新课标八年级下册Unit3-Could-you-please-clean-your-room知识点详解及练习

Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?SectionAPeter,couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？【解析1】Couldyoupleasedosth?请你〔做〕好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定答复，说话的语气比拟客气委婉。Could不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。答复用can.【常用答语】肯定答复：Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Noproblem.否认答复：Sorry,Ican’t()1..—CouldIborrowyourcamera?—___________，butpleasegiveitbackbySaturday.A.IamsorryB.OfcourseC.CertainlynotD.No,thanks()2.—Sir,couldyoupleaseputoutyourcigarette?Thisisasmoke-free〔无烟的〕school.—__________A.I'msorryaboutthis.B.NoproblemC.Sure,I'dlovetoD.Nevermind【解析2】takeout取出〔v+adv〕【注】:跟代词做宾语，代词放中间；跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边〔〕Histeethhurtbadly.Thedentist______.A.takeoutitB.takeoutthemC.takeitoutD.takethemout【短语】takeoutthetrash倒垃圾takeawalk散步takeaway拿走，取走takeback收回takeplace发生takeoff脱下；起飞2.Canyoudothedishes.？那你可以洗盘子吗？dothedishes洗碗【结构1】dothe+名词：dothedishes/laundry洗餐具/衣服【结构2】dothe+动词-ingdothecleaning清扫卫生【结构3】doone’s+名词doone’shousework/homework做家务/家庭作业【结构4】dosome+动词-ingdosomereading/shopping读写书/购物①Hismother______________(洗碟子)inarestaurant.()②Hehelpshismother______aftereverymeal.A.doesthedishesB.dothedishC.dothedishesD.doesthedishCouldIatleastfinishwatchingthisshow?至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？【解析1】CouldIdoasth?我可以做吗？用于表达请求，语气比拟委婉。CouldIgooutwithmyclassmatethisweekend?【解析2】atleast至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反)atmost至少，不超过【2012江苏南通4】Nowallofusexerciseat___least____houradayandoutsideschool.A.the;aB.a;anC.不填；aD.不填；an【解析3】finishv结束；完成finishdoingsth做完某事【2013四川雅安4】8.—Canyoufinish____thesebooksbefore10o'clock?—Yes,Ican.A.toreadB.readC.readsD.ReadingIthinktwohoursofTVisenoughforyou!我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。【解析1】twohoursofTV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。Howtimeisflies!Threeyears_______(be)reallyashorttime.作形容词 作形容词足够的，充分的〔在句中作定语或表语〕【解析2】enoughIdon’thaveenoughmoneywithme.作副词作副词 足够；充分〔放在形容词；副词后〕Theriverisdeepenoughforswimming.【记】Mr.Smithhasenoughmoney,butheisn’tkindenoughtohelpothers.【注意】enough修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。()=1\*GB3①Intheolddays,people’sdidn’thave_____toeat.A.foodenoughB.enoughfoodC.enoughfor()=2\*GB3②Youarenot____totakepartinthematch.Pleaseworkhardandtrytoimproveyourself.A.goodenoughB.EnoughgoodC.wellenoughCouldyoutakeouttherubbish,foldtheclothesanddothedishes?你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？【解析】takeout拿出；取出【拓展】take构成的短语：takeawalk去散步takearest休息takecareof照顾takeoff脱下；起飞takeup占据takedown拿下takeone’stime不急；慢慢来takeone’stemperature量体温6.TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。【解析1】theminute=assoonas“一就”Pleasewritetometheminuteyougetthere.【解析2】infrontofinfrontof指在物体外部的前面infrontofThereisabikeinfrontoftheclassroom.【辨析】inthefrontof指在物体内部的前面inthefrontofOurteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom【记】Thedriversat________________thecar.Thepolicemanstood___________thecar.()Atlastthetaxistopped______atallbuilding,andweallgotoff.A.infrontB.inthefrontC.infrontofD.inthefrontof【注意】有the无the区别大：attable吃饭；进餐atthetabel在桌边inhospital住院inthehospital在医院〔不一定看病〕【解析3】comeover过来【拓展】come短语：comeacross〔偶然〕发现comeback回来comeupwith想出cometrue实现comefrom=befrom来自,出生于comein/into进入,进来comeon赶快,加油comealong走吧,过来,快点7.YouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!【解析】allthetime=always一直；总是()Man’sunderstandingofnatureisdeveloping____.Itneverstaysatthesamelevel.A.attherighttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.fromtimetotimeD.allthetime【拓展】与time相关的短语：ontime按时intime及时atthesametime同时formtimetotime偶尔thefirsttime第一次attimes有时timeandtimeagain一再；经常lasttime上次nexttime下次〔〕Weallknowthattheearthmovesaroundthesun_____.A.ontimeB.attimesC.allthetimeD.intime【湖北岳阳】Iknewitwasimpossibleforme__________(按时上班)whenImissedthelastbus.8.I’mjustastiredasyouare!我和你一样累！【解析】as...as...和一样【2013江西1】26.Thereareasmallnumberofpeopleinvolved,possibly______twenty. A.asfewas B.aslittleas C.asmanyas D.asmuchas【2013安徽1】33.It’ssaidthatthepowerplantisnow____largeaswhatitwas.A.twiceasB.astwiceC.twicemuchD.muchtwice【注】比拟级倍数表达句型为：倍数+as+形容词、副词原级+as+比拟对象【2013福建2】23.Thefamousmusician,aswellashisstudents,_______toperformattheopeningceremonyofthe2012TaipeiFlowerExpo.A.wereinvitedB.wasinvitedC.havebeeninvitedD.hasbeeninvited9.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。【解析】neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语“某人〔主语〕也不”⑴neither两者都不neither…nor…既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定NeitherTomnorJimisastudent()1.Ihavetwosisters,but________ofthemisateacher.A.allB.neitherC.bothD.none()2.—TheteachersinthatschoolspeakeitherEnglishorFrench,oreven_______.—That'ssocool!A.allB.bothC.neitherD.none()3.—Whichmagazinedoyoulikebetter,CrazyReadingorTeen’sspace?—Ilike___ofthem.TheyareusefulforEnglishlessons.A.noneB.neitherC.allD.both()4.－Whichdoyouprefer,aCDplayerorawalkman?－______.Ipreferaportablecomputer.A.Both B.Either C.None D.Neither()5.Hespeaks______English______French.Instead,hespeaksGerman.Aeither;orBnotonly;butalsoCboth;andDneither;nor⑵表达“…也不……”那么用“Neither/Nor+be/V助/V情+主”()1.—Thefirstonewasn’tbad.—__________.A.Sowasn’tthesecondB.SothesecondwasC.Neitherwasn’tthesecondD.Neitherwasthesecond()2.–Idon’tlikerainydays.—________.Rainydaysalwaysmakemesad.A.NeitherdoIB.SodoIC.NeitherIdoD.SoIdo10.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.【解析】find+宾语+宾语补足语【注】find→found→foundv寻找(1)findsb.doingsth发现某人做某事(2)findit+adj.+todosth发现做某事很……◆finditdifficult/hardtodosth发现做某事很困难()Shefound___hardtofinishtheworkbyherself.A.thatB.it’sC.itD.This11.Sheaskedinsurprise.她吃惊地问道。【解析】insurprise惊奇地；吃惊地surprisev使吃惊→surprisingadj.令人吃惊的→surprisedadj.吃惊的toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是insurprise吃惊地besurprisedat对……感到吃惊①__________________(使我吃惊的是〕，hegotthefirstprizeintheexam.②Weare____________atthe_____________news.(surprise)()③___hissurprise,shesucceededinclimbingupthehighmountain.A.AtB.ToC.InD.On【2011昭通】Iwasverysurprisedwhenthealienwentintoasouvenirshop.A.excitedB.amazingC.relaxingD.amazed12.“I’mdosorry,Mom.Ifinishunderstandthatweneedtosharethehouseworktohaveacleanandcomfortablehome.”Ireplied.【解析1】needv需要【解析2】share分享；共用sharesth分享或共用某物sharesthwithsb.与某人分享某物()Allhisfriends_____hishappinesswhenhewonthematch.A.SharedB.SharedfromC.Sharedwith13.CouldIhangoutwithmyfriendsafterthemovie?【解析】hangout闲逛hangup把悬挂/挂起14.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?你能把盐递给我吗？【解析】pass⑴v给；递；走过；通过passsb.sth把某物递给某人Passon传递Pleasepassthepaperontotheotherstudents.⑵v通过；路过Ipassyourhome.⑶v通过〔考试〕；及格Tomcanpasshismathexam.【2013广东中考】IfNancy__theexam,shewillgotoAustraliaforEnglishstudy.A.passB.passedC.passesD.willpass15.CouldIborrowthatbook?我能借下你那本书看吗、Couldyoulendmesomemoney?你能借我一些钱吗？【解析】borrow/lend/keep(1)borrow借入,与from连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】borrowsthfromsb.从某人那里借某物Youcanborrowthebookfromthelibrary.(2)lend借出,与to搭配【指借出去】lendsbsth=lendsthtosb把某物借给某人Hedoesn’twanttolendhisbooktoothers.(3)keep保存，保存〔延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用〕【指借一段时间】【记】Iwantto__________abikefrommyfriendbuthedidn’t____ittome,becauseTomhad_____itfortwodays.【宁夏中考1】Youmay___thebookfortwoweeks.A.keepB.borrowC.lendD.buy【湖北恩施2】—MayI____yourdictionary?—Sorry.LiLei____itforfivedays.A.lend;borrowedB.borrow;haskeptC.borrow;hasborrowedD.lend;haslent【西宁中考2】Althoughyoulikethebook,youmayonly______itfortwoweeks.A.borrowB.keepC.lendD.stay.16.IcutmyfingerandI’mtryingnottogetitwet.【解析】try(not)todosth努力〔不〕做某事。tryv试图，设法，努力【拓展】(1)tryon试穿(2)trytodosth努力做某事【侧重尽力做】(3)trydoingsth试图做某事【侧重尝试做】(4)tryone’sbesttodosth=doone’sbesttodosth尽某人最大努力做某事①Weshould__________________(尽最大努力)tobehappyinthefuture.()②Weshouldtry___muchfruit.A.eatB.toeatC.eatingD.eats17.Ihatetodochores.我讨厌做家务。【解析】hatetodosth讨厌做某事,表示某次具体行为或动作。Ihatetotroublehim.hatedoingsth不愿意做某事表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。Shehatessmokinginherroom.18.CouldIaskyoutohelpmewithsomechoresthen?那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗？【解析】asksb.todosth要求某人做某事。askfor请求，要某物asksb.aboutsth向某人询问关于某事(1)asksb.forhelp向某人请求帮助(2)asksb.(not)todosth请求某人做某事()①IfyouhavedifficultyinlearningEnglish,youshouldaskyourteacheroryourclassmates___help.A.forB.ofC.inD.on()②Theyoungshould___theold___adviceatwork.A.ask;forB.ask;toC.askfor;/D.asks;/19.I’llfinishmyhomeworkwhileyouhelpmewiththedishes.【解析1】finishdoingsth完成某事【2013雅安中考】—Canyoufinish___thesebooksbefore10o’clock?—Yes,Ican.A.toreadB.readC.readsD.reading【解析2】whileconj.“在……期间；当……的时候”While引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。【2013菏泽中考】_____thechildrenhavefun,parentscantakedancelessonsonthebeach.A.WhenB.IfC.WhileD.Once【2013杭州中考】Sallytookaphotoofherfriendswhilethey___computergames.A.playB.areplayingC.haveplayedD.wereplaying【解析3】helpsb.withsth.在某事上帮助某人。【注】helpv帮助→helpfuladj.有帮助的(1)helpsb.dosth.=helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事(2)withthehelpofsb.=withone’shelp在某人的帮助之下(3)withoutthehelpof没有在…的帮助之下①Ithinkreadingisvery____________(help).()②______yourhelp,wecouldn’tcatchthethief.WithB.UnderC.ForD.Without【2013浙江温州2】Annoftenhelpsme___mathafterschool.A.forB.withC.onD.by课文重难点讲解SectionBCouldIinvitemyfriendstoaparty?我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？【解析】invitesb.toSp.邀请某人去某地【解析】invitev→invitationn邀请invitesb.todosth邀请某人做某事(2)invitesb.to+地点邀请某人去某地练习：Youshouldrefusehis__________(invite).Heisreallyfriendly.Weinvitedhim_______(join)ustopracticespeakingEnglish.Heinvitedalotoffriends_________(come)tohisbirthdayparty.Idon’tunderstandwhysomeparentsmaketheirkidshelpwithhouseworkandchoresathome.【解析】makesb.dosth让某人做某事make→made→madev.做，制作，使得makesb/sth+形容词“让某人或某物…”makeyouhappy(2)makesb/sthdosth使某人做某事makemelaugh.【make短语】:makesure确信makeamistake犯错误makeanoise吵闹makefaces做鬼脸makefriends(with)和..交朋友maketea沏茶makemoney赚钱makeadecision作出决定makethebed整理床铺makealiving谋生makefunof=laughat取笑Theydon’thavetimetostudyanddohousework，too【解析】havetimetodosth.有时间做某事havetime=befree有空4.Houseworkisawasteoftheirtime.做家务是在浪费他们的时间。【解析】awasteof浪费awasteoftime浪费时间awasteofmoney浪费金钱wastev“浪费”wastetime/moneyonsthwastetime/money(in)doingsth在做某事上花费时间/金钱Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesandgetintoagooduniversity.【解析1】spend.◆pay→paid→paidv支付，主语是人sb.+pay+钱+forsthIpay10yuanforthebook.(3)cost→cost→costv花费，主语是某物或某事◆sthcostsb.+钱某物花费某人多少钱Anewcomputercostsmealotofmoney.◆take→took→takenv花费Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.【解析2】inorderto“目的是；为了”inordertodosth为了做某事【解析3】getinto=enter进入【拓展】与get相关的短语：getup起床getback返回getover克服getdressed穿衣getinto进入get/belost丧失getoff/on下/上车getonwellwithsb.与某人相处得好getoutof从…出来getwarm变暧getreadyfor+n.为…做准备getreadytodosth.准备做某事getwell康复getachance有时机、得到时机Itistheparents’jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.【解析】providesth.forsb.为某人提供某物providev提供providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb相当于：offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.Ithinkitisimportantforchildrentolearnhowtodochoresandhelptheirparentswithhousework.【解析】Itisimportantforsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事是重要的Childrenthesedaysdependontheirparentstoomuch.现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。【解析】dependon依靠；信赖...Everyoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.【解析1】doone’spart尽职责；尽本分doone’spartindoingsth在做某事上尽职责【解析2】keep+sth/sb.+adj.“使处于某种状态”(1)keep(on)doingsth继续做某事Hewasingreatpainbuthekeptonworking(2)keepsb.doingsth让某人一直做某事I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.10.Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren’sindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.【解析】developindependence培养独立意识developv→developmentn开展→developingadj.开展的→developedadj.兴旺的adevelopingcountry一个开展中国家adevelopedcountry一个兴旺国家Ourneighbor’ssongotintoagoodcollegebutduringhisfirstyear,hehadnideahowtotakecareofhimself.【解析】takecareof照顾【拓展】与take相关的短语：takephotos/pictures照像takeaway拿走takeout取出takecare留神takemedicine服药takeplace发生takeone’stemperature量体温takeone’stime别着急takeawalk散步12.Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.结果，他常常生病，功课也落下了。【解析1】asaresult结果〔插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开〕【解析2】fallill生病fallasleep入睡Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.【解析】the+比拟级，the+比拟级“越越”练习：()1.I’dinviteher________dinneratmyhousetomorrow.A.haveB.tohaveC.havingD.had()2.Shewasverypleasedbecauseweinvited____tostaywithusat___house.A.she;weB.her;ourC.her;oursD.hers;us()3.Remembertospendsometime__yourlovedones,becausethey’renotgoingtobearoundforever.A.fromB.withC.inD.on()4.—Howmuchdidyou____forthiscomputer?—Fivehundreddollars.A.costB.takeC.spendD.pay()5.Colorscanchangeourmoodsandmakeus___happyorsad,energeticorsleep.A.tofeelB.feelingC.feltD.feel()6.I_____10yuanforthatbook.A.spentB.paidC.costD.take()7.Jimspenttwohours___thathouse.A.todrawB.drawsC.drawD.drawing()8.Shespent100dollarsonherdress.A.cost;forB.paid;forC.took;toD.use;for〔〕()9.—Couldyoupleaseprovideus____someinformationaboutthestudents’health?—Ofcourse,it’smypleasure.A.toB.ofC.fromD.with()10..ThelocalpeoplelikethatItalianrestaurantbecauseit____bothdeliciousfoodandgoodservice.A.uses B.wants C.shares D.Provides()11.--Areyoualwaysonline?--Yes.It____mealotoftimetoreadthewebpagesIlikes.It’sthebestwaytokilltime.A.takesB.spendsC.usesD.pays()12.Itonly______him20minutes______tohisofficeeveryday.A.takes,todriveB.took,driveC.takes,driveD.took,todrive()13.Itusually______Mumabouthalfanhourtocooksupper.A.paysB.takesC.spends D.costs()14.Ispent$5______thisbook.A.inB.tobuyC.buyingD.Buy()15.Br