高考英语新课标备考针对学生课件

2012届高考英语（新课标）备考方案（针对高三考生）

第二讲

1IhearandIforget,IseeandIremember,IdoandIunderstand.------JohnDewey

听而易忘，见而易记，做而易懂。

----约翰•杜威Historiesmakemenwise;poetswitty;themathematicssubtile(=subtle);naturalphilosophydeep;moralgrave;logicandrhetoricabletocontend.Abeuntstudiainmores.

------FrancisBacon

史鉴使人明智，诗赋使人巧慧，数学使人精细，博物使人深沉，修行使人端庄，逻辑、修辞使人擅辩，凡有所学，均受陶冶。----弗兰西斯•培根

2完形填空和阅读理解的复习方法综述：完形填空和阅读理解均为考查考生在篇章层面上综合语言的运用能力。完形填空偏于在短文背景下对词法、语法、惯用法、上下文等基础知识、基本语用、人文背景等的考查。阅读理解则是全面考查考生的综合语言运用能力，即语言技能（听、说、读、写），语言知识（语音、词汇、语法、功能、话题），情感态度（动机兴趣、自信意志、合作精神、祖国意识、国际视野），学习策略（认知策略、调控策略、交际策略、资源策略），文化意识（文化知识、文化理解、跨文化交际意识和能力）。进一步考查考生用英语获取信息、3处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，特别注重考查考生用英语思维和表达的能力；进一步拓宽国际视野，增强爱国主义精神和民族使命感，形成健全的情感、态度、价值观，为未来发展和终身学习奠定良好的基础。

4完形填空复习方法近十年来，尤其近五年，完形填空的设计更强调了“突出语篇，强调应用，注重实际”的原则和理念。符合新课标对语言测试的交际性和交际能力的考查。因此，考生要学会在掌握全篇短文思路的基础上去伪从真、去粗取精。复习时，反复阅读正确的原文是答好这种类型试题的不二选择。要牢记记复习不等于做题。复习时，以阅读理解正确原文为主，辅之以探究出题者的思路和手法，要比做模棱两可的试题更有效，正确印象也更深。复习方法如下：将完形填空试题分组，每组十题或二十题，先读原文，再读5试题,分析出题者的思路，做题时出错的原因。而后做五篇试题检验，周而复始，练到熟能生巧，水到渠成的地步。下面看实例（2011全国新课标试题）：Inourdiscussionwithpeopleonhoweducationcanhelpthemsucceedinlife,awomanrememberedthefirstmeetingofanintroductorysciencecourseabout20yearsago.Theprofessormarchedintothelecturehall,placeduponhisdeskalargejarfilledwithdriedbeans（豆）,andinvitedthestudentstoguesshowmanybeansthejarcontained.Afterlisteningtoshoutsofwildlywrongguessestheprofessorsmiledathin,drysmile,announcedthecorrectanswer,andwenton

6saying,”Youhavejustlearned

animportantlessonaboutscience.Thatis:Nevertrust

yourownsenses.”Twentyyearslater,thewoman

couldguesswhattheprofess-orhadinmind.Hesaw

himself,perhaps,asinvitinghisstudentstostartanexciting

voyageintoanunknownworldinvisible（无形的）tothe

professor

,whichcanbediscoveredonlythroughscientific

methods

.Buttheseventeen-year-oldgirlcouldnotacceptoreven

heartheinvitation.Shewasjustbeginning

toun-derstandtheworld.Andshe

believed

thatherfirsthandexperience7couldbethetruth.Theprofessor,however,saidthatitwaswrong.Hewastakingawayheronlytoolforknowingandwasprovidingherwithnosubstitute.“Irememberfeelingsmallandfrightened,”thewomansays,“andIdidtheonlythingIcoulddo.Idropped

thecoursethatafternoon,andIhaven’tgonenearsciencesince.试题：Inourdiscussionwithpeopleonhoweducationcanhelpthemsucceedinlife,awomanrememberedthefirstmeetingofanintroductory36

courseabout20yearsago.Theprofessor

37thelecturehall,placeduponhisdeskalargejarfilledwithdriedbeans（豆）,andinvitedthestudentsto38howmanybeansthejarcontained.After39

shoutsof

8wildlywrongguessestheprofessorsmiledathin,drysmile,announcedthe40answer,andwentonsaying,”Youhavejust41animportantlessonaboutscience.Thatis:Never42yourownsenses.”Twentyyearslater,the43couldguesswhattheprofessorhadinmind.He44himself,perhaps,asinvitinghisstudentstostartanexciting45intoanunknownworldinvisible（无形的）tothe46totheprofessor,whichcanbediscoveredonlythroughscientific

47.

Buttheseventeen-year-oldgirlcouldnotacceptoreven48theinvitation.Shewasjust49tounderstandtheworld.Andshe50

thatherfirsthandexperiencecouldbethe51.The9professor,however,saidthatitwas52.Hewastakingawayheronly53forknowingandwasprovidingherwithnosubstitute.“Irememberfeelingsmalland54,”thewomansays,“andIdidtheonlythingIcoulddo.I55thecoursethatafternoon,andIhaven’tgonenearsciencesince.36.A.

artB.historyC.scienceD.math37.A.searched

forB.lookedat

C.gotthroughD.marchedinto38.A.countB.

guessC.reportD.watch39.A.warning

B.givingC.turningaway

D.listeningto1040.A.readyB.possibleC.correctD.Difficult41.A.learnedB.preparedC.taughtD.taken42.A.loseB.trustC.sharpenD.Show43.A.lecturerB.scientistC.speakerD.woman44.A.describedB.respectedC.sawD.served45.A.voyageB.movementC.changeD.rush46.A.professorB.eyeC.knowledgeD.Light47.A.modelB.sensesC.spiritD.methods48.A.hearB.makeC.presentD.refuse49.A.suggestingB.beginningC.pretendingD.waiting50.A.believedB.doubtedC.provedDexplained51.A.growthB.strengthC.faithD.truth1152.A.firmB.interestingC.wrongD.acceptable53.A.taskB.toolC.successD.connection54.A.cruelB.proudC.frightenedD.brave55.A.droppedB.startedC.passedD.Missed简析：该文描述一位十七岁的少女因恐惧老师教授的认识世界的科学方法而最终放弃学科学的憾事。短文既有对学生的遗憾，又有对老师教学方法需要改进的期待。该文难度一般，第三段略有难度，须仔细推敲。有个别词汇不是常见的含义，要引起注意。下面具体分析。36.

答案C。通读全文，尤其是第二段的倒数第二句可知，此处介绍的是一次有关科学讲座。37.

答案D。指教授走进报告厅，把一罐干豆子放在讲桌上。marchedinto（走进）。1238.答案B。教授请学生们“猜一猜”罐子里盛了多少颗豆子。39.答案D。当“听到”学生们七嘴八舌地乱猜一通之后，教授脸上露出了惨淡的、干瘪的笑容。言外之意是教授痛心学生们还不会用科学的方法认识世界。40.答案C。41.答案A。42.答案B。教授所讲的第一堂课就是，学习科学不可主观臆断不可只相信自己的感觉。43.答案D。44.答案C。See…as…相当于thinkas意思是“认为，看作”。该句的意思是说“他或许自认为在邀请学生们开始步入眼睛所看不到的令人激动的未知世界的汪洋大海”。45.答案A。参见上一题解释。46.答案B。解释参见44。47.答案D。48.答案A。根据前后意思，该句中的invitation不是“邀请”而是“号召、劝导”等含义。这里表示十七岁13的女孩不接受，也不听（教授）的劝说。该题略有难度。

49.答案B。50.答案A。年幼的女孩只相信自己的亲历的，不相信没有经历过的教授的话。51.答案D。52.答案C。教授以为女孩的想法是错的。53.答案B。教授把女孩认识世界的唯一手段（tool）剥夺了，有又没有给她提供替代物（substitute），这是最终导致女孩和科学渐行渐远的原因。54.答案C。因为女孩没有了认识世界的工具或手段，所以感到渺小而心存恐惧。55.答案A。根据意思，此处的drop不是“滴落”而是“放弃、抛离”，相当于abandonordiscontinue。表示女孩对科学心存畏惧而放弃学习了。142012测试卷完形填空DashofHope"Dash"isasymbolwhichrepresentseverydaywe'vespentaliveonearth.Therefore,howyouspendyour"dash"isimpor-tant.RecentlyI

36

aboutalittlegirlnamedHope.Afterlearn-ingmoreaboutherlife,Icouldn'thelpbutfeelitwasnotby

37

,norhappenstance,thatshehadbeennamed"Hope“.Thestrongfeelingofsympathyandgenerosity

38

inheryoungheartmadealastingimpressiononmeandcountlessothers.

39

Ineverhadtheopportunitytomeether,IwishIhad.Itseemsasthoughshewaswisebeyondhertenderyearsandvery,veryspecial.15Hopewasatwelve-year-oldgirlwhowas

40

a"wish"inearlyDecember2010bythe"Make-A-Wish"Foundationafterbeing

41

thatshehadararetypeofbonecancer.However,whenshefoundoutthatmorethan150

42

inherareawerewaitingfortheirwishestobegranted（实现）,sheunselfishlyusedherwishto

43

thatthosechildrenhavetheirwishesgranted.Shealsoaskedthatitbedone

44

January16,2011.Unfortunately,however,theorganizationinformedherthather

45

requestcouldnotbegrantedasthefunds(资金)weresimply

46

.Theycalculatedthattheywouldneedtoraisemorethanone

47

dollarsinthirtydaysinordertograntherwish.48

,butnotdiscouraged,sheturnedherdisappointmentintoanenthusiasmthatinspired

16caring

49

totakeuphelpinggrantthewishesoftheotherchil-dren,andeventually

50

aswell.Newspapercolumnistsandre-portersforradioandTVstations51

thestoryofthiscaringyounggirlwhohad

52

theheartsofsomanyandaswordspread,thecommunitywaschallenged.Committeeswerefannedandschools,corporationsandvariousorganizationsassistedin

53

moneytohelpmakeHope'sdreamcometrue.Hereffortswerenotinvainastheycontinuetohelpothers,notonly

54

,butspirituallyandemotionallyaswell.Atthegatheringtocelebrateherlife,"ACelebrationofHope"onJanuary16,2011,the

55

wasmadethattheyhadindeedreceiveddonationstotalingmorethanonemilliondollars.Herwishhadbeengranted!1736.A.heard

B.thought

C.cared

D.Talked37.A.coincidence

B.independence

C.convenience

D.intelligence38.A.lost

B.carried

C.expected

D.housed39.A.Until

B.UnlessC.Though

D.If40.A.expressed

B.offered

C.made

D.sent41.A.recognized

B.informed

C.reminded

D.understood

42.A.children

B.citizens

C.villagers

D.relatives43.A.suggest

B.ask

C.arrange

D.order44.A.for

B.to

C.on

D.by45.A.final

B.formalC.simpleD.noble1846.A.unbearableB.unbelievableC．unavailableD.uncomfortable[]47.A.thousandB.hundredC.millionD.billion48A.DisappointedB.SurprisedC.WorriedD.Embarrassed49.A.committeesB.individualsC.corporationsD.organizations50.A.theirsB.oursC．hersD.yours[]51.A.wroteB.readC.broadcastD.shared52.A.touchedB.examinedC.wonD.opened53.A.findingB.spendingC.raisingD.borrowing54.A.perfectlyB.physicallyC.healthilyD.thankfully55.A.proposalB.decisionC.conclusionD.announcement简析：该文由衷地赞颂了一位小女孩舍己为人的高尚情操。19虽然身患不治之症，但却乐观地为别人着想，遇到了困难也不气馁，而是想办法解决问题。正如南丁格尔所说：“It’dbebettertolightupthecandlethancursethedarkness.Noonecangiveyoubrightnessexceptyourself.

(与其诅咒黑暗，不如燃起蜡烛。除了你自己，没人能给你光明。)

”。该文有一定难度，生僻字较多，需仔细推敲。下面具体分析。36.答案A。根据前后文可知，作者并没有见过这位小女孩。37.答案A。coincidence（巧合）属于八级词汇，that引导的是一主语从句，意思是人家给她起的Hope这个名字用在这篇文章中恰到好处，而并非巧合。38.答案D。此处的house是动词，意思是“容纳”。39.答案C。

2040.答案B。下文说的是她把希望让给了别人，选此合适。41.答案B。inform（通知，告知）42.答案A。其后有提示。43.答案B。把给自己的愿望请求（ask）给别人。44.答案D。小女孩许愿不能晚于2011年一月十六号。45.答案D。noble(高尚的，崇高的)属于八级词汇。46.答案C。给的四个词均为形容词，加前缀un-，unbearable（不能忍耐的）unbelievable（不可相信的）unavailable（不可得到的）uncomfortable（不舒适的）。47.答案C。该文最后一句有提示。48.答案A。该句可看成Sheshouldbedisappointedbutshedidn’tdiscouraged.Sheturnedherdisappointmentinto...

2149.答案B。根据下文可知，关心此事的有报纸的专栏作家，广播电视台的记者等，因而是individuals(个人)。50.答案C。此处的hers=herwish。51.答案D。52.答案A。touchtheheartsofsomany...53.答案C。47空前已有提示：toraisemorethanonemillion。54.答案B。根据前后意思，此处正好和spiritually相对。55.答案D。在庆祝她一月十六号生命仍在的大会上宣布了她的愿望实现了。22阅读理解复习方法复习时阅读材料分组，每组4至5篇（按高考试卷结构），选材照顾多样性，难易合理搭配；读毕大约用时40分钟左右。复习时每组要求一篇精读，三篇或四篇泛读。精读的标准为：1.能正确理解全文的中心思想，作者的写作意图2.

会分析文中的难重点句子，会用文中的习语、动词短语、句型等3.对超纲的词汇能大致猜出在文中的含义4.对给出的问题要基本答对

泛读的标准为：231.能大致了解短文的主旨，作者的意图2.重要的、影响短文理解的词汇、短语、句型要明白3.非问题所涉及的段落、词语等可略读、扫读4.答对率达到70%即可实例举要（2012测试卷）：Amotivationalstrategythatparentscanemploywiththeirkids,istoframetasksandresponsibilitiesinthecontextofwhattheendbenefitisforthem.IcallthisstrategyWIIFM（"What'sinitforme?"）.WhenateencancombineanunderstandingofWIIFMwithasenseofpassionaboutachievingagoal,barrierswillstarttofallaway．Atourteensummercamps,wearrangeaneventnearthe

24endofthe10-daysessionthathelpscampersidentifyanimportantlifegoalandmentallybreakthroughtheirbiggestbarriertoachievingthegoal.Wepassaround12-by-12-inchpineboards.WetellcampersthatthisactivityisnotaboutbreakingapieceofWood.It'sabouthowyoucangetwhatyouwantinyourlife.It‘saboutbreakingbarrierstograbontoyourgoals.

Theyhavethepowertobreakthroughanybarrier．Ithasno-thingtodowithbodysizeorphysicalcondition.Theskinniest,smallestteenswillbreakthroughtheboardalmostaseasilyasthebigones.

Wetalktothecampersaboutthereasonstheymighthavehadfornotreachingtheirgoalsinthepast.Maybetheygotlazyand

25decideditwasn'tworththeeffort.Maybetheyfailedandlettheirfearoffailureholdthemback.Butthisexerciseisaboutputtingthepastwhereitbelongs.Todayisaboutmakingnewchoices.Bythispointintheprogram,weaskthemtothinkofthegoalthey‘vesetorthemselvesandwritetheirgoalsontheboards.Thentheywritethepossibleobstacleswhichmayholdthembackontheoppositesides.Aninchofpinenowstandsbetweenthemandtheirdreams.Thefacilitatorsandtheirteammatesgatheraround.Thesupportisstrong.Onebyone,theybreakthroughthebarriersandgrabtheirgoals!Allaroundusteensarelaughing,crying,hugging,andholdingupthebrokenpiecesoftheirboards.Theconfidence26shownontheirfacesisbeautiful.

Whilearrangingsuchanactivityinone'shomeisalmostun-realisticforparents,thevalueofhelpingateenbreakthroughapersonalhairiersimplybybeingthereasmoralsupportcannotbeoverestimated.Morehelpforparentsintheformofvideosandarticlesisavailableatourwebsite,inourblogsandinamonthlye-newsletter.56.The12-by-12-inchpineboardsareusedas______.A.materialstotestone'smusclesB.signsofgoalsinone'slifeC.assessmentstoshowone'sprogress

D.symbolsofbarriersinone'slife2757.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthroughtheeventthecampers______．

A.becomehard-workingB.getmoralsupport

C.gainconfidenceD.setrightgoals58.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ThePowerofWIIFMB.What'sinItforMe C.TheImportanceofGoalsD.MotivationalStrategies59.Thepassageisintendedfor______．

A.teensB.parentsC.campersD.tutors简析：该文主要告诉天下的父母们，对自己的孩子要采用激励的策略来培养他们的自信心，为完成既定的目标锲而不舍。281.Generalideaofthepassageisthepowerofamotivationalstra-tergy.2.Importantvocabulary,sentencepatternsandsoon:★

amotivationalstrategy,fallaway,breakthrough,havenothingtodowith…,hold…back,★

Amotivationalstrategythatparentscanemploywiththeirkids,istoframetasksandresponsibilitiesinthecontextofwhattheendbenefitisforthem．分析：Amotivationalstrategyistoframetasksandresponsibi-lities.

Parentscanemployamotivationalstrategywiththeirkids.

29★

Whilearrangingsuchanactivityinone'shomeisalmostun-realisticforparents,thevalueofhelpingateenbreakthroughapersonalhairiersimplybybeingthereasmoralsupportcannotbeoverestimated.分析：Thevaluecannotbeoverestimated.e.g.Hisinfluencecannotbeoverestimated.（他的影响估计再高也不为过。）

Icannotagreemorewithhim.（我非常赞同他的意见。）

Youcannotbetoocarefulinhandingthismatter.

（你在处理这件事时越仔细越好。）

Shecouldn’tthankhimenoughfordoinghisbesttoteachher.

303.猜测课标外单词词义：strategy(策略），context（背景，上下文），passion（激情）identify（辨别，确认），grab（抓住，攫取），obstacle（障碍=barrier），facilitator（推动者，促进者），overestimate（过分估计、评价）4.通过短文后所出的试题来判断所考的是主旨、细节、推理判断、猜测词义、短文结构等，迅速从文章中寻找答案。以上是对精读短文的处理过程。泛读短文无需这样细腻，只要读懂、答对百分之七十即可过关，凡错的、未弄明白的可细读有关的段落，尤其是要总结自己常犯的、屡做屡错的问题。不断提高自己英语的综合语言运用能力，正如英国爵士31乐大师汉弗莱·列堤顿（HumphreyLyttelton）所说：

Aswejourneythroughlife,discardingbaggagealongtheway,weshouldkeepanirongrip,totheveryend,onthecapacityforsilliness.Itpreservesthesoulfromdesiccation.

在人生旅途上，我们沿路丢弃行李，但直到最后一刻，我们也绝不可丢掉犯傻的能力，它能让灵魂免于干涸。阅读中常感到困惑的问题：1.主旨大意要求考生在理解全文的基础上归纳文章要点，概括中心思想。根据文章的结构，抓住文章开头的主题句或文章的结论,最后找出能概括文章主旨的题目和中心思想。常见设问如下：32Whatisthepurposeofthetext/passage/story?Whatisthetext/passage/storymainlyabout?Whatcanwelearnfromthestory/text/passage?Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage/text/story?Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?Thepurposeofthepassageistoshowyouhowto.Apossibletitleforthispassagecouldbe.Whatisthemainproblembeingdiscussedinthepassage?WhatisthepurposeoftheTPCGBcampaign?(2011

B篇)332.

推理判断在掌握全文的基础上，根据全文或段落所提供的事实，加之自己的对常识的认识，进行合理的逻辑推测，判断作者的意图，人物的动机、目的及性格特征，事件发生的前因后果等。常见设问如下：TheauthorusesfiguresinParagraph2toshow

.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?（2011全课标卷A）Wantcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthat

.(2012测试卷D)Whydidtheauthorbringbackhomeanoldmilkbox?（同2）Whyisvegetablegardeningbecomingincreasinglypopular?

(2011全课标卷C)34Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswelearnthat.Accordingtothe4thparagraph,agreatmanypoorpeopleinAmericancities.Wecanconcludefromthetextthat.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouthischildhood?InParagraph3,theauthorpointsoutthat.Whatdoesthelastsentenceoftheparagraphimply?Inthefirstparagraph,theunderlinedsentence“Itshouldn’t.”suggeststhatpeople.14.Inthepassage,thewritertriesto.15.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribedMattReck?35书面表达复习方法书面表达全国各地的书面表达试题多以情景作文为主，且是有条件或背景的指导性作文，他要求考生严格按照所给的条件或背景展开思路，词数限制在100至150个以内（多数省份要求不超过120个词）。历年的考试说明对作文的评分标准都有明确的规定，主要考查考生的思维能力，交际能力和综合语言运用能力。试题形式有图画、图表、提纲、图标加提纲36等。体裁有记叙、议论、夹叙夹议、说明以及应用文中的书信、日记、通知、演讲、板报等。写作训练方法：仔细审题，整体布局，确定时态、人称、时间、地点、写作顺序（若有要求，按要求顺序）；可围绕提示适当发挥，恰当使用转折词、连词等，以使文章字顺文通。熟练掌握五种基本句型，在必要时可扩展成较复杂的句型或从句，少量运用八级词汇，使文章更具深度和可读性。平时多积累一些惯用句型、成语、习语、名言警句以备使用。更要注意书37法工整，标点符号清晰正确。写作训练最好结成对子，先说后写，交换修改，相互帮助。（参见2011）实例：以教材为基础，灵活借用教材中有用的词组、短语、句套子。例如，北京海淀07.1期末试题：InyourEnglishclass,theteachershowsyouthefollowingpictureandasktheclasstodiscussit.Yourclassmateshavedifferentunderstandings.Lookatthepicturecarefullyandtellyourclassmateshowyourunderstandit.38Thereisnohoneyhere,Sir.39Ithinkthepicturesuggeststhatourresourcesarelimited.Honeyistobeeswhatresourcesaretohumanbeings.

Asisshowninthepicture,thebeesfindnohoneyintheflowersbecauseoftheirovercollectingstothelimitedhoney.

Aswithbees,wehumanbeingsalwaystakeit

forgrantedthatourresourcescannotbeusedup.Asaresult,ourresourceshavebeendecreasingsharplyontheearth.Thepicturewarnspeopleof

that.Shouldn'twemakesenseofthisserioussituation?(来自一位学生的答卷)401)A