我备的课Unit4LionsandTigersandBears市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

Unit41/105IntroductionoftheAuthor:比尔·布福德(BillBuford)是美国《纽约客》(NewYorker)杂志特约撰稿人，1994至年任杂志小说编辑。布福德创办了Granta杂志，并任编辑。AmongtheThugs和Heat是其广受好评两本著作，前者是对英国足球流氓真实统计，后者是一部有关餐饮书。课文“狮子、老虎和熊”是布福德一篇游记，最初于1999年登载在《纽约客》上，文章入选《年度美国最正确游记》(TheBestAmericanTravelWriting).2/105bolt：vi.a)

torunawayquickly

猛冲，逃跑b)

tomove;tobreakaway

快速移动

vt.c)

tofastenwithstrongrodsandbar

拴住，使······和在一块d)

toswallowfoodordrinkhurriedly

急忙吞下，咽下

n.门闩，插销blot:n.污渍,污点v.弄污cf.WordStudy3/105Examples:

a)

Heboltedoutofhishouse.

b)

Eyesboltedtowardsthestranger.

c)Heboltedthedoorontheinside.d)

Hebolteddownahurriedbreakfast.

aboltfrom(outof)theblue

晴天霹雳，意外事

boltupright

笔直

makeabolt(forit)

赶快逃走WordStudy4/105drizzle:

v.

to

raininfinedropsExamples:Itdrizzledthroughoutthenight.Theinsecticidedrizzledovertheplants.Thedewonthebranchesdrizzledourhair.Wordformationa.drizzlyWordStudy5/105embolden:v.

togivecourageorconfidencetosb.Examples:

Hesmiledandthisemboldenedhertoaskhimforhelp.Emboldenedbydrink,hewalkedovertospeaktoher.WordStudy6/105onthe/arampage:

横冲直撞；暴跳如雷Examples:Theescapedelephantwasontherampagefortwodays.Therioterswentonarampageandvandalizedmanyshops.WordStudy7/105scurry:v./n.

torunwithshortquickstepsExamples:Itbegantorainandwescurriedhome.Weheardmicescurryingaboutinthekitchen.Darkcloudswerebeingscurriedacrossagreyskybythewind.ascurryoffootstepsinthepassage急促脚步声Hugesnowscurries.急赶，急转，疾走WordStudyTranslation8/105secluded

adj.

notvisitedorseenbymanypeople;awayfromthecompanyofothersExamples:Thisisthequietestandmostsecluded

areaofthecity.secludedlife/monk/valley

隐居，与世隔绝；僻静v.

seclude(from)n.

seclusionadj.

seclusiveWordStudyTranslation9/105BackgroundInformation10/105America11/105NewYorkState12/10513/105曼哈顿是一个荷兰人（亨利·哈德逊）从印第安土著手里买。它是当今世界上最繁荣岛之一。曼哈顿是纽约市中心部位岛。介于哈得孙河和东河之间，为纽约市五个区中最小曼哈顿区。长20公里，宽4公里，面积57.7平方公里。前寒武纪古老坚硬片岩出露地表，为高层建筑提供了基础。纽约是金融、商业中心地。南端华尔街是许多大银行、大交易所和大垄断组织聚集中心。联合国总部设于东河西岸。百老汇、华尔街、帝国大厦、格林威治村、中央公园、联合国总部、大都会艺术博物馆、大都会歌剧院等名胜都集中在曼哈顿岛。14/105CentralParkLocationonManhattanMapNewYork’sgreenrectangleCentralPark

15/105中央公园坐落在摩天大楼耸立曼哈顿正中，南起59街，北抵110街，东西两侧被著名第五大道和中央公园西大道所围合。占地843英亩（约5000多亩），是整个纽约最大城市公园，也是纽约第一个完全以园林学为设计准则建立公园。号称纽约“后花园”中央公园，不只是纽约市民休闲地，更是界各地旅游者喜爱旅游胜地。1850年新闻记者威廉·布莱恩特在《纽约邮报》上进行公园建设运动之后，1856年FrederickLawOlmsted和CalbertVaux两位风景园林设计师建成了此公园。它与自由女神、帝国大厦等同为纽约乃至美国象征，许多好莱坞影片都以中央公园为背景。16/105中央公园著名景点包含：中央公园动物园(CentralParkZoo)、戴拉寇特剧院(DelacorteTheatre)、毕士达喷泉(BethesdaFountain)、绵羊草原(SheepMeadow)、草莓园(StrawberryFields)、保护水城(ConservatoryWater)、眺望台城堡(BelvedereCastle)等等。17/10518/10519/105theurbanwondersoftheworld,agreenoasisinthegreatconcrete,high-riselandscapeof

NewYorkCityCentralPark20/105FormostNewYorkers,CentralParkisourconstantdefinitionofopenspace,roomtorunandtheromanceofreadingunderatree.Freeandopentothepublic,CentralParkisourcitywidecampusandourcommonbackyard.“agardenforallasprivateEden”CentralPark

21/105InCentralPark,

Rollerskatinghasalwaysbeenapopularrecreational

pastime.22/105TigressandCubs

InsidetheCentralParkWildlifeConservationCenter,64thStreetandFifthAvenue23/105GroupsofBears:nearFifthAvenueat82ndStreet24/105

TheParkwaspressedforprimarilybywealthymerchantsandlandowners.Inthefirstdecadeafteritscompletion,itwasclearlytheplaygroundofthewealthy.Itwaslocatedtoofaruptowntobewithinwalkingdistanceforthecity’sworkingclasspopulation.CentralParkHistory25/105Untilthelate19thcentury,workerscomprisedbutafractionofthevisitorstotheParkwhentheylaunchedasuccessfulcampaigntohaveconcertsheldonSundays.Saturdayafternoonconcertswereformiddle-classaudiences,forthesix-dayworkingweekprecluded(preventfrom)attendancebytheworkingclass.26/105IndeedtheconceptofcreatingtheparkwasoriginallyconceivedbywealthyNewYorkerswhoadmiredthepublicgroundsofLondonandParis.However,withthematuringofthenationandtheriseofitspower,theprideofAmericanismgraduallytooktheupperhand.TheauthorthereforedescribestheParkproudlyasefficient,purposefulanddistinctive—neitherromanticnorclassical,andneitherEnglishnorFrench,but

distinctivelyAmerican.27/105ArchitectureofCentralParkEnglishRomanticism

ischaracterizedbythepicturesqueidealtoblendwiththenaturalenvironment.AnotherstyleisClassicism

characterizedbyformalsymmetryandtheuseofstraightlines,evidentinthesouthendofthePark.

28/105CentralPark

29/105TextTheme

BytravelingtheCentralParkatnight,theauthor’sambivalence(themixedfeeling)makesclearNewYorkers’attitudetothePark.

Ononehand,thereisloveandprideNewYorkershavefortheculturalrichnessandthebeautytheParkoffers;ontheotherhand,thecrimeandfeartheyhaveassociatedwiththePark.

30/105Plot:

Traveldescriptionscombinedwitheverythinghehasheard,read,observedandexperiencedinconnectionwiththeplace:hismovementsinCentralPark,theeventsandfamouspeopleassociatedwithitshistory,thebeautyofNewYorkatnight,thecrimeoffearit’sinspired.Setting:CentralParkinNewYork31/105Part1(Paras.1):TheauthordecidedtocampintheCentralPark.Part2(Paras.2—6):ThefirstortwohoursandhisfeelingandthefearCentralParkinspired.StructureoftheText32/105StructureoftheText

Part3(Paras.7—12):CentralParkhistoryandanotherscare.Part4(Paras.13—25):Mysleepoverinthewood.33/105Part1(Paras.1):TheauthordecidedtocampintheCentralPark.34/105…I’dcurledupunderatreeanddropofftoapeaceful,outdoorsysleep.(para.1)dropoff:

tobegintosleep入睡，睡着Eg.Hedroppedoffinfrontofthefire.35/105AnybodywhoknowsanythingaboutNewYorkknowsthecity’sessentialplatitude—thatyoudon’twanderaroundCentralParkatnight—andinthat,needlesstosay,wastheappeal:itwasthethingyoudon’tdo.(Para.1)essentialplatitude:Thisisknowntoallandhasbeensaidoverandover.

第二个分句是一个倒装句(invertedsentence),正常语序应该是：needlesstosay,theappeal:itwasthethingyoudon’tdo,wasinthatneedlesstosay作插入语parenthesis

that代指platitude36/105AnybodywhoknowsanythingaboutNewYorkknowsthecity’sessentialplatitude—thatyoudon’twanderaroundCentralParkatnight—andinthat,needlesstosay,wastheappeal:itwasthethingyoudon’tdo.(Para.1)Understanding:

EverybodywhoknowsNewYorkknowsthatyoushouldnotwanderinCentralParkatnightbecauseitistoodangerous.However,preciselybecauseoftherisktherearealwayspeopleluredtovisitCentralParkatnight.Theyjustwishtodowhatpeoplenormallydon’tdo.37/105OgdenNash(para.1)anAmericanpoetwellknownforhislightversebest-knownproducerofhumorouspoetry38/105Part2(Paras.2—6):ThefirstortwohoursandhisfeelingandthefearCentralParkinspired.39/105TheDelacorteTheatre(para.3)TheDelacorteTheateristhesummerhomeoftheNewYorkShakespeareFestival

(莎士比亚戏剧节).It’saplacetohostclassicalplaysandmusicals.

Theopen-airtheaterinCentralParkthatservesashometofreesummertimeperformanceswhich,duringthemonthsofJune,JulyandAugust,includeatleastoneShakespeareproduction.ThesummertimeperformanceisoneoftheNewYorkCity’smostbelovedculturalevents.40/105TheDelacortetheatre41/10542/10543/10544/10545/105WilliamShakespear(1564-1616)

(Para.3)wasanEnglishpoetandplaywright.46/105TheTamingoftheShrew(Para.3)

InShakespeare'sTheTamingoftheShrewPetruchioandKateengageinabattleofwitsashetriesto"tame"hisboldandstubbornwifeandbringherintolinewithsociety'sexpectations.Thisromanticandfunnyplay,fullofdisguisesandroleplaying,dealswiththemessuchasmarriageandduty,realityandillusion,andcompromise.TheTamingoftheShrewisoneofWilliamShakespeare'smostcleverandsophisticatedcomedies.47/105TheTamingoftheShrew《驯悍记》片中描写泼妇凯特因为性格急躁、脾气倔强，找不到任何一个敢娶她男人，在心不甘情不愿情况下，她嫁给了高大坚固大胡子男人皮图丘。皮图丘一心要把悍妇凯特训练成百依百顺好妻子，所以他采取了“以暴制暴”方式，最终终于驯服了凯特一身傲骨。

48/105Sofar,sonormal,andthiscouldhavebeenanoutdoorsummer-stock

ShakespeareproductionanywhereinAmerica,exceptinonerespect:apolicecarwasnowparkedconspicuouslyinview,itsrooflightslowlyrotating.(Para.3)Shakespeare在句中指代是莎士比亚作品。经过相近联想，用一个事物代替另一个事物修辞手法叫转喻(metonymy)。Examples:Heisfondofthebottle.(wine)Itwillcostyouaprettypenny.(money)Sheratonisahotelnotedforitsgoodtable.(food)summer-stock夏季轮演剧目：固定在某一剧场专业剧团在夏季演出剧目49/105Sofar,sonormal,andthiscouldhavebeenanoutdoorsummer-stockShakespeareproductionanywhereinAmerica,exceptinonerespect:apolicecarwasnowparkedconspicuouslyinview,itsrooflightslowlyrotating.(Para.3)第二个分句是个含蓄条件句，句中并没有出现条件从句，非真实条件暗含在介词短语except中。含蓄条件句：在这种句型中，条件都暗含在上下文中。Examples:Iwouldn’thavebeenthereexceptforhim.Butforyourhelpwewouldn’thavesucceededintheexperiment.Thissamething,happeninginwartime,wouldamounttodisaster.Alone,hewouldhavebeenterrified.50/105BelvedereCastle眺望台城堡(para4)BelvedereisItalianfor“beautifulview”.51/105BelvedereCastle

TothesouthofDelacorteTheaterperchedonVisaRock.Asitsnamesuggests,thecastleoffersvisitorsawonderfulpanoramic(aviewofwidearea)viewpoint.

ItisnowhometotheHenryLuceNatureObservatory(亨利·卢斯自然气象台),wheresimpledisplaysshowhownaturalistsobservetheworld.52/10553/10554/105ShakespeareGarden(莎士比亚花园)(para4)NestledbetweentheDelacorteTheater,BelvedereCastle,andtheSwedishCottage,itisagardendedicatedtoShakespearein1916,the300thanniversaryofhisdeath.55/105ShakespeareGarden(para4)

FollowingaVictoriantradition,onlyflowersmentionedinShakespeare’splaysandpoetrywereplantedinthegarden.ScatteredthroughoutthegardenarebronzeplaqueswithShakespeareanquotationsthatinspiredtheplanting.56/105

(para.4)Iwasfeelingacertainexhilaration,

climbingthestepsofBelvedereCastleallalone,peekingthroughthewindowsoftheHenryLuceNatureObservatory,identifyingtheherbsintheShakespeareGarden,when,afterturningthiswayandthat,Iwasona

windingtrailinimpenetrablefoliage,and,withinminutes,Iwaslost.57/105TheRamble(漫步园)

(para.5)TheRambleisasanctuary(避难所)

forasmanyas250speciesofbirds,withtheinterlacedpathsandhills,countlesstrees,shrubs,meadows,rockycliffsandawindingstream.TheRamblewasintendedasawoodlandwalkthroughhighlyvariedtopography(地形学),a"wildgarden"awayfromcarriagedrivesandbridlepaths.58/105Raccoonscanbeseenscurrying(runwithshortquicksteps)intheunderbrush.TheRamble

(para.5)

Raccoon59/105Bird-watchingTheRambleisoneofthemajorcentersofbird-watchinginCentralPark:250speciesofbirdshavebeenspottedovertheyears.TheRambleasagayiconSinceatleasttheearly20thcentury,theseclusionoftheRamblehasbeenusedforprivatehomosexualencounters.60/105Background–NewYorkSkyline(para.5)61/105NewYorkSkylineatNight(para.5)Buildingssoarupward.62/105Thelakeisthelargestbodyofwater(excludingtheReservoir)inCentralPark.ItwascreatedoutofalargeSwamp(沼泽)inthesouthoftheParkandwasintendedforboatinginthesummerandice-skatinginthewinter.Manyvisitorsarecontent,however,tocirclethelakeonfoot,followingthepathwaysthatwindalongitsshoreline,watchingthePark’stree-lineshiftinginitsreflection.TheLake

(para.5)63/105rowingboatonthelakeintheCentralParkTheLake(para.5)64/105

Therewasalightahead,and

asIroundedthecorner

Icameuponfivemen,allwearingwhiteT-shirts,huddledaroundabench.(para.5)65/105

Iwalkedpast,avoidingeyecontact,and

turneddownapath,anarrowone,blackdark,goingdownahill,gettingdarker,verydark.(para.5)66/105I’mintheParklessthananhourandalreadyI’mlost,onanunlightedpath,facinganunknownthingshakingthreateninglyinthebushes,andIthought,shit!(para.5)67/105AndIbolted,notrunning,exactly,butnolongerstrollingandcertainlynotlookingbackturningleft,turningright,allsenseofdirectionobliterated,thecrashingcontinuingbehindme,loudereven,left,anothermaninaT-shirt,right,anotherman,whenfinallyIrealizedwhereIwasintheRamble.(para.5)68/105

(para.6)约翰·温斯顿·列侬是一名英国摇滚音乐家、创作歌手、作家与主动和平运动家，以身为披头士乐队创团团员扬名全球。列侬与保罗·麦卡特尼合作是20世纪最成功也是最具影响力创作组合之一，并“创作了摇滚史上最受欢迎歌曲”，他在单曲榜史最有成就作曲家中名列第二，仅次于麦卡特尼。列侬在他音乐、电影、书作中，甚至在记者会与专访时，总是显露出一个桀骜不驯、反抗权威性格与尖刻而讽刺才思。与他妻子小野洋子同为激进和平主义者与视觉艺术家，所以其作品亦是极具争议性。69/105纽约中央公园NewYorkCentralPark草莓园(StrawberryFields）约翰列侬遗孀--小野洋子为了纪念其夫于1980年遇刺，在住处（也是蓝侬遇害地点）达科塔大厦前，出资修缮这个泪滴状区域，并称之为“草莓园”(StrawberryFields)。每年12月8日（蓝侬遇害日），全世界披头士歌迷会聚集在此一同纪念他，并遥望达科塔旧居，平时也有歌迷会在马赛克图形上点一根蜡烛、放一束鲜花来凭吊他。70/10571/105eg:It’shardtogetone’sbearingsinathickrainforest.(1)loseone’sbearings迷失方向；惶惑(2)bringsbtohisbearings使清醒(para.6)get/findone’sbearings:辨明方向，确定位置72/105

Part3(Paras.7—12):CentralParkhistoryandanotherscare.73/105OneofthefirsteventsintheParktookplace140yearsagoalmosttotheday:abandconcert.Theconcert,pointedly,washeldonaSaturday,stillaworkingday,becausetheconcert,likemuchoftheParkthen,wasdesignedtokeepthecity’srougherelementsout.(Para.7)totheday:恰好，刚好，一天不差Examples:threeyearsagototheday

40yearsagotothedaycf.tothisday直到现在，迄今oftheday当代，当初一天不差恰好三年前四十年前今天74/105OneofthefirsteventsintheParktookplace140yearsagoalmosttotheday:abandconcert.Theconcert,pointedly,washeldonaSaturday,stillaworkingday,becausetheconcert,likemuchoftheParkthen,wasdesignedtokeepthecity’srougherelementsout.(Para.7)句子中rougherelements指是纽约工人阶级(workingclasspopulation).中央公园当初主要是应商人和富有阶层要求兴建，所以，在公园开放前十年，它主要是富裕阶层娱乐场所。音乐会尤其安排在周六下午，因为当初仍实施六天工作制，工人们周六无法去听音乐会，这么就确保了音乐会只有富人才能去参加。75/105OneofthefirsteventsintheParktookplace140yearsagoalmosttotheday:abandconcert.Theconcert,pointedly,washeldonaSaturday,stillaworkingday,becausetheconcert,likemuchoftheParkthen,wasdesignedtokeepthecity’srougherelementsout.

(Para.7)

Understanding:

OneofthefirsteventsintheParktookplacealmostexactlyonthisday140yearsago:abandconcert.TheconcertwasdeliberatelyheldonaSaturdaywhenordinarypeople

wereallworkingsoastokeepthemout.76/105AnotherAestheticExperience(para.7)77/105…buteveryone,asheputit,felttheneedto“keeppattingtheParkontheback”(para.10)patsb.ontheback:

topraisesb.fordoingsth.well赞扬某人Eg.Youshouldpathimonthebackfortheprogresshehasmade.78/105Theparkmighthavebeenatitsmostpopular…(para.10)

atitsmostpopular:

whenitwasmostpopular…当…最受欢迎时候eg.Yogaisatitsmostpopularnow.Anotherexpression:

atone’sbest:meaninginone’sbestconditioneg.Heactedbothtragicandcomicparts,buthewasathisbestincomedy.79/1052ndstageinCentralPark’shistory(1900—1934)(Para.10)

RobertMoses

(1888—1981)wasaNewYorkstateandmunicipalofficialwhoseambitiouspublicworksprojectsofthe1930s,1940sand1950stransformedtheurbanlandscapeofNewYorkCity.HeexpandedtheState’sparksystemandbuiltnumerousparkwaysandhundredsofnewplaygroundsandparksandimportanthighways,bridgesandtunnelslinkingtheboroughsofNewYorkCity.80/105

MosespreferredrecreationalfacilitiestotheruralscenerystressedbytheEnglishRomanticists,andanorderedandsymmetricaldesigninFrenchRenaissancestyle,evidentinthesouthernCentralPark.Therefore,underMoses,CentralParkgained19playgrounds,12ball-fields,handballcourts,andtheWoll-manRink(沃尔人溜冰场

).81/105Heputinbaseballdiamonds,volleyballcourts,andswimmingpools.(para.10)putin:

toplacesb.orsth.inabuildingoraroom,forapurposesuchaswork装置，安装Eg.Theydecidedtoputincentralheatingintheirnewhome.82/105HeeventriedtoturntheRambleintoaseniorcitizen’s

recreationcenter,butwasstoppedbytheprotestingbirdwatchers.(para.10)Euphemismsaremild,pleasantorindirectwordsorphrasesinplaceofharsh,unpleasant,moredirectoraccurateones.seniorcitizens:euphemismforoldpeople83/105Moreexamples:Euphemismsfor“todie”:topassaway/tobenomore/tobegone/togotoheaven/tojointhegreatmajority/tobreatheone’slastEuphemismfor“garbagecollector”:

sanitaryengineerEuphemismsfor“asylum(精神病院)”:mentalhomeEuphemismsfor“funeral”:memorialserviceEuphemismsfor“slum(贫民窟)”:substandardhousing84/105TheironywasthatbytheendoftheMoseseratheParkwasdangerous.

(Para.10)Understanding:MosesdidalottoturnCentralParkintoanefficientpeople’spark.Buttheoutcomewasquiteunexpectedandsad:bytheendofhiseratheParkwasdangerous.85/105anotherscareatthenorthernendoftheParkthe3rdperiodintheCentralPark’shistory(1934—1960)(Para.11)

86/105TheReservoir(para.11)LocatedinthenorthpartofCentralPark,thereservoir,withthe1.58miletrackroundit,isafavoriteplaceforjoggers,birdwatchers,andtouristswheretheycanenjoysomeofthebestviewsoftheNewYorkCityskyline.87/105纽约中央公园NewYorkCentralParkTheReservoir水库88/105Ikeptmyheaddownandpickedupmypace,but…(para.11)pickuppace/speed:togofaster加速，提升速度Eg.Theeconomycontinuestopickupspeedwithsurprisingswiftness.89/105…andassaultedbyagroupofkidsonarampage.(para.11)ona/therampage:rushingaboutinawildandviolentway,oftencausingdamage横冲直撞/地Eg.Themobwentonarampagethroughthecity.90/105TheParkisnowframed,envelopedeven,bythecity,buttherewasnoescapingtherecognitionthatthiscity–contrived,man-made,glaringobtrusive,consumingwastefulandstaggeringquantitiesofelectricityandwaterandenergy–wasverybeautiful.(para.12)Therewasnodoing…:不可能Eg.

Thereisnotellingwhatwillhappennext.Thereisnoknowinghowhighthewaterwouldrise.91/105Buttherewasnoescapingtherecognitionthatthiscity—contrived,man-made,glaringlyobtrusive,consumingwastefulandstaggeringquantitiesofelectricityandwaterandenergy—wasverybeautiful.(para.12)

Underst