高考英语大一轮复习-第2-第2块2-非谓语动词练习高三全册英语试题

毛额市鹌鹑阳光实验学校专题二非谓语动词————————————◄对点训练►———————————Ⅰ.单句语法填空(高考真题改编)1.(天津卷)________(learn)tothinkcriticallyisanimportantskilltoday'schildrenwillneedforthefuture.解析：句意：学会批判性地思考，这是现在的孩子未来(的发展)所需要具备的一项重要技能。空处在主句中作主语，应该用动名词形式。答案：Learning2.(天津卷)Mostcollegesnowofferfirst­yearstudentsacoursespecially________(design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.解析：句意：如今，大多数大学都为一年级学生开设一门专门为他们设计的课程，以帮助他们在学业和个人发展方面取得成功。acourse与design是被动关系，因此用过去分词形式。答案：designed3.(全国卷Ⅰ)Scientistshaverespondedby________(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsarehigherthantheyactuallyare.解析：介词后接动词时，应用其动名词形式。respondbydoingsth.意为“通过做某事回应”。答案：noting4.(全国卷Ⅰ)Modernmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid­1980s，andareexpensive____________(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.解析：此处是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义。答案：toperform5.(北京卷)EarthDay,_______(mark)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.解析：本句是主系表结构，由连系动词is可知，空处填非谓语动词形式。mark在这里是“庆祝，纪念(重要事件)”之意，是及物动词，EarthDay与之是被动关系，此处的字面意思是“地球日在4月22日被庆祝”，故用过去分词短语作定语。句意：地球日在4月22日举行，是一项旨在提高公众环保意识的年度事件。答案：marked6.(北京卷)Forthepast20years,Ihavelivedbythesewords.SoonIwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld.Nervously________(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.解析：主语I与face之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。现在分词短语在句中作状语。答案：facing7.(浙江卷)Butsomestudentsdidn'twant________(wear)theuniform.解析：wanttodosth.意为“想要做某事”。答案：towear8.(全国卷Ⅱ)A90­year­oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for________(be)Britain'soldestfull­timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.解析：介词for后跟动词时，要用其动名词形式。答案：being9.(全国卷Ⅲ)Onthelastdayofourweek­longstay，wewereinvitedtoattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars,_______(listen)tomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.解析：分析句子结构可知，空处与and后面的现在分词meeting并列，主语we与listen之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。答案：listening10.(全国卷Ⅱ)Whenwegotacall________(say)shewasshort­listed,wethoughtitwasajoke.解析：say与前面的acall之间是主动关系，故填saying。现在分词短语saying...作后置定语，修饰acall。答案：saying11.(全国卷Ⅲ)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtake________(get)there.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.解析：此处是Ittakessometimetodosth.结构，意为“花费多长时间做某事”。答案：toget12.(全国卷Ⅱ)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans________(retire)fromher36­year­oldbusiness.解析：此处用不定式短语作plans的后置定语，意为“她没有退休的计划”。答案：toretire13.(全国卷Ⅰ)Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong________(see)thebenefit.解析：句意：你不必跑得太快或花很长时间去看它的好处。不定式用作目的状语，故填tosee。答案：tosee14.(全国卷Ⅱ)Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice________(improve)waterquality.解析：句意：为了改善水质，政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。此处表示目的，用不定式，故填toimprove。答案：toimprove15.(全国卷Ⅲ)Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid________(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn'tfeelchallenged.解析：avoiddoingsth.意为“避免做某事”，是固定短语。答案：looking16.(全国卷Ⅰ)Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof________(die)earlybyrunning.解析：句意：你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然可以通过跑步减少早逝的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词，故填dying。答案：dying17.(全国卷Ⅲ)Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme________(stay)andwatch.解析：allowsb.todosth.是固定短语，意为“允许某人做某事”。答案：tostay18.(天津卷)IneedanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph________(take)．解析：句意：我需要一个新护照，因此我需要照张相片。宾语myphotograph与take为被动关系，且表示让他人去做这件事，因此用过去分词作宾补，即“havesth.done”结构，意为“让某事被做”。答案：taken19.(天津卷)Ittookhimalongtime________(acquire)theskillsheneededtobecomeagooddancer.解析：句意：他花了很长时间学习成为一名好舞者所需要的各项技能。在Ittakes/tooksb....todosth.句型中，It作形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语。答案：toacquire20.(天津卷)Ididn'tmean________(eat)anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn'thelptryingit.解析：句意：我当时什么都不想吃，但是那款冰激凌看上去太诱人了以致于我忍不住品尝了它。meantodosth.意为“打算做某事”；meandoingsth.意为“意味着做某事”。此处意为“打算做某事”，mean后须加不定式作宾语。答案：toeat21.(北京卷)Ordinarysoap,________(use)correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.解析：句意：普通的香皂，只要使用正确，就可以有效除菌。use与其逻辑主语为被动关系，故填过去分词used。答案：used22.(北京卷)________(travel)alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperience.解析：句意：沿古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣和有益的经历。根据题干可知，“________alongtheoldSilkRoad”是主语部分，应该用动名词形式作主语。答案：Traveling23.(北京卷)DuringtheMid­AutumnFestival,familymembersoftengathertogether________(share)ameal,admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.解析：句意：过中秋节的时候，家人们通常会团聚在一起吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼。根据句意可知，家人们团聚在一起的目的是吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼，因此用不定式toshare作目的状语。答案：toshare24.(江苏卷)Around13，500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod,________(exceed)theexpectednumberof12，000heldbymarketanalysts.解析：句意：这段时期约13500个新工作被创造出来，超过了市场分析者预测的12000个。空处是非谓语动词作状语，与“Around13，500newjobs”是主动关系，且没有动作发生前后的关系，故用现在分词。答案：exceeding25.(全国卷Ⅰ)Theyarerequired________(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.解析：句意：他们被要求加工食物……。require意为“要求”，requiresb.todosth.意为“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为sb.berequiredtodosth.，意为“某人被要求做某事”。故填toprocess。答案：toprocess26.(全国卷Ⅱ)Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,________(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofoverthetop.解析：included后的dig，lay，build是三个并列的动作，根据digging及building可知，lay也应用动名词形式。答案：laying27.(全国卷Ⅲ)Butunlikeschoolfriends，16­year­oldSarahisnotspendinghalf­term________(rest)．解析：spendtimedoingsth.意为“花费时间做某事”，故填resting。答案：resting28.(江苏卷)Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelp________(shape)youryearahead.解析：help(to)dosth.意为“帮助做某事”。答案：(to)shape29.(天津卷)Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain________(catch)．解析：句意：在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表，因为我要去赶火车。根据上文判断出，as引导原因状语从句，sb.havesth.todo意为“某人有某事要做(在本句中todo由主语完成)”，故填tocatch。答案：tocatch30.(北京卷)Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,________(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.解析：句意：国家公园有许多的野生动物，从蝴蝶到大象种类繁多。此处wildlife和range之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式作定语。答案：rangingⅡ.单句改错1.(全国卷Ⅰ)Allthefootballplayersontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,saythatIhadatalentforfootball._________________________________________________________________解析：分析句子结构可知，cheered是谓语动词，say前没有并列连词and等，所以say只能用非谓语动词形式；主语与say之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语。答案：say→saying2.(全国卷Ⅲ)IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore._________________________________________________________________解析：succeedindoingsth.意为“成功做某事”。答案：manage→managing3.(全国卷Ⅲ)Iwantmycafehaveaspecialthemesuchas“TangDynasty”．_________________________________________________________________解析：wantsb./sth.todosth.意为“希望某人/某物做某事”。答案：cafe后加to4.(全国卷Ⅲ)I'vehadmanydreamssinceIwasachild.Nowmydreamistoopensacafé._________________________________________________________________解析：to是不定式符号，后跟动词原形。toopenacafé在句中作表语。答案：opens→open5.(全国卷Ⅲ)Everyonewassilent,waittoseewhowouldbecalledupontoreadhisorherparagraphaloud._________________________________________________________________解析：分析句子成分，本句谓语为was，而且没有连词，主语与wait是主动关系，故用现在分词表伴随。答案：wait→waiting6.(全国卷Ⅲ)Someofuswereconfidentandeagertakepartintheclassactivity;otherswerenervousandanxious._________________________________________________________________解析：beeagertodosth.意为“渴望做某事”，故在eager后加to。答案：eager后加to7.(全国卷Ⅰ)Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbysellthefish._________________________________________________________________解析：句意：我的爷爷说去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。答案：sell→selling8.(全国卷Ⅱ)Whensummercomes,theywillinvitetheirstudentspickthevegetables!_______________