高中英语-Module-5-Newspapers-and-Magazines第二课时Grammar省

成才之路·英语路漫漫其修远兮吾将上下而求索1/74NewspapersandMagazinesModule52/74第二课时GrammarModule53/74课内合作探究2基础巩固4课后强化作业5课前自主预习1新课口号法34/74课前自主预习5/74用隶属连词when/while/as/since/nowthat完成句子。1．________hewasorbitinginthecapsule,hetookphotographsofplanetearth.2．________Yanglanded,PremierWenJiabaotelephonedtheControlCentretoofferhiscongratulations.3．________hewastravellinginspace,YangspoketotwoastronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation,whichisorbitingtheearth,AmericanastronautEdwardLuandRussiancosmonautYuriMalenchenko.6/744．________nooneelsesawthealiens,notmanypeoplebelieveMrBates.5.________Ihavemadethisfirstvisit,IhopeIcancomemanymoretimes.6．________youhaveaskedmesonicely,saidSharon,“I'dbedelightedtosignyourarm.”答案：1.When2.When3.While4.Since5.Nowthat6．As7/74课内合作探究8/741.replacevt.(1)放回原处Youshouldreplacethemagazineontheshelfafteryoureadit.你读完杂志后要将它放回书架上。(2)取代；代替①GeorgereplacedEdwardascaptain.乔治接任爱德华当队长。②Wemusttrytofindnewmaterialtoreplaceplastics.我们必须找到新材料来替换塑料。9/74知识拓展同义词组：taketheplaceof代替，取代inplaceof代替replaceableadj.可替换replacementn．代替，更换；替换人(物)10/74①Noonecantaketheplaceofhermother.没有些人能代替她母亲。②Inplaceofouradvertisedprogram,wewillbeshowingafilm.我们将放映一部电影来代替广告节目。③Heisnotreplaceable.Heistheonlyrightpersonfortheposition.他是无可替换。他是适合这个职位唯一人选。④Somepartsofthecararebadlyinneedofreplacement.这部车一些零件急需替换。11/74即学即用语法填空I'msorry,I'll________thevaseIbrokeassoonaspossible.答案：replace12/742．evidencen．[U]证据；依据①Atpresentwehavenoevidenceoflifeonotherplanets.当前我们还没有在其它行星上存在生命证据。②Doyouhaveevidencethatthistreatmentworks?你有证据能够证实这种治疗方法管用吗？③Wefoundfurtherscientificevidenceforthistheory.我们找到了深入证实这种理论科学依据。④Whathesaidsoundsright,butthereisnotenoughevidencetoshowheisn'tthemurderer.他话听起来合乎情理，但没有足够证据来证实他不是凶手。13/74知识拓展evidenceof/for……证据(交换位置)Thereissome/noevidencethat有/没有证据证实……giveevidence出庭作证inevidence显眼，引人注目地evidentadj.明白，显著evidentlyadv.显然地14/74①Thereissomeevidencethatasmallamountofalcoholisgoodforyou.有证据显示，少许饮酒有益健康。②Carolwascalledupontogiveevidence.卡罗尔被要求出庭作证。15/74即学即用语法填空No________(evident)hasbeenfoundsofarandasaresulttheyoungmanwassetfree.答案：evidence题意：查无实据，所以那个年轻人被释放。evidence“证据”，符合题意。16/743．beliefn．[U，C]信念；信条；相信；信任↔disbeliefn．[U]不信；怀疑；疑惑①HeexplainedthebeliefsofTaoismtous.他向我们讲解了道教教义。②Mybeliefisthathewillwin.我确信他会赢。③Lindashookherheadindisbelief.琳达怀疑地摇了摇头。17/7418/74助记dis­可加在名词、动词或形容词之前，表示相反词义。类似词还有：disadvantagen．不利条件discomfortn．不舒适discontinuevt.中止discouragevt.使气馁dishonestadj.不老实disgracefuladj.可耻；差劲19/74搭配beyondbelief难以置信Ifindhisbehaviourbeyondbelief.我发觉他所作所为令人难以置信。20/74即学即用语法填空Thedifficultiestheyarefacingarejustbeyond________(believe)thoughtheydecidedtocontinuetheirresearch.答案：belief句意：他们决心继续他们研究，不过他们面临困难是难以置信。beyondbelief为固定短语，意为“难以置信；不可思议”。21/741.cometo(1)共计，到达；归结为Theplancametonothing.计划落空了。(2)包括；至于Whenitcomestoplayingbasketballheisthechamp.说到打篮球，他最拿手。(3)清醒；复苏22/74知识拓展cometolight暴露，显露cometooneself清醒过来；恢复自制力whenitcomesto...当包括……cometoanend结束cometoadecision作出决定cometoaconclusion得出结论cometosb.被想出23/74即学即用她突然想到自己从开始就错了。__________________________________________shehadbeenwrongallalong.答案：Itsuddenlycametoherthat24/742．believein(1)信任；依赖；相信……效用Ifyoubelieveinyourself,youcansucceed.你能自信便会成功。(2)相信……真实性；相信……存在Doyoubelieveinmagic?你相信魔术真有其事吗？25/74知识拓展believeitornot信不信由你believeme(加强语气)相信我话，真makebelieve假装Wouldyoubelieveit?(表示诧异)你能相信吗？26/74即学即用翻译句子①我相信了他，尽管他话听上去难以置信。________________________________________________②据信这房子建于1735年。________________________________________________③人们需要个能够信赖总统。________________________________________________27/74答案：①Ibelievedhim,eventhoughhiswordssoundedunlikely.②Itisbelievedthatthehousewasbuiltin1735.③Thepeopleneedapresidenttheycanbelievein.28/743．comeon(1)口语中惯用来表示“快”；“来吧(别再犹豫了)”；“加油”；“赶快”等。ComeonTom.Ihavesomethingtotellyou.快过来汤姆，我有事要告诉你。(2)进行；进展(＝comealong)①Howisyourworkcomingon?你工作进展怎样？②Ihopehisplansarecomingonallright.我希望他计划进展顺利。29/74(3)(夜幕等)降临，到来Nightiscomingon.夜晚就要降临。(4)举行；上演①Theplaywillcomeonnextweek.这部剧将在下周上演。②Thefinalexaminationcomesonnextmonth.期末考试下月举行。30/74知识拓展comeabout发生；造成comeacross(无意中)碰到；找到comealong跟着去；进展comeback恢复；回想起来comefrom来自……；是……人comeout出版；长出；显出；结果是；结局是31/74即学即用介词填空OnedayIcame________anewspaperarticleabouttheretirementofanEnglishprofessoratanearbystatecollege.答案：eacross意为“偶遇”。句意：一天我偶然读到了一篇报纸上文章，是关于附近一所州立大学一位英语教授退休事情。32/741.AmateurastronomerDavidBateswaslookingatthemoonthroughhistelescopelastnightwhenhegotabigsurprise.昨晚正当日文学业余兴趣者戴维·贝茨透过望远镜观看月球时，(所看到景象令)他大吃一惊。该句中when作连词，相当于andthen，意为“就在那个时候；这时”，前一分句多用进行时、过去完成时、beaboutto或beonthepointofdoing形式，表示一件事非常及时地在另一件事情正在进行时发生了。33/74①IwaswatchingTVwhenhesuddenlycamein.我正在看电视，这时他突然进来了。②Iwasabouttoleavewhenthetelephonerang.我正要离开，这时电话响了。③Theboywasonthepointofdrowningwhenhecaughtholdoftherope.那个孩子在快要被淹没时抓住了绳子。34/74即学即用语法填空Ihadjuststeppedoutofthebathroomandwasbusydryingmyselfwithatowel________Iheardthesteps.答案：whenwhen在此作连词相当于andatthattime.35/742．nowthat(＝since)既然[△引导原因状语从句]①Nowthatyouhavefinishedyourwork,you'dbetterhavearest.既然你工作已经做完了，最好休息一下吧。②Wemayaswellfinishthejob,nowthatwe'vegonesofarwithit.既然这项工作已经做了这么多，我们还是把它做完为好。36/74注意：nowthat中that可省去。③Now(that)youaregrownup,youshouldnotrelyonyourparents.既然你已经长大了，就不应该依赖父母了。[译]既然你已准备好了，我们现在能够走了。[正]Nowthatyouareready,wecangonow.[误]Nowthatyouareready,sowecangonow.37/74即学即用语法填空________you'vegotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.答案：Nowthat/Since句意：既然你得到了机会，最好充分利用它。nowthat/since“既然”，引导原因状语从句，符合题意。38/743．Isthisthefirsttimehe'sseenalienslandingonthemoon?这是他第一次看见外星人登陆月球吗？39/74This/Itisthefirst/second.../lasttimethat...“这是某人第一/二……/最终一次做某事”，that引导定语从句，在口语中that常省略。①Itisthethirdtimethathehaswonthegoldmedal.这是他第三次赢得金牌。②Thiswasthefirsttimethatwehadseenher.这是我们首次与她见面。40/74词语辨析：thefirsttime,forthefirsttimethefirsttime是名词短语，在句中可作表语，组成句型：It/Thisisthefirsttimethat...，也能够作连词使用，引导时间状语从句。forthefirsttime是介词短语，在句中只能作状语。41/74①This/ItisthefirsttimethatIhaveseensuchagoodfilm.我这是第一次看这么好电影。②ThefirsttimeIwenttoBeijing,IvisitedtheSummerPalace.我第一次去北京时，参观了颐和园。③Theymetforthefirsttime.他们第一次见了面。42/74知识拓展关于It'stime几个特殊句型(1)It'stimeforsth.到了做某事时间了(2)It'stimeforsb.todosth.某人该做某事了(3)It's(high)timethat从句中动词用过去式或should＋动词原形，注意should不能省略。43/74①It'stimeforlunch,Ithink.我认为该吃午饭了。②It'stimeforyoutogetup.你该起床了。③Isn'tittimethatyoumadeupyourmind?现在是下定决心时候了，不是吗？44/74即学即用语法填空ThisisthethirdtimethatFengXiaogang________(win)theAward.答案：haswon45/744．Youmustbejoking!你一定在开玩笑！must在此表示必定推测，意为“必定；非常可能”；惯用于以下结构：(1)“must＋do”，对现在或未来情况推测。Youmustbetiredafteryourlongjourney.走了这么远路，你一定很累。(2)“must＋bedoing”，表示对现在进行或未来情况推测。Hemustbeworkingattheofficeforthelightisstillon.他一定还在办公室上班，那儿灯还亮着。46/74(3)“must＋havebeendoing”，表示对到当前为止或过去情况推测。HemusthavebeenwatchingTVathomethen.当初他一定是在家看电视。注意：must表推测时只用于必定句，在疑问句或否定句中要用can或could来表示。①Wherecanhebe?他可能在哪里呢？②Hecan'tbeateacher.他不可能是老师。47/74知识拓展表推测情态动词反意疑问句可用“回归法”来确定，即回归到不是表示推测时候，这句话该怎么说，反意疑问句就怎么定。48/74①Hemusthavepassedthedrivingtestyesterday,didn'the?他昨天一定经过了驾驶考试，是吗？②Shemusthavebeenasleepthen,wasn'tshe?她那时一定是睡着了，是吗？③Hemustbeathome,isn'the?他一定在家，是吗？④Yourbrothercan'thaveleft,hashe?你弟弟不可能已经离开了，不是吗？49/74即学即用语法填空Ifyou______go,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.答案：must本题考查情态动词。句意：假如你一定要走，最少要等到暴风雨结束。must“非得，偏要”，符合句意。50/74新课口号法51/7452/74表解语法助记(Ⅰ)类别使用方法例句主从句动作发生次序when与as引导时间状语从句，主从句谓语动词能够同时发生也能够先后发生；while引导时间状语从句，主从句谓语动词同时发生或主句动作发生在从句动作进行过程中。①Whenhehadfinishedhishomework,hetookashortrest.当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。(从句动作先发生)②WhenIgottotheairport,theguestshadleft.当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。(从句动作后发生)③Whilewewereworkinginthefields,itsuddenlybegantorain.当我们在地里劳动时，突然下起雨来。(主句动作发生在从句动作进行过程中)53/74类别使用方法例句主从句时态要求假如主句动作发生于表示“当……时”时间状语从句中动作进行过程中，从句惯用进行时。①Someonebrokeintothehousewhen/while/asshewassleeping.在她睡觉时有些人闯进屋里。②WhenTomwasreading,Jimwentouttoplayfootball.汤姆看书时候，吉姆出去踢球了。54/74图解语法助记(Ⅱ)55/74表解语法助记(Ⅱ)在主从复合句中作原因状语从句叫做原因状语从句。原因状语从句由because,since,as,nowthat等引导，可置于主句之前也可置于主句之后。56/74引导词使用方法例句because表示原因是直接而不是推断，语气很强。往往用往返答由why开头特殊疑问句。从句是全句重心。—Whywereyouabsent?——你为何缺席了？—BecauseIwasill.——因为我病了。since语气较弱，有“既然”之意，表示已知或显著原因，主句内容是全句句意重心。Sincehecan'tcome,Ihavetoasksomeoneelsetohelpme.既然他来不了，我只好叫他人帮我。as普通位于主句之前，语气不如because强。假如位于主句之后，表示语气更弱，仅是对主句附加说明。Ashewasnotwell,Idecidedtogoalone.因为他身体不好，我决定一个人去。nowwhatnowthat和since同义，其中that能够省去，用来表示提出一个新情况，再加以推论。Nowthatyouarefreetoday,youmayhavearestathome.既然你今天有空，就能够在家休息一下。57/74即学即用语法填空①Pleasecallmysecretarytoarrangeameetingthisafternoon,or________itisconvenienttoyou.答案：whenever本题考查状语从句。句意：请给我秘书打电话让他今天下午或者对你来说方便任何时候安排会议。whenever“任何时候”。由前面时间状语thisafternoon可知此处用whenever引导状语从句。58/74②Asisreported,itis100years________QinghuaUniversitywasfounded.答案：since本题考查关系连词。句意：正如报道那样，清华大学建校100周年了。从句中动词时态“wasfounded”来看，since一词最适当。59/74③OneFriday,wewerepackingtoleaveforaweekendaway________mydaughterheardcriesforhelp.答案：when考查时间状语从句引导词。句意：在一个星期五，我们正在打包准备动身去度周末，这时我女儿突然听到呼救声。when“当……时，这时”。本题考查句式：Sb.was/weredoing...when...“某人正在做某事这时突然发生了某事”。60/74④ItwasApril29,______PrinceWilliamandKateMiddletonwalkedintothepalacehalloftheweddingceremony.答案：when本题考查定语从句。句意：年4月29日，威廉王子与凯特·米德尔顿步入婚礼殿堂。分析结构可知，April29,为定语从句先行词，从句缺乏时间状语，用when引导。61/74基础巩固62/74Ⅰ.单词拼写1．AfterthelectureJackedgeduptothespeakerandaskedhimforhis________(亲笔署名)．2．Thecompetitionisopentoboth________(业余)andprofessionalphotographers.3．Many________(政客)madepromises,buttheynevercametrue.4．An________(天文学家)shouldhavealotofknowledgeaboutspaceandgeography.5．ItissaidthatChinawillsendupa________(宇宙飞船)whichorbitsthemoon.63/746．Peoplecanseethingsfarawaythrougha________(望远镜)．7．Heisafootball________(迷)andspendsalotoftimeplayingfootball.8．Theywere________(高兴)thatthedateoftheconferencehadbeenfixed.9．Chaplinisknownasoneofthegreatestandfunniest______(演员)inthehistoryofthecinema.10．Edwardretired,andGeorge________(代替)himascaptainoftheteam.64/74答案：1.autograph2.amateur3.politicians4.astronomer5．spaceship6.telescope7.fan8.delighted9.actors10．replaced65/74Ⅱ.依据所给汉语提醒，完成句子1．人必须相信自己，这是成功秘诀。Youhaveto________________yourself.That'sthesecretofsuccess.2．我正要离开，电话铃响了。I________just________________thetelephonerang.3．她辞职事大家都感到诧异。Herresignationcame________________________.66/744．既然你明天忙，我就不来电话给你了。________________youarebusytomorrow,Iwon'tcallyouupthen.5．您愿意给我安排一辆出租汽车吗？________________________arrangeataxiforme?答案：1.believein2.was,leavingwhen3.asasurprise4.Nowthat5.Couldyoupossibly67/74Ⅲ.单句改错1．Thefirsttimewhenhecametothecity,hedecidedtosettlethere.________________________________________________2．Iwasabouttoleavewhileanoldfriendcametovisitme.________________________________________________3．Thisisthesecondtimethatyoumadethemistake.________________________________________________68/744．ShouldIreplyhisletter?________________________________________________5．Hisgreatsuccesswassurprisetousall.________________________________________________答案：1.去掉when2.while改为when3.made前加have4.reply后加to5.surprise前加a69/