struck罢工。根据“WhenschoolstartedonthatwarmAugustday”以及“allthesports”说明作者新学期开学忙着参加活动，所以这里指全身心的投身运动。短语“throwsb.intosth.”意为“全身心的投入…”。故选B。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我决定减肥，并完全停止进食。A.slim苗条的；B.strong建强的；C.healthy健康的；D.suitable合适的。根据下文“stoppedeatingcompletely.(停止进食)”可知，作者想变瘦，所以节食。故选A。【18题详解】考查关系词辨析。句意：很快我开始瘦下来，这让我很兴奋。A.why为什么；B.what什么；C.which哪一个；D.when当…时。根据句子结构分析可知，此处为关系词引导定语从句，先行词为前面的主句，从句中缺少主语，因此使用which，故选C。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我甚至渐渐爱上了不良饮食带来的虚弱感，因为这意味着我赢了。A.patience耐心；B.presence出席；C.weakness虚弱；D.selflessness无私。根据上文“stoppedeatingcompletely.(停止进食)”以及下文“mypoordiet”可知，作者完全禁食，因此身体会变得虚弱，故选C。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着赛季的进行，我的排球主教练史密斯教练和我之间的关系变得紧张起来。A.limited有限的；B.smooth光滑的；C.easy简单的；D.tense紧张的。析。根据下文“Wethenarguedconstantly.(我们激烈的争吵)”可知，此处我们的关系变得紧张，故选D。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练感觉我的状态有问题，她和我交谈，试图说服我以健康的方式吃饭。A.honor荣誉；B.state状态；C.credit信贷；D.academy学院。根据上文“stoppedeatingcompletely.(停止进食)”可知，我完全禁食之后，我的身体状态会变得虚弱，出现问题。故选B。【22题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：教练感觉我的状态有问题，她和我交谈，试图说服我以健康的方式吃饭。A.on在…上；B.in在…里；C.to到…；D.at在...。根据短语“in...way”意为“用的方式”，故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我们不断地争吵。后来，我的饥饿感开始影响我的表现。A.appearance外观；B.opportunity机会；C.dependence依赖；D.performance表现。根据下文“Iwassotiredthatpracticeandgameswerebecomingastruggle.(我很疲惫，因此训练和比赛变得很艰难)”可知，我减肥之后身体状态变差，影响了自己在赛场上的表现。故选D。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，史密斯教练带着关切的眼神问我吃了什么。A.caution谨慎；B.relief释放；C.satisfaction满足感；D.concern担心。根据下文“CoachSmithaskedmewhatIhadeaten.(教练问我吃了说什么)”可知，教练带着关切的眼神问作者吃了什么。故选D。【25题详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：我什么都没告诉她，也不打算告诉她。A.nothing什么都没有；B.everything一切；C.something一些东西；D.anything任何东西。根据下文“CoachSmithaskedmewhatIhadeaten.(我也不打算告诉她)”以及“Iwasn’tgoingto.”可知，这里对教练什么都没说。故选A。【26题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她看着我，眼里带着被伤害神情，知道自己的努力白费了，然后走开了。A.inneed贫穷；B.inreturn作为回报；C.invain徒劳；D.inparticular尤其。根据上文“Itoldher___yet,andIwasn’tgoingto.”以及“walkedaway.”可知，教练感觉我伤害了她，并走开，说明她的关心劝导对我没起作用，所以才会走开。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个星期后，我参加了我们排球队的一个正式晚宴。A.attended参加；B.missed错过；C.recommended建议；D.mentioned提到。根据下文“Istoodthereasmycoachmanagedtosaysomethingniceaboutme.(当天努力劝导我时，我站在那听着)”，可知我当时站在晚宴现场，因此我参加了这次晚宴。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到，我对她的不敬毁了我的高三，可能也毁了她的高三。A.ruined毁掉；B.improved改善；C.experienced体验；D.controlled控制。根据下文“bybeingdisrespectful(对她不尊重)”可知，我做了不妥的事情，因此使得我的高三很糟糕，故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以那天晚上我给她写了一封信，向她道歉并表示感谢。A.responding回应；B.denying否认；C.complaining抱怨；D.apologizing道歉。根据上文bybeingdisrespectful.”以及下文“thankingher”可知，我意识到自己对她的无礼，因此我写信是向她道歉。故选D。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：后来的一个星期六，我正在图书馆看书，感觉有人轻轻地拉着我的胳膊，轻声地说。A.painfully痛苦地；B.gently轻轻地；C.rapidly迅速地；D.randomly随机地。根据下文的“softly(温柔地)”可知，此处老师是轻轻地拉我胳膊。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢谢你的信，这对我意义重大。A.read读；B.claimed声称；C.meant意味着；D.announced宣布。根据上文“Thanksfortheletter(谢谢你的信)”可知，教练很感激我写信给她，这是对她的认可和尊重，因此对她很重要。故选C。【32题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：当我想到教练时，我想到的是像我的上级一样的人，一个给予指导的人，而不是一个朋友。A.above以上；B.below下面；C.outside外面；D.across通过。根据“whogivesinstruction(给与指导)”可知，作者把教练当成是上级一样的人，教练是指导学员的。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但史密斯教练不同，和其他好朋友一样，她坚持不懈地解决我的问题，即使我当时因此而讨厌她。A.cameacross遇到；B.dealtwith处理；C.toreapart撕开；D.heldout伸出。根据“myproblempersistently”以及整篇文章语义可知，教练关心我的健康，帮助我训练，因此这里是帮助解决各种问题。故选B。【34题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然我配不上她的善意，但她还是给了我善意。A.Unless除非；B.Because因为；C.As随着；D.Though虽然。根据前后句关系可知，此处表示我之前不知好歹，不介绍教练善意的劝解，但是教练仍然无私的帮助我，前后句是让步关系，故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我将永远感激她的帮助，现在感谢她的友谊。A.friendship友谊；B.challenge挑战；C.competition竞争；D.cooperation合作。根据全文可知，教练在运动上辅导我，在生活上关心我，因此教练对我来说，是亦师亦友，故选A。第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAnewyearbringsanewcalendarofexhibitionsandtherearesomanyfantasticshowstogetstuckinto.Makeseeingmoreartyournewyear’sresolutionandstartfillingyourdiarywiththeseunmissableexhibitions.CalligraphicAwardsLantingXu,writtenbycalligrapherWangXizhiinthemid-4thcentury,isconsideredoneofthegreatestpiecesofChinesecalligraphy.ItthereafterinspiredtheChinaCalligraphersAssociationtolaunchtheChinaCalligraphyLantingAwards,thecountry’stopawardsforthecreationofcalligraphy.AnexhibitionnowattheNationalArtMuseumofChinashowssuchhandwrittenpiecesby19artistswhohavereceivedLanting'slifetimeachievementawards.TheexhibitionrunsuntilApril27.9:00am-5:00pm,closedonMondays.RefocusingontheMediumWorksby17trailblazers(先锋)inexperimentalvideoartfromChina,JapanandSouthKoreaarebeingshownatRefocusingontheMedium:TheRiseofEastAsiaVideoArt,asurveyexhibitionattheMinshengArtMuseum.Itisanunprecedentedartexploration—howvideoisreshapingartisticcreationsincethe1960s.Ittakesviewerstothepastandthefrontiersofvideoart.TheexhibitionendsonMay8.10:00am-5:00pm,closedonWednesdays.RebuildingIdealsYinZhaoyangisaleadingartistofhisgeneration.Hehasdevelopedahighlypersonalizedapproachtolandscapepainting,exploringtherelationsbetweenindividualsandsociety,historyandthepresent.RebuildingIdeals,anexhibitionattheTangContemporaryArtMuseum,reviewsYin’screationandmethodsofthinkingovermorethan20years.TheexhibitionrunsuntilMay5.10:00am-5:00pm,closedonFridays.ReverseReconstructionContemporaryartistYangMushiisshowinginstallations(设备)madebetween2019and2022athisfourthsoloexhibition,ReverseReconstruction,atGalerieUrsMeile.ItshowsYang'scontinuousexplorationofthepresentationsofmaterials,suchasstainlesssteel,woodandplastics.Hisworksexaminethemeaningsofhandworkandmassproductionthathavereshapedpeople’swayoflife.TheexhibitionrunsuntilMay15.11:00am-6:30pm,closedonMondays.36.Whatistheauthor’swritingpurposeofthepassage?A.Tostresstheimportanceofkeepinganartdiary.B.Torecommendseveralmust-seeartexhibitions.C.Todiscusswhypeopleshouldgotoexhibitions.D.Toencouragereaderstomakenewyear’sresolution.37.IfyouwanttoseeCalligraphicAwards,youshouldtrytoavoid_________.A.10:30amonSundayB.11:00amonWednesdayC.2:30pmonMondayD.4:00pmonFriday38.WhichofthefollowingisTrueaboutRefocusingontheMedium?A.TheexhibitionwillbeinprogressuntilMay8.B.Theexhibitionisavailablethroughouttheweek.C.TheexhibitionmerelyfeaturesworksbyChineseartists.D.Theexhibitionhasreshapedartisticcreationsince1960s.39.Whereshouldyougoifyouareinterestedinproductionhistory?A.GalerieUrsMeile.B.MinshengArtMuseum.C.NationalArtMuseumofChina.D.TangContemporaryArtMuseum.40.Inwhichsectionofthenewspapercanyoumostpossiblyreadthepassage?A.Business.B.Sports.C.Culture.D.Nature.【答案】36.B37.C38.A39.A40.C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文，文章推荐了4个精彩的艺术展览。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Anewyearbringsanewcalendarofexhibitionsandtherearesomanyfantasticshowstogetstuckinto.Makeseeingmoreartyournewyear’sresolutionandstartfillingyourdiarywiththeseunmissableexhibitions.(新的一年带来了新的展览日历，有很多精彩的展览让你沉迷其中。把看更多的艺术作品作为你的新年决心，开始把这些不可错过的展览填进你的日记)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是为了推荐几个必看的艺术展览。故选B项。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据“CalligraphicAwards”中的“9:00am-5:00pm,closedonMondays(上午九时至下午五时，星期一休息)”可知，CalligraphicAwards营业时间是每天上午9点到下午五点，且周一闭馆，如果你想看CalligraphicAwards，你应该避开周一。故选C项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据“RefocusingontheMedium”中的“TheexhibitionendsonMay8(展览将于5月8日结束)”可知，RefocusingontheMedium展览将持续到5月8日。故选A项。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ContemporaryartistYangMushiisshowinginstallations(设备)madebetween2019and2022athisfourthsoloexhibition,ReverseReconstruction,atGalerieUrsMeile.(当代艺术家杨牧时在他的第四次个展“反向重建”中展出了2019年至2022年期间制作的设备)”和“Hisworksexaminethemeaningsofhandworkandmassproductionthathavereshapedpeople'swayoflife.(他的作品审视了重塑人们生活方式的手工和大规模生产的意义)”可知，如果你对生产历史感兴趣，你应该去GalerieUrsMeile，故选A项。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Anewyearbringsanewcalendarofexhibitionsandtherearesomanyfantasticshowstogetstuckinto.(新的一年带来了新的展览日历，有很多精彩的展览让你沉迷其中)”可知，文章主要是介绍展览，和文化有关，所以最可能在报纸的文化专栏读到这篇文章。故选C项。BForMaoZhongwu,whowasparalyzed(瘫痪)fromthewaistdowninanaccidentalfall16yearsago,sportshaveopenedupanewworld.The37-year-oldcross-country“sit-skier”collectedonegoldandtwosilvermedalsattheBeijingWinterParalympicGames—inmen’smiddle-distance,men’ssprint(短距离)andmen’slongdistance,respectively.“Itwassportsthatmademecomeoutofthelowestpointinmylifeandchangedmephysically,mentallyandspiritually,”Maosaid.BornandraisedinDalian,Liaoningprovince,Maohasbeenfondofsportssincechildhood.Theaccidentchangedeverything.Paralysisendedhisfunctionalindependence.Hehadtoliveunderhismother’scare.Foralongtime,hefeltashamedandwasunwillingtogoout.In2017,persuadedbyhismother,hestartedtolearntabletennis.Tendayslater,hetookpartinacitywidecompetitionandperformedwell.FanYi,acoachfromthesportsdepartmentofDalian’sservicecenterforthedisabled,pickedMaoandbroughthimtothewheelchairracingteam.FanrecalledthatinthebeginningMaodidn’tdaretotalkwithotherpeople.Buthegraduallybecamecheerfulandconfidentintraining.Threeyearsago,Maoshiftedtotrainforcross-countryskiing.“Asanolderathlete,herecoversslowly.Heperseveredthroughwillpower,”Fansaid.Maosaidthatwhenhedecidedtobeaprofessionalathlete,hetoldhimselftherewasnoturningback.“Ihaveexperiencedthebitternessoflife,andIknowthisisarareopportunitythatImustseize,”hesaid.Everyone’sbodyhasitslimits.Whenhewassufferingthroughtheperiodoftirednesscausedbyovertraining,hethoughthewastoooldtocompeteintheOlympics.“ButInevergaveup.Withthesupportofmyteam,Isteppedtowardmygoalsonebyone,”hesaid.“AlthoughI’mnotyoungnow,IwillkeeptrainingandeyeonmoregoldmedalsaslongasIcan.”41.WhatcanbeinferredaboutMaoZhongwufromthepassage?A.Hewasparalyzedattheageof16.B.Hewonthegoldmedalinmen’ssprint.C.Hewasgratefulfortheaccident.D.Hefoundnewlifeinsportsaftertheaccident.42.WhydidMaoZhongwuresistgoingoutaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Becausehefeltembarrassedbyhisdisability.B.Becausehepreferreddoingsportsindoors.C.Becausehecouldn’tgooutwithoutanyassistance.D.Becausehesufferedfromdepressionandanxiety.43.AccordingtoFanYi,thebiggestchallengeforMaoZhongwuwas_________.A.hisageB.hispoormentalstateC.thelackofconfidenceD.thebitternessofhislife44.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMaoZhongwu?A.Adventurousandcreative.B.Passionateandsympathetic.C.Determinedandpersistent.D.Intelligentandcommunicative.45.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinthepassage?A.Allgoodthingscometoanend.B.Everymanisthemasterofhisfate.C.Oneshouldn’tmissforestforthetrees.D.Oneman’sjunkisanotherman’streasure.【答案】41.D42.A43.A44.C45.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述中国残奥滑雪运动员毛忠武16岁时因意外跌落而导致下半身瘫痪，是体育让他走出人生低谷，他通过自强不息，从不放弃，在北京冬季残奥会中获得一枚金牌和两枚银牌。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“‘Itwassportsthatmademecomeoutofthelowestpointinmylifeandchangedmephysically,mentallyandspiritually,’Maosaid.(‘是体育让我走出人生的低谷，从身体上、心理上和精神上都改变了我，’毛说)”可知，事故发生后，他在体育运动中获得了新生。故选D项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Foralongtime,hefeltashamedandwasunwillingtogoout.(很长一段时间，他感到羞愧，不愿意出去)”可知，因为对自己身体上的残疾感到羞愧，他很长时间不愿意出门。故选A项。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘Asanolderathlete,herecoversslowly.Heperseveredthroughwillpower,’Fansaid.(‘作为一名年纪较大的运动员，他恢复得很慢。他是靠意志力坚持下来的。’范说。)”可知，在教练范毅看来，毛忠武最大的挑战是年龄较大。故选A项。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Heperseveredthroughwillpower(他靠意志力坚持下来)”和第四段“ButInevergaveup.Withthesupportofmyteam,Isteppedtowardmygoalsonebyone(但我从未放弃。在我的团队的支持下，我一步一步地朝着我的目标迈进)”以及“AlthoughI’mnotyoungnow,IwillkeeptrainingandeyeonmoregoldmedalsaslongasIcan.(虽然我现在已经不年轻了，但只要我能，我还是会继续训练，争取更多的金牌)”可知，毛忠武有决心且坚持不懈。故选C项。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述中国残奥滑雪运动员毛忠武16岁时因意外跌落而导致下半身瘫痪，是体育让他走出人生低谷，他通过自强不息，从不放弃，在北京冬季残奥会中获得一枚金牌和两枚银牌。故作者通过他的故事想要告诉我们“每个人都是自己命运的主人”。故选B项。CPeoplewhogrowupoutsideofcitiesarebetteratfindingtheirwayaroundthanurbanites,alargestudyonnavigationsuggests.Theresults,describedonlineonMarch30inNature,hintthatlearningtohandleenvironmentalcomplexityasachildstrengthensmentalmusclesforspatialskills.Nearly400,000peoplefrom38countriesaroundtheworldplayedavideogamecalledSeaHeroQuest,designedbyscientistsandgamedevelopersasafunwaytocollectdataaboutpeople’sbrains.Playerspilotedaboatinsearchofvarioustargets.Onaverage,peoplewhosaidtheyhadgrownupoutsideofcities,wheretheywouldhaveprobablyencounteredlotsofcomplicatedpaths,werebetteratfindingthetargetsthanpeoplewhowereraisedincities.What’smore,thedifferencebetweencityresidentsandoutsiderswasmostobviousincountrieswherecitiestendtohavesimplelayouts(布局),suchasChicagowithitsstreetslaidoutat90-degreeangles.Thesimplerthecities,thebiggertheadvantageforpeoplefrommoreruralareas,cognitivescientistAntoineCoutrotofCNRSandhiscolleaguesreport.Still,fromthesevideogamedata,scientistscan’tdefinitivelysaythatthechildhoodenvironmentisbehindthedifferencesinnavigation.Butit’spossible.“Asakid,ifyouareexposedtoacomplexenvironment,youlearntofindyourway,andyoudeveloptherightcognitiveprocessestodoso,”Coutrotsays.Otherfactorshavebeenlinkedtonavigationalperformance,includingage,gender,educationandevenasuperiorsenseofsmell.Figuringoutthesedetailswillgivedoctorsamoreprecisebaseline(基准)ofaperson’snavigationalabilities.That,inturn,mighthelprevealwhentheseskillsweaken,astheydoinearlyAlzheimer’sdisease,forinstance.46.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“urbanites”inParagraph1referto?A.Thosewholiveclosetourbanareas.B.Thosewhoarefromruralareas.C.Thosewhoareraisedincities.D.Thosewholongforurbanlife.47.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.ByplayingagamecalledSeaHeroQuest.B.Bygatheringdatafromthevideogame.C.Byrecordingelectricalactivitiesinbrains.D.Bycomparingvarioustargetsofthegame.48.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3and4?A.Cityoutsidersperformednobetterthancityresidentsinthestudy.B.Cities’simplelayoutsgavecityresidentsanadvantageinthegame.C.Therewasnosignificantdifferencebetweencityresidentsandoutsiders.D.Theplayers’performancehadsomethingtodowiththeirearlierexperience.49.WhichofthefollowingmayCoutrotagreewith?A.Childhoodsurroundingsmightaffectpeople’snavigationalabilities.B.Genderandeducationarekeytodevelopingnavigationalabilities.C.Asuperiorsenseofsmellbearsnorelationtonavigationalabilities.D.ThestudyofnavigationalabilitiescanhelpcureAlzheimer’sdisease.50.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowenvironmentimpactsearlychildhooddevelopmentB.WhyisearlychildhoodeducationimportantforourfutureC.WhenisthebesttimetoobtainyournavigationalskillsD.Whereyougrewupmayshapeyournavigationalskills【答案】46.C47.B48.D49.A50.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了儿童时期的成长环境影响着人的导航能力。【46题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一句的than可知作者拿urbanites和peoplewhogrowupoutsideofcities(在城市以外长大的人)对比，所以urbanties（Thosewhoareraisedincities.）指的是城市人。故选C项。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Nearly400,000peoplefrom38countriesaroundtheworldplayedavideogamecalledSeaHeroQuest,designedbyscientistsandgamedevelopersasafunwaytocollectdataaboutpeople’sbrains（来自世界38个国家的近40万人玩了一款名为‘海洋英雄探索’的视频游戏，该游戏由科学家和游戏开发商设计，是一种收集人类大脑数据的有趣方式。）”可知研究人员是通过收集视频游戏的数据来进行研究的。故选B项。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Onaverage,peoplewhosaidtheyhadgrownupoutsideofcities,wheretheywouldhaveprobablyencounteredlotsofcomplicatedpaths,werebetteratfindingthetargetsthanpeoplewhowereraisedincities.（通常，那些说自己在城市以外长大的人，在那里他们可能会遇到许多复杂的道路，比在城市长大的人更善于找到目标。）”可知一个人早期的成长环境影响着他们在游戏中的表现。故选D项。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段Coutrot所说的“Asakid,ifyouareexposedtoacomplexenvironment,youlearntofindyourway,andyoudeveloptherightcognitiveprocessestodoso（作为一个孩子，如果你接触到一个复杂的环境，你就会学会找到道路，并发展出正确的认知过程。）”可知，Coutrot认为儿童时期的成长环境影响人们的导航能力。故选A项。【50题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要通过对比在城里长大人和在城外长大的人在导航能力方面的差异告诉我们人的成长环境可能影响人的导航能力。所以短文的最佳标题为“你成长的地方可能会影响你的导航能力”。故选D项。DCourageisahighlyadmiredvirtue.Whenaskedtodescribecourage,mostpeopleconjureup(脑中浮现)theimageofanindividualrunningintoaburningbuilding,ormaybeaherosavingtheworld.Butthere'sanotherformofbraverythat'smuchmoreimportantbecauseitcomesupmoreoften.It'scalledmoralcourage.Moralcourageistheabilitythatallowsustofaceourfearsandtoconquerourdarkestfears.It’stheabilitytofacethefuturewithoutknowingwhatiscertain.It’stheabilitytostandtallandconfrontthosewhoopposeus,thosewhopreventusfromrealizingwhoweareandwhatweare.Butmostimportantly,it’stheabilitytostandupforwhat’sright,eventhoughtherearerisksthatstandinyourway.SaraAndersononcesaidthat"Ittakesgreatcouragetofaithfullyfollowwhatweknowtobetrue."Thepotentialofshowingmoralcouragehasthepowerofchangingtheworld.ItwasbecauseofthemoralcouragethatMahatmaGandhiwasabletomakeIndiafreefromBritishrule.Hefoughtbravelyagainstthemwithouttheuseofanyweaponbypresentinggreatmoralcourage.Inthisway,healsobecameagreatexampleforthepeopleofthewholeworld.ItisnotthatwerememberGandhibecauseofhisbodyorbeauty.Werememberhimbecauseofthegreatideasandprinciplesofhislife.Moralcourageisessentia