大学英语英国历史文化第二单元TheNormans省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖课件

Unit2诺曼人统治时期（1066-1381）1/161.FeudalismaftertheNormanConquest2.theoriginofWhitsun3.theCommonLaw4.theDomesdayBookKeyPointsofUnit2--AnOutlineHistoryofEngland--22/16AftertheNormanConquest3/16①UnderWilliam,thefeudalsysteminEnglandwascompletelyestablished.

②Accordingtothissystem,theKingownedallthelandpersonally.4--AnOutlineHistoryofEngland--I.FeudalismaftertheNormanConquest4/16③WilliamgavehisbaronslargeestatesinEnglandinreturnforapromiseofmilitaryserviceandaproportionoftheland'sproduce.④Theseestateswerescatteredfarandwideoverthecountry,sothatthosewhoheldthemcouldnoteasilycombinetorebeltheking.5--AnOutlineHistoryofEngland--5/16⑤ThelandsthatWilliamgavetohislordswerecalledfiefs(封地).Therecipientsofthelandswerecalledvassals（封臣）.⑥OnepeculiarfeatureofthefeudalsystemofEnglandwasthatalllandownersmusttaketheoathofallegiance，notonlytotheirimmediatelord,butalsototheking.6--AnOutlineHistoryofEngland--6/16WhitsundayisalsoknownasPentecostandisamajorfestivalintheChristianchurch.ItiscelebratedontheSundaywhichfallsonthe50thdayaftertheEasterfestival.ThenamePentecostcomesfromaGreekwordwhichmeans'fiftieth'.II.Whitsun（Whitsunday）7--AnOutlineHistoryofEngland--7/16PentecostcelebratesthecomingoftheHolySpiritintheformofflamestothefollowersofJesus,asrecordedintheNewTestament.JesushadtoldthemtowaituntiltheSpiritcametothem.50daysaftertheresurrection,theSpiritcame.8--AnOutlineHistoryofEngland--8/16PentecostisrecognizedasthebirthoftheChurch.WhitSundayisafavoritedayforbaptism.Itisthoughtthatbecausepeopleareoftenbaptizeddressedinwhite,WhitSundaywasprobablyoriginallyknownas'WhiteSunday'.9--AnOutlineHistoryofEngland--9/16TwentyyearsaftertheConquest(1086),WilliamsentofficialstoeverytownthroughoutEngland,withpowertocalltogethertheleadersoftowns,examinethem,andtomakeacompletesurveyoftheeconomiclifethecountry.Howmuchland？Whoholdsit?

Howmuchisitworth?Howmanyploughs?Howmanyoxen,sheep,swine?III.TheDomesdayBook10--AnOutlineHistoryofEngland--《末日审判书》10/1611--AnOutlineHistoryofEngland--11/16TofurtherextendhisgriponEngland,WilliamIorderedthatabookbemadecontaininginformationonwhoownedwhatthroughoutthecountry.Thisbookwouldtellhimwhoowedhimwhatintaxandbecausetheinformationwasonrecord,nobodycoulddisputeorargueagainstataxdemand.ThisiswhythebookbroughtdoomandgloomtothepeopleofEngland—hence"DomesdayBook".12--AnOutlineHistoryofEngland--12/16Thenickname‘Domesday’mayrefertotheBiblicalDayofJudgement(圣经宣判日),whenChristwillreturntojudgethelivingandthedead.Thedecisionofwhatsomeoneowedwasfinal—ratherlikeJudgementDaywhenyoursoulwasjudgedforHeavenorHell.--AnOutlineHistoryofEngland--1313/16Toprovidethenecessaryinformationforcollectingtax;TogivetheKingadetailedknowledgeofthedistributionofthewealth,landsandrevenuesofvassals.Thesignificanceforus:ItpresentsacomprehensiveofthesocialstructureofEnglandatthetimewhenitwasmade.14--AnOutlineHistoryofEngland--Twoobjectives14/161.Incommonlaw

legalsystem,thelawiscreatedorrefinedbyjudges:adecisioninthepresentcasedependsondecisionsinformercasesandthisdecisionaffectsthelawtobeappliedinfuturecases.2.Whenthereisnoauthoritativestatementofthelaw,commonlawjudgeshavetheauthorityanddutyto“make”lawbycreatingprecedent(先例).Thebodyofprecedentiscalled"commonlaw"anditaffectsfuturedecisions.3.

Ifasimilardisputehasbeenresolvedinthepast,thecourtisboundtofollowthereasoningusedinthepriordecision.IV.TheCommonLaw--AnOutlineHistoryofEngland--1515/16英美法系亦称普通法系或海洋法系，「普通法」是来自英文「CommonLaw」，即「普遍通用」之意，与大陆法系并称为当今世界最主要两大法系。范围包含英国（