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词·非

词●

:·1)动词性质·havebreakfastfast·

Havingbreakfastfastisbad

for

health.·2)非动词性质,即名词及形容词性

质·Toseeis

to

believe.·Thegirl

standingthereismy

sister.●

型·1)不定式

infinitive

具有名词及形容

性)

es

n

p

4)过去分词

past

participle·

,等动名词,可作句子主语,宾语,语式表定●·性articiple有

词t具edprun32···具

性具有形容词词性●

异·1)不定式强调结果,动名词强调过程·To

see

istobelieve.·Seeingisbelieving.·2)不定式侧重具体某次动作,动名词

作·To

smoke

somuchisnot

good

foryou.·Smoking

is

not

good

for

our

health.·3)在含有no,-less

等否定词的句子

中,

般都用动名词作真实主语

.·It

is

no

use

asking

her

advice.·4)在某些名词或形容词后,用动名词

作真

.·It's

a

waste

of

time

discussing

suchmatters.·a

waste

oftime/an

awfuljob/not

aneasy

work/good/better/interesting/

fun/odd/enjoyable/worthwhile·Itisworthwhiledays.waitingfor

another

2·5)在某些名词或形容词后,用不定

语·Itisveryimportanttoread

aloud

inlearning

a

foreign

language.·It

is

considerate

ofyouto

give

meahand.·important/easy/hard/difficult/nice·clever/foolish/wrong/considerate/sure/mistake/·6)there

be句型的一种特殊情况·Therebenodoingsth.

=Itis1mpossibletodo

sth·Thereisnotelling

whatwouldbe

thepunishmentatthe

moment.honorte/plea/imepolsha/im/epityrud

7)表语和主语应平衡●

语·1)不定式是“未发生”或“将发生”而动名词是

“已完成”·remembertoturnoff

the

light·rememberturningoffthelight··Toliveisto

struggle.

·Livingisstruggling.·2)部分动词只用不定式作其宾语·a

ree

to/

t

/choose

to/dare

to/decide

to/de

itn

rmin

o/d

n

sir

o/exp

tto/pretend

to/proceed

to/promise

to/refuseto/requestto/resolveto/seek

to/strive

to/swear

to/undertake

to/volunteer

to/wish

toecto/oro/deometeeecl/ootclaimafford//oottbegasko/o/ttapplyange/rtoaragim·He

expected

toseehim

at

once.·Ican'tafford

to

buy

a

house

now.·3)部分动词只用动名词作宾语·acknowledge/admit/advise/advocate/allow/anticipate/appreciate/avoid/complete/confess/consider/contemplate·defer/delay/deny/detest/endure/enjoy/escape/evade/excuse/fancy/forbid/favor/finish/imagine/include/involve/justify/mention/mind/miss/necessitate/pardon/permit/postpone/practice/prevent/quit/recall/renounce/require/resent/resume/risk/stand/suggestwarrant/can't

help·I

can't

help

laughing.·I

try

to

avoidmeeting

her.·4)既可接不定式,

又可接

作宾

语的

词·like/dislike/love/hate/prefer/begin/start/forget/continue

/cease/attempt/propose

/want/need/remember/regret

/neglect·deserve

/can't

bear·

有的意

义略

别·I

scorn

tellinglies.(

)·I

scorn

to

tell

a

lie.(

有的意

差明显·

remember·Irememberseeingher

once

somewhere.·You

mustremembertowriteto

meoften.·regret·I

regret

missing

the

film.(已经错过)·I

regrettosay

thatI

cannotcome.(将要说)·Iproposestayingthere

till

nextday.(提议)·I

propose

to

stay

there

for

a

fewdays.(打算)·try·They

tried

solving

theproblem

in

anewway.(已经尝试)·Theytriedtosolvethe

problem

in

a

new

way.(试图准备)·5)主动表被动的动名词常用在下列几个动词后·require/need/want

/deserve·Does

your

carrequiremending?·The

flat

is

dirty.It

needscleaning.·6)有些动词后可用疑问词带不定式

作宾

语·

consider/decide/explain/forget/know/tell/remember/wonder·I

have

to

consider

wheretogo.·Can

you

decide

whichcountytoinvest

to.·7)动名词的复合结构,物主代词限

定动名词,如果不是所属关系,代词

用宾格和属格皆可·Do

you

mind

my

making

asuggestion?·Pardon

me

saying

it.·Sheforgave

him

doing

it.●

.

语●1

.

目的状

语·Manyfarmerslefthometo

seekjob

inbig

cities.·When

he

was

young,he

went

toJapanto

study

medicine.·

2

.

时间和伴随状语

用分词,不定

语·Hearingthe

news,theyalljumpedwith

joy.·

Whenleavingtheairport,she

wavedagainand

again

to

us.·3.原因状语一般由Being...

和Seeing

that..

导·Being

sick,I

stayed

at

home.·Seeingthatit

was

raining,he

tookan

umbrella.·Beingwrittenin

haste,thecompositionisfullofmistakes.●四

.

语·不

未完

成·I

have

alot

ofworktodo

.●

现在分词作定语,代表正进行或主

动·a

sleeping

child·

过去分词作定语,表已完成或被动·

thedoor

unlocked·

动名词作定语,常用来表示功能·a

sleepingchild·a

sleepingcar●

构·anopening

speechdrinkingwaterdrawingpaperreadingmaterialworkingmethodwalking

stickoperating

table1.环

难以

付的问

。A:Environmental

pollution

is

a

hardproblem

to

be

coped

with.2.时间紧

迫,我

。A:Thereisnotimeto

lose.We

muststartat

once.3.这是

之内加以

消灭的

。A:This

is

an

infectious

disease

to

bewipedoutin

a

fewyears.4.听

不到

。A:There

was

no

sound

to

be

heard.5.

我已经

呆了

两天,没有什么

看的了

。A:I'vespent2days

here.There

isnothingto

see.6.这

书,有

三的东西。A:This

is

a

good

book

inwhichthere

ismuchtobelearnt.7.这

。A:This

is

an

item

of

information

not

to

saytoany

other

person.8.这是

难以解

答的问题

。A:This

is

a

difficult

question

to

answer.9.听见窗外有

步声,我便轻手轻脚走出室外,

但什么

。10.他

.A:

He

is

a

man

to

be

reckoned

with.11.她

他的

。A:She

was

firm

in

her

refusal

to

accepthisofferofmarriage.Atthesoundoffootstepsoutsidethewindow,I

stole

out

of

the

room,butthere

was

nothing

to

be

seen.A:12.我

流经验。A:I

have

accepted

the

invitation

to

go

totheir

school

for

an

exchange

ofexperience.13.我需要一只盛放棋子的盒子。A:I

need

a

box

t

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