广东省深圳市重点中学2024届高三一诊考试英语试卷含解析

广东省深圳市重点中学2024届高三一诊考试英语试卷考生须知：1．全卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，全部在答题纸上作答。选择题必须用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题的答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔写在“答题纸”相应位置上。2．请用黑色字迹的钢笔或答字笔在“答题纸”上先填写姓名和准考证号。3．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．—Didyourfatherenjoyseeinghisoldfriendsyesterday?—Yes,hedid.Theyeachotherforages.A．didn’tseeB．wouldn’tseeC．haven’tseenD．hadn’tseen2．Timeisaprecious________thatisoftentakenforgrantedamongtheyoungpeople.A．commodity B．commission C．component D．constitution3．Sheisquite________toofficework.Youhadbetterofferhersomesuggestionswhennecessary.A．familiar B．similarC．fresh D．sensitive4．---Butforyourtimelywarning,weintogreattrouble.---Well,youknowwe’refriends.A．wouldget B．musthavegot C．wouldhavegot D．can’thavegot5．Thereisnoeasywaytorememberprepositions,asitisoneareaofEnglish____therulesseemveryirregular.A．that B．whereC．whose D．which6．Afterstudyinginamedicalcollegeforfiveyears,Jane______herjobasadoctorinthecountryside.A．setout B．tookover C．tookup D．setup7．—Areweabouttohavingdinner?—Yes,it________inthediningroom.A．serveB．isservingC．isbeingservedD．hasbeenserving8．Youhavetorewritethemonthlyreportbecauseyou_____manyimportantdetails.A．turnedoff B．leftoutC．droppedby D．putup9．—Jenny，howdidyourmathexamgo?—IthoughtI________，butinfactIcameinthetop10%intheclass.A．mighthavefailed B．couldn’thavefailed C．shouldhavefailed D．mustn’thavefailed10．Howcomeeverykidtodayismeanttobeachampionforsomething_____weknoweverykidcan’tbeastar?A．incaseB．asifC．whenD．unless11．Linda________tohermotherforsolongthatshefiguresoutalmosteverygestureofhermother’s.A．attended B．hadattended C．wouldattend D．hasattended12．Becauseoftheheavysnow,wehadtodelaythevisituntilthisweekendtotheartgallery____inthecenterofourcitythesedays.A．beingheld B．holding C．tobeheld D．held13．Scientistshaveintroducedanewmodelof3Dprinter,______differsfromtheexistingonesincertainaspects.A．as B．which C．who D．that14．Pelehadbagsofnaturaltalent,buthe______withoutthedeterminationtodealwithalltheproblemslifethrewinhispath.A．wouldneversucceed B．neversucceededC．wouldneverhavesucceeded D．haveneversucceeded15．Don’tbejoking.It’stimeto______yourbusiness.A．setout B．takeup C．goon D．getdown16．--Ipreferacomputermadeinyourcompany,butImayneedsomemoreinformationabouttheproduct.--______.A．Thankyou B．It’sapleasureC．Youarewelcome D．Atyourservice17．Thehigh-anxietyfocusonreadingscoremayhavenarrowedstudent________toknowledgeabouttheworldthatcanimprovetheirreading.A．idea B．aid C．belief D．access18．—Whatamess!Youarealwayssolazy!—I’mnottoblame,mum.Iam________youhavemademe.A．how B．what C．that D．who19．_______naturallybytheskinwhenexposedtosunlight,VitaminDisneededforhealthybones,teethandmuscles.A．Making B．TomakeC．Made D．Make20．Wherehaveyoubeen?—I_______intheheavytraffic.OtherwiseI_______hereearlier.A．havegotstuck;wouldhavecome B．gotstuck;wasC．gotstuck;wouldhavecome D．hadstuck;wouldcome第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Amechanicalbicyclelock,likeaU-lock,shouldbeattachedtoasolidandimmobileobjectlikearack（架子）toensuresafety.However,theseracksarequiterareandpopular,thusoftenoccupiedandalthoughabicyclelockpreventsthebikefrombeingcarriedaway,asitfixessinglepartsliketheframeorthewheels,otherpartscanbedismounted.Thereforeanelectronicsystem,consistingofseveralsensors,canextendtherangeofprotectionwithonlyfewcomponentsandlesseffort.The‘RFIDBikealarm’isamotionsensitiveelectronicalarmsystemthatisattachedtotherailsofabikesaddle（座椅）.Featuringomnidirectional（全方位）movementsensingtodetecttinymovementsorspeeding-upandasmallwhistleemitting>120dBalarmsoundtoscareoffpotentialthievesbyarousingattention.Theinternalmicrocontrollerusesacomplexcomputerprogramtodistinguishbetweenaserioustheftandharmlessshakingmovementasitsensesandadaptstotheenvironment.Theusageisquitesimple:identifyyourselfbyholdingtheRFIDtagclosetothecasetolockorunlockthealarmsystemsignaledbyfeedbacksounds.TheRFID-technologyispredestinedforachievingthissimpleandsecureinteractionbecauseitdoesn’trequireanycomplexsystem,interactionorotherdevices—justasmalltag.The‘RFIDBikcalarm’ismeanttobeausefuladd-ontomechanicalbicyclelocksasitmassivelyextendstherangeofprotectionwithfewcomponents.Itislow-cost,durableandeasytouse.TheinternalbatterycanbechargedbyUSB．1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dismounted”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A．fixedupB．foundoutC．takenawayD．lockedup2、WhichofthefollowingshowstherightpositionoftheRFIDBikealarmonabicycle?A．B．C．D．3、WhatwillhappenwhensomeonestealsabikewiththeRFIDBikealarm?A．Noiseswillbemade.B．Thebikewillbelocked.C．Thethiefwillbeidentified.D．Messageswillbesenttotheowner.4、WhichofthefollowingisafeatureoftheRFIDBikealarm?A．Itusescomplexparts.B．Itneedsaracktopreventbiketheft.C．Itshighpricescaresawayitsbuyers.D．Itworkstogetherwithamechanicallock.22．（8分）Tworecentstudieshavefoundthatpunishmentisnotthebestwaytoinfluencebehavior.Oneshowedthatadultsaremuchmorecooperativeiftheyworkinasystembasedonrewards.ResearchersatHarvardUniversityintheUnitedStatesandtheStockholmSchoolofEconomicsinSwedendidthestudy.TheyhadabouttwohundredcollegestudentsplayaversionofthegameknownasthePrisoner’sDilemma.Thegameisbasedonthetensionbetweentheinterestsofanindividualandagroup.Thestudentsplayedingroupsoffour.Eachplayercouldwinpointsforthegroup,sotheywouldallgainequally.Buteachplayercouldalsorewardorpunisheachoftheotherthreeplayers.HarvardresearcherDavidRandsaysthemostsuccessfulbehaviorprovedtobecooperation.Thegroupsthatrewardedthemostearnedabouttwiceasmuchinthegameasthegroupsthatrewardedtheleast.Andthemoreagrouppunisheditself,theloweritsearnings.ThestudyappearedlastmonthinthejournalScience.Theotherstudyinvolvedchildren.ItwaspresentedlastmonthinCaliforniaataconferenceonviolenceandabuse(虐待).Researchersusedintelligencetestsgiventotwogroups.Morethaneighthundredchildrenwereagedtwotofourthefirsttimetheyweretested.Morethansevenhundredchildrenwereagedfivetonine.Thetwogroupswereretestedfouryearslater,andthestudycomparedtheresultswiththefirsttest.Bothgroupscontainedchildrenwhoseparentsusedphysicalpunishmentandchildrenwhoseparentsdidnot.ThestudysaystheIQsoftheyoungerchildrenwhowerenotspankedwerefivepointshigherthanthosewhowere.Intheoldergroup,thedifferencewasalmostthreepoints.Themoretheyarespanked,theslowertheirmentaldevelopment.1、Whatdoweknowaboutthesecondstudy?A．Children'sIQshavemuchtodowithphysicalpunishment.B．Thestudyisaboutviolenceandcooperationofchildren.C．Thechildrentestedweredividedintogroupsoffour.D．Children'smentaldevelopmentonlyreliesontheirIQs.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spanked”referto?A．punishedB．blamedC．testedD．praised3、Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheBestWaytoCorrectMisbehaviorB．PunishmentIstheBestWayofEducationC．CooperationIstheMostSuccessfulBehaviorD．PunishmentorReward:WhichWorksBetteronBehavior?4、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Punishmentisthebestwaytoinfluencebadbehaviors.B．Theparticipantsinthefirststudyhavetherighttorewardorpunishothersinthegroup.C．theyoungerchildrenhaveahigherIQbecauseoftheirparents’educationallevel.D．Adultsaremuchmorecooperativethanchildren.23．（8分）AteamofengineersatHarvardUniversityhasbeeninspiredbyNaturetocreatethefirstroboticfly.Themechanicalflyhasbecomeaplatformforaseriesofnewhigh-techsystems.Designedtodowhataflydoesnaturally,thetinymachineisthesizeofafathousefly.Itsminiwingsallowittostayintheairandperformcontrolledflighttasks.“It’sextremelyimportantforustothinkaboutthisasawholesystemandnotjustthesumofabunchofindividualcomponents,”saidRobertWood,theHarvardengineeringprofessorwhohasbeenworkingontheroboticflyprojectforoveradecade.Afewyearsago,histeamgotthego-aheadtostartpiecingthecomponentstogether.“Theaddeddifficultywithaprojectlikethisisthatactuallynoneofthosecomponentsareofftheshelfandsowehavetodevelopthemallonourown,”hesaid.Theyengineeredaseriesofsystemstostartanddrivetheroboticfly.“Theseeminglysimplesystemwhichjustmovesthewingshasanumberofinterdependenciesontheindividualcomponents,eachofwhichindividuallyhastoperformwell,andthenhastobematchedwelltoeverythingit’sconnectedto,”saidWood.Theflightdevicewasbuiltintoasetofpower,computation,sensingandcontrolsystems.Woodsaysthesuccessoftheprojectprovesthattheflyingrobotwiththesetinycomponentscanbebuiltandmanufactured.Woodsaysthedesignoffersanewwaytostudyflightmechanicsandcontrolatinsect-scale.Yet,thepower,sensingandcomputationtechnologiesonboardcouldhavemuchbroaderapplications.“Youcanstartthinkingaboutusingthemtoansweropenscientificquestions,youknow,tostudybiologyinwaysthatwouldbedifficultwiththeanimals,butusingtheserobotsinstead,”hesaid.“Sotherearealotoftechnologiesandopeninterestingscientificquestionsthatarereallywhatdrivesusonadaytodaybasis.”1、Whatwasthedifficultyforengineerstomaketheroboticfly?A．Lackingenoughengineers.B．Lackingready-madecomponents.C．Starlingtostudythesystemtoolate.D．Havingnowaytofixcomponentstogether.2、Whatwasthesystemoftheroboticflylike?A．Itwashugebutsolid.B．Itwassmallandchangeable.C．Itwascomplexbutprecise.D．Itwasfixedandtraditional.3、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Engineerswillfixthesystemonsomeanimals.B．Thesystemoftheroboticflywillhaveagreateffectonourdailylife.C．Thesystemoftheroboticflywillfacelotsofscientificquestions.D．Engineerswillusethefindingsofthesystemtodofurtherresearch.4、Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．RobertWooddidtheresearchonhisown.B．Woodwillproducethesystemtoputitontothemarket.C．Theroboticsystemcanhavesomedifferentfunctions.D．Engineersmadethesysteminordertostudypowertechnologies.24．（8分）Throughouttheyear,anumberofYouthExchangesactivitiesareheldbyanorganization—TheInternationalVoluntaryService.Theseactivitiesgivesmallgroupsof45youngpeopletheopportunitytotakepartinvolunteeringtripsabroadforanaverageoftwoweeks.Theseyoungpeoplearejoinedby45youngpeoplefrom34othernationalitiesandwillbeawonderfulinterculturalexperienceinasafeenvironment.ExampleYouthExchanges：YouthExchange1Location：IrelandOthernationalities:Spain，Italy，HungaryTheme:Focusesonthetopicofcommunityreconstructionandcommunityactivities—exploringhowlocalissuesfacingourcommunitiesareconnectedtoglobalissues.Thegroupwillalsolearnabouttheecovillageasanexampleofacommunityandtakepartinteambuildingactivities.YouthExchange2Location：FranceOthernationalities:Bulgaria，ItalyTheme：Organicgardening&continualliving.Thisprojectwilltakeplaceinanaturalpark，wherethegroupwilltakepartingardeningactivitiesandgamesaboutcontinuousdevelopment.YouthExchange3Location：MacedoniaOthernationalities:Serbia，Turkey，IrelandTheme：Foster(培养)socialinclusion（融入）andmotivatepersonaldevelopmentofyoungpeoplethroughsportsandoutdooractivities.Promoteoutdooractivitiesasatooltohelpinclusionofyoungpeoplewithfeweropportunities.YouthExchange4Location：ItalyOthernationalities：Bulgaria，GreeceTheme：Asocial-environmentalprojectthatintendstopromotesocialinclusionandcontinuousdevelopment，regardedasaprocessofcivilrightsandactivecitizenship.Over10days，thegroupwilltakepartinactivitiestoraiseawareness(意识)abouttheeffectofourbehaviorontheenvironment.1、WhatdoyoufocusonwhentravellinginFrance?A．Rebuildingcommunities.B．Gardeningwork.C．Civilrights.D．Developingsocialinclusion.2、Ifyouareinterestedinprotectingtheenvironment，youcantakepartin________.A．YouthExchange1B．YouthExchange2C．YouthExchange3D．YouthExchange43、WhichnationalityareYouthExchangesmostpopularwith?A．France.B．Spain.C．Italy.D．Ireland.25．（10分）Itisthattimeofyearwhenpeopleneedtolocktheircars.It’snotbecausetherearealotofcriminalsrunningaroundstealingcars.Rather,it’sbecauseofthegood-heartedneighborswhowanttosharetheirharvest.Especiallywiththisyear’slargecrop,leavingacarunlockedinmyneighborhoodisaninvitationforsomeonetostuffitfullofzucchini（西葫芦）.Mysister-in-law,Sharon,recentlyhadagoodyearfortomatoes.Sheandherfamilyhadeatenandcannedsomanythattheybegantofeeltheirskinturnslightlyred.That’swhenshedecideditwastimetoshareherblessings.Shestartedcallingeveryonesheknew.Whenthatfailed,shebegantoaskeveryoneintheneighborhoodlikeapolitician,eventuallyfindinganeighbordelightedtohavethetomatoes.“Feelfreetotakewhateveryouwant,”Sharontoldher.Shefelthappythatshecouldhelpsomeoneandthatthefooddidn’tgotowaste.Afewdayslater,Sharonansweredthedoor.Therewastheneighbor,holdingsomebread.Theneighborsmiledpleasantly,“Iwanttothankyouforallofthetomatoes,andIhavetoadmitthatItookafewotherthingsandhopeyouwouldn’tmind.”Sharoncouldn’tthinkofanythingelseinhergardenthathadbeenworthharvestingandsaidno.“Oh,butyoudid,”theneighborsaid.“YouhadsomeoftheprettiestzucchiniI’veeverseen.”Sharonwasconfused.Zucchiniinhergarden?Theyhadn’tevenplatedanyzucchini.Butherneighborinsistedthattherereallywerebright-greenzucchiniinhergarden.Thetwoofthemwalkedtogetherintothebackyard.Whentheneighborpointedatthelonggreenvegetables,Sharonsmiled,“Well,actually,thosearecucumbersthatweneverharvested,becausetheygottoobig,softandbitterforeatingorcanning.”TheneighborlookedatSharon,shockwrittenalloverherface.Thenshesmiled,andheldoutthebreadthatshehadsharedallovertheneighborhood,“Ibroughtyoualoafofcucumberbread.Ihopeyoulikeit.”1、Whydoestheauthorsuggestthatpeopleintheneighborhoodshouldlocktheircars?A．Theymightbestolenbythieves.B．Theynightbemovedawaybythepolice.C．Theirneighborsmightfillthemwiththeirharvest.D．Theirneighborsmightthrowrubbishinthem.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blessings”inthesecondparagraphmean?A．tomatoes.B．belongings.C．helpfulthings.D．bestwishes.3、WhatdidtheneighbordoinSharon’sgarden?A．Sheharvesttomatoesonly.B．Sheharvestedzucchinibyaccident.C．Shetooksomecucumbersmistakenly.D．ShestolesomethingwithoutSharon’spermission.4、Wecaninferfromthearticlethattheneighborsbreadwouldtaste________.A．bitterbuttastyB．strangeandbitterC．hardandsourD．softandsweet.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）SuziegoestoherartclassTuesdayandThursdayafternoons.Shealwayslooksforwardtothosedayswhenshecandocreativethingsallafternoon.Sheloves___41___bowlsandcupsoutofclay.Lastmonthshelearnedtoput___42___intoahotoven,calledakiln,tomakeithardandstrong.Afterthepottery（陶器）has__43____downfromthekiln,sometimesshe___44___itwithalldifferentcolors.Brightcolorsareher__45____,althoughsometimesshelikestopaintin"___46___colors,"likebrownanddarkgreen.WhatSuzielikesbestaboutartisthegoodfeelingshegets___47___shehasfinished__48____onapieceofart.Andthenwhenshetakesithometoshowherparentsshefeelsso__49____ofwhatshehasmade.OnWednesdaysSuziedoessomethingelsethatshereally___50___.OnWednesdayafternoonsshewritesarticlesfortheschoolnewspaper.Whenshefirst___51___toherschool,shewroteanarticleabouthowitfeelstobeanewstudentinanewschool.Hersecondarticleinthenewspaperwasaboutateacheratherschoolwhohadjustfinishedwritingabook.Onthedaythenewspapercomes___52___,thefirstthingSuziedoesisto___53___whereherarticleisinthenewspaper.Andatthebeginningofherarticle,arethewords:BySuzanneJefferson.Onthewayhomefromschoolyesterday,Suzie___54___tothinkingabouthow__55____artandwritingarethesame.Inartclassshethinksof__56____thingstomake,andthenspendsalotoftimemakingitlookjustright.Andwhenshewritesarticlesfortheschoolnewspaper,shethinksofcreativethingsto__57____,andthenspendsalotoftimemakingit__58____justright.Andwhenshehasfinishedwritingareallygoodsentence,shefeelsalmostasifshehasmadeabeautifulpieceofart.Suzie__59____homesoshecouldwritesomethingshortbeforedinner.Shealreadyhadlotsofideasfornextmonth'snewspaper.Andshewantedtomakesurethatnoneofhercreativeideas___60___awaybeforeshewrotethemdownpermanentlyonpaper.1、A．using B．painting C．drawing D．making 2、A．bowls B．pottery C．cups D．clay 3、A．dropped B．cooled C．come D．fallen 4、A．rubs B．cleans C．brushes D．paints 5、A．bests B．friends C．favorites D．fears6、A．bright B．earth C．black D．deep 7、A．before B．when C．that D．until8、A．working B．painting C．putting D．taking 9、A．worried B．anxious C．happy D．proud 10、A．promises B．wants C．hates D．enjoys 11、A．got B．sent C．moved D．returned12、A．up B．in C．out D．about 13、A．read B．search C．overlook D．check 14、A．began B．went C．got D．started 15、A．soon B．much C．long D．far 16、A．relative B．creative C．productive D．active 17、A．tell B．talk C．speak D．say 18、A．feel B．look C．sound D．appear 19、A．rushedB．walked C．got D．went 20、A．left B．forgot C．floated D．kept第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）语法填空Itiswell1．(know)thatglobalwarmingresultsfromhumanburningfossilfuelslikecoal,naturalgasandoiltoproduceenergy.Someby-productsofthisprocessarecalled“greenhouse”gases,2．whichthemostimportantoneiscarbondioxide.These“greenhouse”gasescankeep3．earthwarmenoughforustoliveon.However,when4．(quantity)ofextracarbondioxideareputintotheatmosphere,theglobaltemperaturetends5．(go)up.Althoughscientistshavedifferentopinionsaboutthefutureeffectsofglobal6．(warm),mostbelievethatthetemperatureoftheearthwouldincreasebyabout5degreesoverthenext100years,7．maycausethesealeveltorise,bringaboutfloods,storms,droughts,thespreadofdiseasesandthedisappearanceofspecies.8．Hambleysaysmorecarbondioxidewillmakeplantsgrow9．(quick)；cropswillproducemoreandthatitwillencourageagreaterrangeofanimals.Greenhousegasescontinuetobuildupintheatmosphere.Theclimate10．(keep)onwarmingfordecadesorcenturiesevenifwestartreducingtheamountofgreenhousegases.Whatwillbethefutureresultsofglobalwarming?Wewaitandsee.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短信。信中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。请按照下列格式修改：增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下划画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Aterriblestormtookpl