初中英语语法-并列句的用法(学生版)

初中英语语法—并列句的用法一、并列句的构成：并列句是由并列连词and,but,or,for,so等把两个或两个以上互不依从，但意思紧密联系的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。其结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句。二、并列句的分类：表示同等关系的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词and连接前后简单句，and常译为"和〃、“并且〃，也可不译出来。例如：Helikesplayingfootballandheplayswell.他喜欢踢足球，并且踢得很好。LastyearlmetKateandwebecamefriends.去年我和凯特相遇，我们成了朋友。表示转折关系的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词but（但是），yet（可是），while（而，另一方面），however（可是）等连接前后简单句，but常译为“但是〃，“可是〃，切不可与附属连词though或although一起使用。例如：Ithasnomouth,butitcantalk.它没有嘴巴,但是它会说话。Schoolisover,yetalltheteachersarestillworking.学校放学了，可是老师们仍旧在工作。Hewantstobeawriter,whileIwanttobeascientist.他想当作家,而我则想当科学家。It'sraininghard,however,wemustgoout.雨下得很大,然而我们必须出去。表示选择关系的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词or（或者，否则）等连接前后简单句。or有两重含义：（1）译为“或者〞,表示选择。例如：Nowyoucanhavearestoryoucangotothecinema.现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。（2）译为“否则〞、“要不然〞,表示条件。例如：Youmusttellthetruth,oryouwillbepunished.你必须说真话，否则你将会受到惩处。表示因果关系的并列句这类并列句常用并列连词for,so等连接前后简单句。⑴for在意义上与附属连词because,since和as相同，但它们引导的是原因状语从句，而for则连接两简单句，前者表示结果，后者表示原因。其结构为：简单句(结果)+for+简单句(原因)。例如：Hehasmanygoodfriends,forheisanhonestman。他有许多好朋友，因为他是个老实的男子汉。(2)so意为“因此〃、“所以〃，但不能与because同时出现在同一个句子中。因为because是附属连词，而是并列连词，用来连接并列句。其结构为：简单句(原因)+so牛简单句(结果)。例如：Mr.Liwenttohishometown,soMr.Wangwastakinghisclassinstead.李老师回家乡去了，所以王老师替二课。其他形式的并列句(1)“祈使句+and+简单句〃。其中祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词and引导的简单句则表示一个较好的结果，谓语常用一般将来时。例如：Useyourhead,andyouwillfindaway.动脑筋，你就会想出方法来。(2)“祈使句+or+简单句〃。祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词or后的简单句则表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果。例如：Studyhard,oryouWillfallbehindtheothers.努力学习，否则你就会落于别人。⑶“either...or〃结构表示“不是……就是……〃，"或者……或者……〃，例如：Eithermyunclecandoit,ormyauntcandoit.我叔叔可以做那件事，或者我婶婶也可以做。习惯上将两个句子合并成Eithermyuncleormyauntcandoit.“notonly...butalso"意思为"不仅 而且 ”，例如：notonlythestudentshavemissedtheschoolcar,butalsotheteacherhasmissedtheschoolcar.不仅学生，而且他们的老师都误了校车。“neither…nor…〃结构，意为“既不……也不……"，"两者都不……〃，用法与〔转载自中国教育文摘 ：〃 edU,请保存此标记。〕either...or...,notonly…butalso...相同。三、使用并列句要注意的几种情况并列句有时可不用连词，而用分号隔开(前后句之间的关系须相当紧密)。例如：Wefishedallday;wedidn\'tcatchafish.我们钓了一天的鱼，一条鱼也没钓到。并列连词后的简单句如果与其前的简单句有相同的局部，则相同的局部常可省略。例如：Myfatherworksinafactoryandmymotherinaschool.我父亲在工厂工作,母亲在学校工作。由so,nor,neither连接的并列句，后一简单句为防止重复，其成份常倒装并省略一些。例如：Heisnotastudent,noramI.他不是学生,我也不是。Beibeicanswim,socanI.贝贝会游泳,我也会。四、并列句练习题一、单项选择Workhard, youwillpasstheduringtest.A.orB.butC.becauseD.andStopcuttingtrees, theearthwillbecomeworseandworse.A.andB.thenCbutD.orTheyboughtGrannyapresent shelikeditverymuch.A.andB.soC.butTheyallwenttothecinemaIdidn't.A.getB.orC.butD.so—Hello,Mr.Huang!—I'msorry,Idon'tthinkIknowyou.A.andB.orC.butD.becauseThelittleboyisveryyoung hecanlookafterhimselfwell.A.SoB.butC.ifD.orBillputhishandsbehindhisback, nobodycouldseehishands.A.soB.andC.orD.butNeitheryounorI fromCanada.WearefromAustralia.A.isB.areC.amD.be—Wegetknowledge frombooks fromlife.—Yes,bothareimportant.A.either；orB.notonly；butalsoCneither；norD.not；butMr.BrownknowslittleJapanese,hecan'tunderstandtheinstructionsonthebottleOfthepills.〔202X年X省中考题〕A.soB.orC.butD.for—Canyouplayfootball?—Yes,Ican,Ican'tplayverywell.〔202X年X市海淀区中考题〕A.orB.andC.soD.butThewarwasoveraboutthreemonthsago, theAmericansoldiersinIraqarestillhavingalotoftroubletodealwith.〔202X年X市中考题〕A.orB.andC.butD.soYoumustworkhard,youwillfallbehind.〔202X年X省中考题〕A.andB.butC.soD.orTakeexerciseeveryday,youwillbecomestrongerandstronger.〔202X年X省中考题〕A.orB.andC.butD.whileWorkhard,you'resuretobesuccessfulinthisexam.〔202XX〕A.andB.orC.butD.so—WillyoucomeonMondayorTuesday?—I'mafraiddayispossible.I'llbebusynextweek.A.eitherB.neitherC.bothLilyLucymaygowithyoubecauseoneofthemmuststayathome.〔202XX〕A.Notonly;butalsoB.Neither;norC.Both;and D.Either;orBecarefulwithyourmachine,you'llbehurt. 〔202XX〕A.andB.butC.orD.so—Didn'tyougiverosestoyourfatheronFather'sDay?—Oh,notonlymyfather,mygrandpagotredroses.〔202XX〕A.orB.andC.butD.until—Howdoyoulikethetwopairsofshoes?—Theydon'tfitmewell.Theyaretoobigtoosmall.〔202XX〕A.notonly;butalsoB.both;andC.neither;norD.either;or(202X^X)—Canyouhelpmewithmybusiness?—I’dliketo, Ihaveameetingtoattend.A.becauseB.asC.butD.and(202X^X)—IhearyourgrandpayourgrandmalikewatchingMinOpera.—Right,justasmanyoldpeopledoinFuzhou.A.both;andB.either;orC.neither;norD.notonly;butalsoWorkhard, you’llpasstheEnglishexamthistime.A.orB.butC.becauseD.andIt’sanicehouse ithasn’tgotagarden.A.andB.orC.butD.so(202X^X)Helpotherswheneveryoucanyou'llmaketheworldanicerplacetolive.A.andB.orC.unlessD.but—Ihavelostmypen.—Usemypen. .A.HereyouareB.HereareyouC.HereisitD.HeretheyareHurry, weshallbelateforschool.A.andB.orC.butD.soSheaskedmetogo, Iwent.A.forB.soC.butD.orThetraindidn’tstop madeusstayatschooluntil7o’clockinthemorning.A.butB.soC.anditD.orShedidn’tliketoplaybasketball, helikessinginganddancing.A.orB.butC.andD.so二、在空格中填入适当的连词。Shetriedhard,shewasunsuccessful.Putonmoreclothes,youmaycatchcold.Youmaydoityourselfleaveittome.Intheolddayshecouldreadwrite.HecouldreadFrenchspeakitwell.Thereislittlehopeofsuccessthereisnoharmintrying.Heknewnothingagainsttheman;hedidn'ttrusthim.Ican'tbuyanewsuitnow,thisoldonewillhavetodoforabitlonger.Ididn'tknowEnglish,Ihadtoasksomeonetobemyinterpreter.ShemustbefromHunan,onlyHunanesetalkinthatway.Youwalkaheadyouknowthewaybetter.Shedoesn'thavetodoitshedoesn'twantto.hewasgoingoverthenotes,hemadeanimportantdiscovery.Hegotmoreandmoreexcitedhetalkedon.Givemearingyouneedmyhelp.Wecan'tgiveyouananswerwegetinstructionsfromourgovernment.youtakethemedicineyou'llfeelbetter.Theyfoughtbravelytheyknewtheirswasajustcause.Hewentonfightinghewasinjuredintheleg.Thingsdidn'tgosmoothlywehadexpected.三、翻译以下句子。努力学习，你会成功的。赶快，否则我们会迟到的。我正要出去，这时他来了。他一到达火车站，火车就开了。他是一个好学生，每个人都喜欢他。他一个错误也没犯。众所周知，他是一个著名的科学家。听到这个消息，他们很快乐。直到他开始工作，他才意识到自己是错的。无论怎样努力，她都无法把门翻开。并列句加强训练题一.用适当的并列连词填空〔and,but,so,for,or〕。1．Goalongthestreet， you'llfindtheshop．2．Theweatherwasverycold, manypeoplewereill．3．Peoplethinkwelookthesame, Icanseethatwe'redifferent．4．Iknowhim Ican'trememberhisname．5．Youmaygowithhim stayathome．6．Let'stakethestoneaway, theremaybeanaccident．7．Theshopwasquitenew, ithadopenedonlytheweekbefore．8．Myglasseswerebroken, Ineedanewpair．二.选择填空。—Becareful,youwillmakemistakesinyourexams.—Iknowthat,Mum.Onecanneverbetoocareful．A．and B．orC．norD．butWorkhard,youmaycatchupwithyourclassmatessoon.A.or B.butC.and D.yet—WilltheforeignershaveanyproblemstalkingwithChineseinBeijingin202X?—Idon'tthinkso.NowtheyoungtheoldarelearningtospeakEnglish.A.only,exceptB.either,orC.neither,norD.notonly,butalsoyouheisabletoski,butIam.A.Both,andB.Notonly,butalsoC.Either,orD.Neither,norI’dliketogoshoppingwithyou,I'mtoobusytoday.A.but B.and C.so D.or一WhoinTom'sfamilywillcometoyourbirthdayparty?一EitherTom anyofhissistersiscoming.A.and B.but C.or D.nor一Youwatchedthefashionshowlastnight,didn'tyou?-Yes,Imissedthebeginning.A.soB.andC.butD.thenLucyLilymaygototheconcertwithyou,becausetheyarenotallowedtogooutonschoolnights.A.Either;orB.Neither;norC.Both;andD.Notonly;butalso—Somebodyiswaitingoutside.Hewantstoseeyou.—nooneknowsI'mhere.A.For B.And C.But D.SoHurryup,youwillbelateforthefilm.A.yet B.and C.but D.or11．Workhard， you'llcatchupwithothers．A．andB．butC．orD．for12．Bequick， you'llbelateforthefootballmatch．A．