unit4globalization市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

GlobalizationUnit41/72InSearchofDavosManUnit42/72GR_PartDivisionoftheText

PartDivisionoftheTextPartPara(s)MainIdeas11~324~5IntroductiontoDavosManandtheWorldEconomicForum.Debateovertheimpactofglobalizationoncurrentsocietyandculture.36~8Historyofglobalizationanditsrecenttrendsandfutureprospects.49~11Globalizationversusnationalismandthechallengesitfaces3/72DR_Text1

Globalizationissweeping

asidenationalbordersandchangingrelationsbetweennations.Whatimpactdoesthishaveonnationalidentitiesandloyalties?Aretheystrengthenedorweakened?Theauthorinvestigates.

WilliamBrowderwasborninPrinceton,NewJersey,grewupinChicago,andstudiedatStanfordUniversityinCalifornia.Butdon’tcallhimanAmerican.Forthepast16ofhis40yearshehaslivedoutsidetheU.S.,firstInSearchofDavosManPeterGumbel4/72“Nationalidentitymakesnodifferenceforme,”hesays.“Ifeelcompletelyinternational.Ifyouhavefourgoodfriendsandyoulikewhatyouaredoing,itdoesn’tmatterwhereyouare.That’sglobalization.”DR_Text2firstinLondonandthen,from1996,inMoscow,whereherunshisowninvestmentfirm.Browdernowmanages$1.6billioninassets.

In1998hegaveuphisAmericanpassporttobecomeaBritishcitizen,sincehislifeisnowcenteredinEurope.5/72DR_Text3

AlexMandlisalsoaferventbelieveringlobalization,butheviewshimselfverydifferently.AformerpresidentofAT&T,Mandl,61,wasborninAustriaandnowrunsaFrenchtechnologycompany,whichisdoingmoreandmorebusinessinChina.Hereckonshespendsabout90%ofhistimetravelingonbusiness.Butdespiteallthatglobetrotting,MandlwhohasbeenaU.S.citizenfor45yearsstillidentifieshimselfasanAmerican.“IseemyselfasAmericanwithoutanyhesitation.ThefactthatIspendalotoftimeinotherplacesdoesn’tchangethat,”hesays.6/72

AlthoughBrowderandMandldefinetheirnationalitydifferently,bothseetheiridentityasamatterofpersonalchoice,notanaccidentofbirth.

Andnotincidentally,bothareDavosMen,membersoftheinternationalbusinessélitewhotrekeachyeartotheSwissAlpinetownfortheannualmeetingoftheWorldEconomicForum,foundedin1971.Thisweek,BrowderandMandlwilljoinmorethan2,200executives,politicians,academics,journalists,writersandahandfulofHollywoodstarsforfivedaysofnetworking,DR_Text47/72partiesandendlessearnestdiscussionsabouteverythingfrompost-electionIraqandHIVinAfricatotheglobalsupplyofoilandtheimplicationsofnanotechnology.Yetthisyear,perhapsmorethanever,ahottopicatDavosisDavositself.Whatevertheirconsiderabledifferences,mostDavosMenandWomenshareatleastonebelief:thatglobalization,theunimpededflowsofcapital,laborandtechnologyacrossnationalborders,isbothwelcomeandunstoppable.Theyseetheworldincreasinglyasonevast,interconnectedmarketplaceinwhichcorporationssearchforthemostadvantageouslocationstobuy,produceandselltheirgoodsandservices.DR_Text58/72DR_Text6

Asbordersandnationalidentitiesbecomelessimportant,somefindthatthreateningandevendangerous.Inanessayentitled“DeadSouls:TheDenationalizationoftheAmerican

Elite,”HarvardProfessorSamuelHuntingtondescribesDavosMan(aphrasethatfirstgotwidespreadattentioninthe1990s)asanemergingglobalsuperspeciesandathreat.Themembersofthisclass,hewrites,arepeoplewho“havelittleneedfornationalloyalty,viewnationalboundariesasobstaclesthatthankfullyarevanishing,can

9/72andseenationalgovernmentsasresiduesfromthepastwhoseonlyusefulfunctionistofacilitatetheélite’sglobaloperations.”HuntingtonarguesthatDavosMan’sglobal-citizenself-imageisstarklyatoddswiththevaluesofmostAmericans,whoremaindeeplycommittedtotheirnation.Thisdisconnect,hesays,creates“amajorculturalfaultline.Inavarietyofways,theAmericanestablishment,governmentalandprivate,hasbecomeincreasinglydivorcedfromtheAmericanpeople.”DR_Text710/72DR_Text8

Naturally,manyDavosMendon’tacceptHuntington’sterms.KlausSchwab,thefounderandexecutivechairmanoftheWorldEconomicForum,arguesthatendorsingaglobaloutlookdoesnotmeanerasingnationalidentity.“Globalizationcanneverprovideuswithculturalidentity,whichneedstobelocalandnationalinnature.”Globaltradehasbeenaroundforcenturies;thecorporationsandcountriesthatbenefitedfromitwerelargelycontenttotreatvastpartsoftheworldasplacestominenaturalresourcesorsellfinishedproducts.Evenastheglobalizationofcapitalacceleratedinthe1980s,most11/72

Howeverthepasttwodecadeshavewitnessedtheriseofothersignificantplayers.ThedevelopedworldisbeatingapathtoChina’sandIndia’sdoor—andChineseandIndiancompanies,inturn,havestartedtolookoverseasforsomeoftheirfuturegrowth.Beijinghasevenstartedwhatitcallsa“GoingOut”policythatencouragesChinesefirmstobuyassetsoverseas.Asiannationsarecreating“aremarkableenvironmentofinnovation,”graduatingmostforeigninvestmentwasbetweenrelativelywealthycountries,notfromwealthycountriesintopoorerones.U.S.technology,companiesandmoneywereoftenattheforefrontofthismovement.DR_Text812/72DR_Text9saysJohnChambers,chiefexecutiveofCiscoSystems.“ChinaandIndiaaregraduatingcurrentlymorethanfivetimesthenumberofengineersthatwearehereintheU.S.”ThatmeansthatU.S.andEuropeancompaniesarenowfacinghigh-quality,low-costcompetitionfromoverseas.NowondersomanyWesternworkersworryaboutlosingtheirjobs.“Iftheissueisthesizeofthetotalpie,globalizationhasprovedagoodthing,”saysOritGadiesh,chairmanofconsultantsBain&Co.“Iftheissueishowthepieisdivided,ifyou’reintheWesternworldyoucouldquestionthat.”13/72DR_Text10

Thebiggestshiftmayjustbestarting.AlandmarkstudybyGoldmanSachspredictedthatfoureconomies—Russia,Brazil,IndiaandChina—willbecomeamuchlargerforceintheworldeconomythanwidelyexpected,basedonprojectionsofdemographicandeconomicgrowth,withChinapotentiallyovertakingGermanythisdecade.By2050,GoldmanSachssuggested,thesefournewcomerswilllikelyhavedisplacedallbuttheU.S.andJapanfromthetopsixeconomiesintheworld.14/72

It’salsoentirelypossiblethatthenearfuturemayseethependulumofcapitalswingawayfromDavosMan-styleglobalization.OnecounterpointisManilaWoman—low-paidmigrantworkDR_Text11workersfromAsiaandelsewherewhoareincreasinglyprovidingkeyservicesaroundtheworld.ValerieGooding,thechiefexecutiveofBritishhealthcarecompanyBUPA,saystheBritishandU.S.healthcaresystemwouldbreakdownwithoutimmigrantnursesfromthePhilippines,India,Nigeriaandelsewhere.UnlikeDavosMan,shesays,they’renotambivalentaboutbeingstronglypatriotic.15/72DR_Text12

NotallDavosMenseekglobalmarkets,either.PatrickSayerrunsaprivateequityfirminFrancecalledEurazeo,andcomplainstherearestilltoomanybarrierstocross-borderbusinessinEurope,letalonetheworld.Sohe’sfocusedEurazeoonitsdomesticmarket.“IprofitfrombeingFrenchinFrance.It’seasierformetododeals,”Sayersays.“It’sthesameelsewhere.Ifyou’renotItalianinItaly,youwon’tsucceed.”16/72DR_Text15

Thatmaysoundlikeanarrownationalism,yetitcontainsahiddenwisdom.RecallthatItalyitselfwas,until1861,notaunifiednationbutanaggregationofcity-states.Despitetensionbetweenitsnorthandsouth,there’snocontradictionbetweenmaintainingmaintainingaregionalidentityandanationalone.MarcoTronchettiProvera,chairmanofTelecomItalia,forexample,canfeelbothMilaneseandItalianatonce,evenasherunsacompanythatisaspiringtobecomeabiggerinternationalpresence.Thequestioniswhetheritwilltakeanother140yearsforDavosMantofigureouthowtostrikethesamebalanceonaglobalscale.17/72DR_S_browdernow…Browdernowmanages$1.6billioninassets.1.Whatinformationcanyougetfromthesentence?Browderisquitearichbusinessmanandrightnowthereare$1.6billionworthofassetsunderathisinvestmentfirm.2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese布劳德如今掌管着价值16亿美元资产。18/72DR_S_nationalidentitymakes…“Nationalidentitymakesnodifferenceforme,”hesays.WhydoesBrowdersayso?Becausehedoesn’tthinkheonlybelongstothecountrieshewasborn,studied,orworked.Hesharesthehistory,culture,orlanguageofothercountries.Heisundoubtedlyinternational.19/72DR_S_althoughbrowderandmandl…1.Howdoyouunderstand“notanaccidentofbirth”?nottheplaceoftheirbirth2.

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese即使布劳德和曼德尔对各自国籍界定不一样，他们都将国籍视为个人选择，而不是由出生地决定。AlthoughBrowderandMandldefinetheirnationalitydifferently,bothseetheiridentityasamatterofpersonalchoice,notanaccidentofbirth.20/72DR_S_whatevertheir…Whatevertheirconsiderabledifferences,mostDavosMenandWomenshareatleastonebelief:thatglobalization,theunimpededflowsofcapital,laborandtechnologyacrossnationalborders,isbothwelcomeandunstoppable.1.

Underlinethemainstructureofthesentence.mostDavosMenandWomenshare…onebelief:thatGlobalization,…,isbothwelcomeandunstoppable.2.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese尽管与会男女各不相同，但他们大多数有一个共同信念：全球化，亦即资本、劳动力和技术不受妨碍地跨国界流动，是值得欢迎和不可阻挡。21/72DR_S_thisdisconnect…Thisdisconnect,hesays,creates“amajorculturalfaultline.Thedisconnectionformsanimportantlinedividingacultureintotwocamps,whichislikelytocauseproblems.1.Whatcanweinferfromthesentence?Yearsago,peoplelovedtheircountryandconsiderednationalIdentityimportant.2.Paraphrasethesentence22/72DR_S_iftheissue…1.Whatdoes“that”referto?Itreferstoglobalization.2.

TranslatethesentenceintoChinese假如问题在于蛋糕怎么分，而你又是西方人，那你就会质疑全球化。“Iftheissueishowthepieisdivided,ifyou’reintheWesternworldyoucouldquestionthat.”23/72DR_word_globalizationglobalization:

n.freeflowsofcapital,labor,technology,andpersonalcontactacrossnationalbordersSomeseethespreadofEnglishasaninternationallanguageasjustanotherconsequenceofglobalization.Thankstoglobalization,theburgeryoubuyinMoscowisexactlythesameastheoneyoubuyinNewYork.Globe地球、球体Global球形，全球，全方面（Aglobalview)Globalize使全球化，全球化24/72DR_word_sweepaside1sweepaside:clearawayorgetridofsuddenlyorforcefully;refusetopayattentionto他们对全部反对意见不予理会。Theysweptalltheobjectionsaside.Anyway,bythenshewassurethatJuliuswouldsimplyhavesweptanycurbsaside.25/72DR_word_sweepaside2Collocation：扫清，快速毁灭sweepaway扫掉，去除sweepout眺望，环视sweepover清扫洁净，收拾洁净sweepup26/72DR_word_strengthenstrengthen:

vt.becomestrongerormakestrong(er)Wemuststrengthentheweaklinks.ThePresident’sfirstprioritywastostrengthentheeconomy.en-或-en表示“使”如：encourageenforce实施

softensadden27/72DR_word_asset1asset:n.1)(usupl)moneyorpropertythatapersonorcompanyownsCopyrights,patents,trademarks,brandnames,andtradesecretsareallpartofacompany’sintangibleassets.当前，他们资产有623万美元。Currently,theyhave$6,230,000inassets.2)anadvantageoraresourceAsenseofhumorisanimportantassetforanyteacher.Themostpowerfulassetwehaveisourskilled,dedicatedworkforce.28/72DR_word_asset2Collocation：资本/固定资产capital/fixedassets现金资产cashassets流动资产liquid/circulating/currentassets净资产netassets29/72DR_word_makeondifferencemakeno/littledifference:haveno/littleeffect(on),beofno/littleimportance(to)Thatdoesnotmeanitmakesnodifferencetosocialwelfarewhichruleswesettleupon.姚明缺席似乎对休斯顿火箭队没有太大影响。TheabsenceofYaoMingseemedtomakelittledifferencetotheperformanceoftheHoustonRockets.30/72DR_word_identify…asidentify…as:recognizeandcorrectlynamesomeoneorsth.HisaccentidentifiedhimasaFrenchman.Thepolicemanidentifiedhimasthethief.31/72DR_word_eliteélite:

n.

agroupofpeoplewhohavealotofpowerandinfluencebecausetheyhavemoney,knowledge,orspecialskills这些人组成了有决定权精英集团。Thesepeopleformanelitewhohavethepowertomakedecisions.Collocation:political/social/economicelite政治/社会/经济精英Onlyasmallelitecanaffordtosendtheirchildrentothisschool.32/72DR_word_ahandfulofahandfulof:averysmallnumberofpeopleorthingsThatplacewasoflittleinterest.Ionlytookahandfulofpictures.Whatcountsishavingahandfulofyoungthatareexceptional.33/72DR_word_earnest1earnest:

adj.

markedbyorshowingdeepsincerityorseriousness你能够笑，但我绝对是认真。YoumaylaughbutI’mindeadlyearnest.Collocation:inearnest郑重地，严厉认真FriendsdescribedJacksonasanearnest,hard-workingyoungman.34/72earnest

指严厉，认真，含诚恳和热情意味。比如:

serious

具相关键、严厉或严重意义事情。比如:DR_word_earnest2我们认真考虑安全提议。earnest,serious,severe这三个形容词都有“严厉”之意。CF:Icouldtellshewasspeakinginearnest.我看得出来她话是当真。Wegiveseriousconsiderationtosafetyrecommendations.35/72severe

指面孔严厉，法律严厉，伤病严重。着重严厉性，无丝毫温情。比如:DR_word_earnest3Manypeoplefeelthepunishmentshouldhavebeenmoresevere.许多人认为处罚本应该愈加严厉些。36/72DR_word_considerableconsiderable:adj.fairlylarge,especiallylargeenoughtohaveaneffectorbeimportantAttractingtouriststotheareaisgoingtotakeconsiderableeffort.Aconsiderableamountofresearchwasdoneherebyoursciencedepartment.37/72DR_word_interconnectinterconnect:

vi.connecttoorwitheachotherOuroperatingsystemcannowinterconnectwithothernetworks.人们生活是怎样相互联络在一起,真是不可思议。It’sstrangehowpeople’slivesinterconnect.38/72DR_word_advantageousadvantageous:

adj.helpfulandlikelytomakeyousuccessfulManybuscompaniesprovideadvantageousfareticketsespeciallyfortourists.你会发觉等几周再作回复是很有好处。Youmayfinditadvantageoustowaitafewweeksbeforereplying.NB:“advantageous”名词形式为“advantage”。与其搭配惯用短语是：“havetheadvantageof”“有优势”;“take

advantageof”“（以不正当伎俩）利用，占廉价”39/72DR_word_entitle1entitle:vt.1)giveatitleto

给…题名，给…取名Full-timeemployeesareentitledtoreceivehealthinsurance.他们有资格享受许多优惠和特权。Theyareentitledtoenjoymanyadvantagesandprivileges.2)givesomeonetheofficialrighttodoorhavesth.HeentitledthebookTheSecretGarden.ShewasreadingapoementitledAuguriesofInnocence.40/72DR_word_entitle2Pattern:beentitled

叫做,称为beentitledto(do)sth.

对…享受权利/有资格41/72DR_word_vanish1vanish:vi.disappearsuddenly,especiallyinawaythatcannotbeeasilyexplainedMykeyswerehereaminuteagobutnowthey’vevanished.Theplanevanishedfromradarscreenssoonaftertakingoff.vanish

语气强，指完全、往往是神秘而突然消失，不留任何蛛丝马迹。disappear普通用词，强调从视线或脑海中消失。这消失可能是暂时、突然或永久，视上下文而定。vanish,disappear,evaporate这三个动词都有“消失”之意。CF:42/72Drugswon’tmakethepainaltogether,buttheywillhelp.2.Allhopesoffindingtheboyalivehave.3.Hopesofachievingpeacearebeginningto.evaporate指像水蒸发时那样悄然逝去，也指某人悄悄地、突然退出或离去。DR_word_vanish2vanish,disappear,evaporate这三个动词都有“消失”之意。CF:Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.disappear_________vanished________evaporate_________43/72DR_word_vanish3Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.4.Beforeshecouldscream,themanhadintothenight.5.13year-oldNicolafromherhomeonSaturdaynight.6.Theythenfanthewatersothatitandindoingsolowersthetemperature.7.Bythetimeofthetrial,thetapehadmysteriously.disappeared___________vanished________evaporates__________disappeared___________vanish,disappear,evaporateCF:44/72DR_word_facilitatefacilitate:

vt.makeiteasierforaprocessoractivitytohappenBothcentersareelectronicallylinkedtofacilitatecommunication.学校都建在同一校区内，方便资源共享。Schoolswerelocatedinthesamecampustofacilitatethesharingofresources45/72小事，不要紧东西DR_word_atoddswithatoddswith:inconflictwith;disagreeingorquarrellingwithThegovernmentdecisiontoraisetaxeswasatoddswiththeirpoliciesoninflation.Briggsfoundhimselfatoddswithhiscolleagues.Collocation：矛盾，不一致atodds没相关系，无关紧要itmakesnoodds占优势takeoddsoddsandends46/72DR_word_becommittedtobecommittedto:

promisetodo(sth.);bedevotedtoAlotofmoneyhasbeencommittedtothisproject.中国承诺发展低碳经济。Chinaiscommittedtopursuingalowcarboneconomy.47/72DR_word_endorseendorse:vt.givesupportorapprovaltoThePrimeMinisterisunlikelytoendorsethisview.Ifullyendorsethemeasurestakentoimprovesafetystandards.Collocation：赞成提议/想法/候选人endorseaproposal/anidea/acandidate背书支票endorseacheque48/72DR_word_erase1erase:

vt.

removebyorasifbyrubbing,wipeout没有什么东西能够使他忘记那件事。Nothingcanerasetheincidentfromhismemory.Theirdreamistoerasepovertyandinjusticefromtheworld.erase指“把写或画痕迹擦去或刮掉”,用于比喻意义时,指“从记忆中抹去”,比如:

erase,delete这两个动词都有“去掉，抹去”之意。CF:Heerasedthewronganswerandwroteintherightone.他擦去了错误答案,写上了正确答案。49/72erase指“把写或画痕迹擦去或刮掉”,用于比喻意义时,指“从记忆中抹去”,又如：delete指“去掉、擦掉(字迹等)”、“勾掉、删掉(字句等)”,比如:DR_word_erase2没有什么东西能够使他忘记那件事。erase,delete这两个动词都有“去掉，抹去”之意。CF:Nothingcanerasetheincidentfromhismemory.假如你删去几个字,我们可把整个故事写在一页上。Ifyoudeleteseveralwords,wecanputthewholestoryononepage.50/72DR_word_accelerateaccelerate:

v.

(causeto)movefasterorhappenearlier选手们跑过弯道时平稳地加速。Therunnersacceleratedsmoothlyroundthebend.Therunnersacceleratedsmoothlyroundthebend.Antonym：decelerate减速ascend上升descend下降51/72跃居最前列DR_word_forefrontforefront:n.theforemostpartorareaThecompanyhasalwaysbeenattheforefrontofscienceandtechnology.Companiescompetetostayattheforefrontofresearchanddevelopment.Collocation：位于最前列，成为领导力量at/in/totheforefront(ofsth)使…保持在最前列keepsb/sthat/in/tocomeinto/to52/72Thewitnesswasaskedtoidentifythedefendantinthecourtroom.DR_word_witnesswitness:

1.vt.bepresentandseeThecrashwaswitnessedbyscoresofholidayweekendersalongthebeach.2.n.someonewhoseesacrimeoranaccidentandcandescribewhathappenedPolicehaveappealedforwitnessestocomeforward.20世纪80年代，电子传媒得到了空前发展。The1980switnessedanunprecedentedincreaseinthescopeoftheelectronicmedia.53/72DR_word_beatapathto1beatapathto/beatdownsb’sdoor:

ifpeoplebeatapathtoyourdoor,theyareinterestedinsth.youareselling,aserviceyouareproviding,etc.现在她已经成名,她家门庭若市。Nowthatshehasbecomefamous,allsortsofpeoplewillbebeatingapathtoherdoor.Thenewdesignwassupposedtohaveconsumersbeatingapathtotheirdoor.54/72DR_word_beatapathto2Pattern:beatapathto/beatdownsb’sdoor

门庭若市beatabigdrumfor/about

为…鼓吹，为…

大肆宣传beatabargain 还价成交55/72DR_word_remarkable1remarkable:adj.unusualorsurprisingandthereforedeservingattentionorpraiseClarkdidaremarkablejobsettingthingsupforthemeeting.Shehasmaderemarkableprogress.remarkable

通常指因有与众不一样特点或优越性而引发人们注意或称道。outstanding

通常指与同行或同类人相比显得优异或出色，或含有他人或别事物所没有特征。striking

强调能给观察者产生强烈而深刻印象。remarkable,outstanding,striking这三个形容词都有“显著，引人注意”之意。CF:56/72Fromtheoutside,themostaspectofthebuildingisitstall,slendertower.2.It’saachievementforthecompany.3.Thelowestranksofsocietyshowedthemostandsignificantcontrasts.4.Withhermassofblackhairandpaleskinshelookedvery.DR_word_remarkable2remarkable,outstanding,strikingCF:Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.striking______remarkable__________striking______striking______57/72DR_word_remarkable3Fillintheblankswiththewordsabove.Changetheformwherenecessary.5.Thebookisaseriesofinterviewswithartistsandwriters.6.Hisdrawingsarefortheiraccuracy.7.Shewouldcreatesomethingspecial,somethingforher.outstanding__________remarkable,outstanding,strikingCF:remarkable__________outstanding__________58/72Thebirthofachildisanimportantlandmarkinthelivesofallconcerned.DR_word_landmarklandmark:n.1)sth.thatiseasytorecognize,suchasatalltreeorbuilding,andthathelpsyouknowwhereyouareTheWashingtonMonumentisapopularhistoricallandmark.这座塔曾是船只陆标。Thetowerwasoncealandmarkforships.2)oneofthemostimportantevents,changes,ordiscoveriesthatinfluencessomeoneorsth.TheReformandOpenDoorPolicyhasbecomealandmarkinChinesehistory.小孩出世是全部相关人生活中一件大事。59/72DR_word_overtake1overtake(overtook,overtaken):

1.v.gopastamovingvehicleorpersonbecauseyouaregoingfasterthanthemandwanttogetinfrontofthemTelevisionsoonovertookthecinemaasthemostpopularformofentertainment.Twotrucksovertakingoneanotherbrushedhimtotheside.2.vt.catchupwithorpassaftercatchingupwithBeforeyoustarttoovertake,makesuretheroadisclearaheadofyou.在工业产量方面德国快速超出了英国。GermanyrapidlyovertookBritaininindustrialoutput.60/72DR_word_overtake2NB:前缀over能够放在名词，动词，形容词前边表示“too

much

过分”含义。比如:“overpopulation”“人口过剩”;“overwork”“过分工作”；“overweight”“超重”。61/72DR_word_displacedisplace:vt.taketheplaceof;supplantCoalhasbeen