2023年全球烟草行业干扰指数（英）

GlobalTobacco

Industry

InterferenceIndex2023ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSAuthor:

Mary

AssuntaDesign:

.auEditors:

Ulysses

Dorotheo,Yodhim

DelaRosa,Deborah

Sy,

Erin

SandbergFunding:

Thispublication

isfundedby

Bloomberg

PhilanthropiesandtheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation.Additional

editorial

input:

GlobalCenterfor

GoodGovernance

in

Tobacco

Controland

Vital

StrategiesSuggested

citation:

AssuntaM.

Global

TobaccoIndustryInterference

Index2023.

GlobalCenterfor

GoodGovernance

in

Tobacco

Control(GGTC).Bangkok,Thailand.

Nov

2023.Global

Tobacco

Industry

Interference

Index(Global

Tobacco

Index)

isaglobalsurvey

onhowgovernmentsarerespondingtotobaccoindustryinterferenceandprotectingtheirpublichealthpoliciesfromcommercialandvestedinterestsasrequiredunderthe

WorldHealthOrganizationFrameworkConventionon

Tobacco

Control(WHOFCTC).Thereport

wasinitiatedasaregionalindexby

theSoutheast

AsiaTobacco

Control

Alliance(SEATCA)in2014.TheGlobalTobacco

Index2023isproducedby

theGlobalCenterforGoodGovernancein

Tobacco

Control(GGTC)withdisseminationsupport

fromSTOP.Disclaimer:

ThisIndexisbasedsolely

onpubliclyavailable

information

obtainedby

collaborators

intheirrespective

countries.

Ifyou

have

information

thatcanstrengthenthisreport,

contactusat:

info@ggtc.worldFor

more

information

visit:Contents020608IntroductionKey

findings01.The

tobaccoindustryinterferedinpolicydevelopmentandimplementation14192302.Tobacco-relatedCSRactivitiesenhancedaccesstoseniorgovernmentofficials03.The

tobaccoindustryreceivedincentivesthatbenefiteditsbusiness04.

Inappropriateinteractionsoccurredbetweengovernmentsandtheindustry28323605.Transparencyandaccountabilitywerestilllacking06.

Publicofficialsremainedvulnerabletoconflictsofinterest07.

Governmentscanprotectthemselvesfromindustryinterference424446ConclusionRecommendationsSummarytable586769AppendixCollaboratorsEndnotesIntroduction02

GGTC

|

STOPThetobaccoindustryhasintensifieditsinterferenceinpublichealthpolicy.

Governmentsare

obligatedunderthe

World

HealthOrganization(WHO)FrameworkConventionon

Tobacco

Control(FCTC)toprotecttheirhealthpoliciesusing

Article5.3anditsimplementingguidelines,whichprovideactionsgovernmentscantake

toprotectpublichealthpoliciesfrom

commercialandothervestedinterestsofthetobaccoindustry

(TI)andthosewhofurtheritsinterests.1The

TIanditsallieshave

usedaslewoftacticstooverwhelmandundermineprotectivemeasuresgovernmentshave

alreadyputinplace,

whilepreventinganddiscouragingotherefforts

frombeingadopted.

Manygovernmentswereinfluencedby

the

TImainlybecausetheyfailedtoactcohesivelywhendealingwiththeindustry

anditstactics.thisfourth

Indexreviews90countriesfrom

Africa,

theEasternMediterraneanregion,

the

Americas,

Europe,SouthandSoutheast

Asiaandthe

WesternPacificregion.Itranksthecountriesusingthesamequestionnaireandscoringmethodasthe

ASEANIndexdevelopedby

theSoutheast

Asia

Tobacco

Control

Alliance(SEATCA).4TheIndexisbasedonpubliclyavailableinformationon

TIinterferenceincountriesandtheirrespectivegovernments’

responsestothisinterference.

Forthe80countriesthatupdatedtheirpreviousreports,interferenceandresponsesweremeasuredfortheperiodof

April2021toMarch2023.

Forthe10newcountries,

interferenceandresponsesweremeasuredfromJanuary

2019toMarch2023.Thecountriesareranked(Figure1)accordingtototalscoresprovidedby

civilsocietygroups,

whopreparedtheirrespectivecountry

indices.Thelowerthescore,

thelowertheoveralllevelofinterference,

whichaugurswellforthecountry.TheSummar

y

Table

(p.46)providesdisaggregatedscoresforeachcountry.Tactics

thathave

workedwellfortheindustry

inthepast,suchasmakingcorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)contributionstosocialneedstoaccessseniorofficials,blockingrestrictionsandobtaininglowertaxesfornewtobaccoproductsthatitframedaslessharmfulandsmoke-free,

andpersuadingnon-healthdepartmentstodoitsbidding,

wererepeatedintheabsenceofpreventivemeasures.The

TIrecoveredrapidlypost-COVID-19pandemic,havingelicitedbenefitsfromgovernments,

andhassteppedupitsinterferenceby

signingmorevoluntaryagreementswithgovernmentoffices,

engagingdiplomaticmissionsandconductingenvironmentalprograms,

whichtendtodistractgovernments’

attentionfromtargetingtobacco’stoxicplasticswhennegotiatingtheUNPlasticsPollution

Treaty.ThisIndexshowsaworseningtrendininterference,andnocountry

hasbeenspared.

Forty-three(43)countriesdeterioratedintheirscorescomparedto29countriesthatimprovedinprotectingtheirhealthpolicies,

especiallyinapplyinggreatertransparency,

notcollaboratingwiththeindustry

andadoptingpoliciesthatprovideaprocedureforinteractionwiththeindustry.Scoresofeightcountriesremainedunchanged.ThisIndex,

thefourth

initsseries,

documentsgovernmentefforts

toimplement

WHOFCTC

Article5.3.The

first

Indexin2019reviewed33countries;2thesecond,

57countries;3

thethird,

80countries;

andGlobalTobaccoIndustryInterferenceIndex2023

03Figure

1:

Tobacco

industry

interference

overallcountry

ranking0100The

lower

the

score,

the

better

the

rankingBy

colorBy

size0-910-1920-2930-3940-4950-5960-6970-7980-89

90-10010987654321LEAST

INTERFERENCE14

27

32

32

33BruneiNew

ZealandFranceNetherlandsBotswanaDarussalamMOST

INTERFERENCE10

0

95

88

84

83DominicanRepublicSwitzerlandJapanIndonesiaGeorgiaGlobalTobaccoIndustryInterferenceIndex2023

05Ke

y

findings06

GGTC

|

STOPFour

governments

made

progress

in

protectingtheir

policies

from

tobacco

industry

interference.Botswana

includedrecommendationsfrom

Article

5.3Guidelinesinits

Tobacco

Control

Actin2021.

Bosnia,Burkina

Faso

andCote

d’Ivoire

have

developeddraftdecreestoprotecthealthpoliciesfromindustryinterference,

whichareawaitingapproval.Transparency

and

accountability

remained

aproblem.

Mostofthecountriesdonothave

rulesfordisclosureofmeetingswiththetobaccoindustry,

aregisteroflobbyists,

includingfromthetobaccoindustry,orpoliciestorequirethe

TItodiscloseinformationonmarketingandlobbying.Five

countries

reported

the

tobacco

industrysabotaged

efforts

to

pass

comprehensive

WHOFCTC-compliant

legislation.

OmnibustobaccocontrollegislationhasbeendelayedinBolivia,Guatemala,

Jamaica,

Tanzania

andZambia

over

thepastfewyears.Departments

of

finance,

commerce

and

investmentcontinued

to

be

targeted

by

the

industry

tochampion

its

interests.

Non-healthdepartments,especiallyfinance,

commerceandcustoms,

werepersuadedby

theindustry’sexaggeratedclaimsofitscontributionstotheeconomyandbelievedtheindustry’snarrativethatillicittobaccotradewillworseniftaxesareincreased.Five

countries

that

remained

non-Parties

to

theWHO

FCTC

faced

high

levels

of

interference.Argentina,

theDominican

Republic,

Indonesia,Switzerland

and

the

U.S.A.

had

no

progress

in

becomingParties

andfacedhighlevels

oflobbying

orinterferencethatundermined

tobaccocontrol.These

governments,whichhave

tobaccocontrolmeasuresnot

complaintwiththeFCTC,

allowed

theindustry

tomeddleinpolicydevelopment,

continued

toprovide

incentives

tothetobaccoindustry

orendorsed

industry

activities.More

countries

deteriorated

and

were

subjectedto

industry

interference.

Twenty-nine

countriesshowedimprovementsand43countriesregisteredadeterioration,

whileeighthadunchangedIndexscores.Many

governments

still

accepted

CSR

handoutsfrom

the

tobacco

industry.

GlobalissuessuchasthecontinuedimpactofCOVID-19,

naturaldisastersandthegrowingneedforenvironmentalprotectionresultedingovernmentscontinuedacceptanceofindustry

charityandsubjectedthemselvestocompromisingonpolicies.There

was

little

publicly

available

information

oncountries’

programs

to

consistently

raise

awarenessof

Article

5.3.

FewcountriescoveredinthisIndexfoundpubliclyavailablereports

onprogramstoraise

awarenesswithingovernmentdepartments

ontobaccoindustrytacticsandpoliciesrelatedto

Article

5.3.Governments

collaborated

on

industry-sponsoredenvironmental

campaigns.

Governmentandpublicinstitutionendorsementsofindustry-ledcigarettebuttlittercleanupswererecordedinatleast15countriesincludingBrazil,

Colombia,

Costa

Rica,

Korea,Malaysia,

Sweden,

Switzerland

andUruguay.Embassies

of

five

countries

endorsed

orpromoted

the

tobacco

industry.

Diplomaticmissionsoffivecountries,

China,

Germany,

Italy,

Japan

andtheU.K.,

werepersuadedtopromotethetobaccoindustryinothercountries.GlobalTobaccoIndustryInterferenceIndex2023

0701The

tobaccoindustry

interferedin

policydevelopment

andimplementation08

GGTC

|

STOPArticle5.3Guidelinescallsongovernments

to

protectpublicpoliciesfrom

commercialandothervested

interests

ofthetobaccoindustry,whichmeansgovernments

mustrefuse

theindustrya

seatatthepolicytable.

Even

in

countrieswhere

TIpresence/membershipisnotregistered

in

nationalcommitteesthatdevelop

policywithoutitsoffersof

assistance,

theindustrystillfound

ways

to

intervenein

policydevelopment(seeFigure

2).INDUSTRY

INTERFERENCE

DELAYEDTOBACCO

CONTROL

LAWS“The

tobacco

industry

profits

froma

product

that

kills,

impoverishesOmnibustobaccocontrollegislationhasbeen

delayedinBolivia,

Guatemala,

Jamaica,

Tanzania

andZambiaoverthepastfewyears.

In

Guatemala,

thetobaccoindustry

participated

in

drafting

thelaw,

whichhasbeenpeople

and

countries,

and

destroysthe

environment.

This

industrythrives

by

attracting

new

usersand

keeping

them

addicted,

evenif

it

means

killing

almost

half

ofthem.

Despite

these

cruel

realities,industry

efforts

to

underminetobacco

control

never

cease.stalledin

Congresssince2019.

In

Jamaica

thejoint5selectcommitteereviewingthetobaccocontrolbilltooka“collaborative”

approachby

invitingkeystakeholders,includingCarreras

(owned

by

British

American

Tobacco[BAT])

to

makesubmissionsonthebill.The

industry’ssubmissionwasobstructionistandcontributedto

thebillbeingstalled.6,7In

Zambia,

whilethetablingofthetobaccocontrolbillof

2018

was

delayedagain,

anotherlaw

favorabletotheindustry,Tobacco

Act

No.

10/2022,

waspassed.Theactthatwasprioritized

overthe2018tobaccocontrolbill,

consolidatesthefunctionsofthe

Tobacco

Boardof

Zambiaandpromotesandmonitorsproduction,The

Global

Tobacco

Indexchronicles

the

industry’s

appallingtactics.

Only

comprehensiveimplementation

of

the

WHOFCTC,

particularly

Article

5.3

andits

Guidelines

for

implementation,will

stop

the

problem.”marketingandpackingoftobaccoin

thecountry.8TheParliamentin

Bosnia

and

Herzegovina

approveda

weakertobaccocontrollaw

in

May

2022,

afterittook9Dr.

AdrianaBlancoMarquizo,

HeadoftheSecretariatofthe

WHOFCTCinto

considerationthe

TI’sarguments:

Heatedtobaccoproducts(HTPs)areexemptfrom

theindoorsmokingban,

designatedsmokingareasarepermitted

in

somepublicplacesandtobaccocompaniescanstilladvertiseatpointsofsale.

In

Bolivia,

Law

1280

on

PreventionandControloftheUseof

Tobacco

was

approvedinFebruary

2020,

andalthoughmorethanthreeyearshavepassed,

thelawremainsunimplemented.10

Thelegalvacuum

hasresultedin

aggressivepromotionsoftobaccoande-cigarettesviasocialmediaandincreasedconsumptionoftheseproducts,

risking

thehealthofadolescentsandyoungpeople.11GlobalTobaccoIndustryInterferenceIndex2023

09Figure

2:

Tobacco

industry

interferes

in

policydevelopment020By

colorBy

sizeThe

lower

the

score,the

better

the

ranking0-23-45-67-89-1011-1213-1415-1617-1819-2021THE

INDUSTRY

CHALLENGEDAND

FAILED

TO

COMPLY

WITHSTANDARDIZED

(PLAIN)

PACKAGINGAND

HEALTH

WARNINGS2023,

and

thenfor

another12monthstoDecember2023.Transnational

tobaccocompaniesandlocalcigaretteandcherootproducers

successfully

lobbied

for

theimplementationdeadlinetobepushedback16

for

almost20months.Implementationofstandardizedtobaccopackaging,acost-effectivemeasuretodissuadesmoking,

hasbeenunderminedby

the

TIinGeorgia,

MyanmarandUruguay.Bangladesh

andLao

PDR

allowedthe

TItodelayimplementingthelegallyrequiredpictorialhealthwarnings(PHW)oncigarettepacks.

InBangladesh,

theimplementationofPHWtobeappliedtotheupperhalfoftobaccopackshasbeendelayedsincetheHighCourt

postponedthegovernmentorderofJuly4,

2017,followingafurther

petitionby

theBangladeshCigaretteManufacturers’Association;

aftersixyears,

PHWremainonlyonthelowerhalfoftobaccopacks.17

InLao

PDR,thetobaccoindustry

isnotfullycompliantinapplyingthe75%-sizewarningsonallitscigarettepacks.18In2022withtheapproval

ofDecree282/022,12

thegovernment

ofUruguay

modifiedtheexistingplainpackagingpolicy,

which

doesnot

prohibittobaccocompaniesfromusing

inserts

tomarket

theirproducts,thusundermining

thepurpose

ofplainpackaging.The

PresidentoftheRepublic

acknowledged

thisdecreewasissuedattherequestofthemaintobaccocompany,Montepaz.13TheBusinessOmbudsman’s

Office(BOO)of

Georgia,afterconsultationswithTI

representatives,recommendedthepostponementofplainpackagingregulationstotheParliament.14,15

TheBOOannouncedthattheParliamenthadconsidereditsrecommendationandpostponedimplementationtoDecember31,

2024,

which

issixmonthsbeyond

theoriginal

extensiondateofJuly

31,

2024.ImplementationofPHWonpackswasdelayedinChad

(thirdphase)andNigeria

(fivemonths),19whileinSudan,

anincreaseinwarningsfrom30%to75%hasbeendelayedsinceMarch2021becausethestandardizationorganizationhasnotfinisheditsdrafting.Onthepositiveside,

Oman

issuedMinisterialDecision67/2023forstandardizedpackagingoftobaccoproductspublishedintheOfficialGazetteonMarch5,2023,

tocomeintoforceaftersixmonthsfromthedateofpublication.20InMyanmar,

standardizedtobaccopackaging,approvedinOctober2021for

implementationin

April

2022,

wasinitially

postponedfor

seven-and-a-half

monthstoJanuaryTHE

INDUSTRY21

HELPED

REVOKE

ANDUNDERMINE

BANS

ON

ELECTRONICTOBACCO

AND

NICOTINE

DEVICES,AND

NICOTINE

POUCHESsince2009,

thereby

benefitingthetobaccoindustry.23Itwasrevealed

thattheMinistry

ofPublic

Healthhadpersuaded

theLegislatureby

usinginformation

fromPhilipMorris

International

(PMI),

insteadofsendingtheresponsepreparedby

theministry’s

technicalservices.24

A

2022exposérevealed

how

PMIusedthisUruguayan

decreetopromoteitsHTPsinothercountries

intheregionsuchasBrazil,

Panama

andMexico,

following

itsapproval.25HealthdepartmentsacrosstheglobeexperiencedTIinterferenceintheirefforts

toregulateby

banningorrestrictingelectronicnicotinedeliverysystems(ENDSore-cigarettes)andHTPs.Theinterferenceincludedattemptstorevokeexistingbans,

weakenregulation,opposeanddelaytaxincreasesontheseproductsandlobbypolicymakerstopasslawsfavorabletotheindustry.Kenya

bannednicotinepouchesin2020,26

however

B

ATlobbied

thegovernment

for

theirreintroduction.27TheHealthCabinetSecretary

reportedly

actedinfavor

oftheindustry

toreverse

theban,

with

B

AT

announcing

thatithadagreedwiththeMinistry

ofHealth(MoH)toreintroducethenicotinepouchesintothemarket.28

InMexico,acongressmansupportive

ofPMI29

tried

tooverturn

thebanone-cigarettesandHTPsbut

failed.

However,

a

legalchallengelaunchedby

PMIresultedintheCollegiateAdministrative

Court

inMexicoCityruling

onMay

31,

2023,thatthedecreeby

thePresidentwasunconstitutional.30WhileArgentina,

Brazil,

Mexico,

Nicaragua

andPanama

joinedmanyothercountriesinbanninge-cigarettesandHTPs;22

inUruguay,

Egypt

andKenya,thetobaccoindustry

lobbiedsuccessfullytohave

theirbansrevoked.In2021,

theUruguay

government

issueda

newdecree,whichremoveda

banonHTPsthathadbeeninplaceGlobalTobaccoIndustryInterferenceIndex2023

11ThePhilippines

approvedanindustry-friendlye-cigarettelaw31.32

in2022thatloweredthepurchaseagefrom21to18years,

allowedonlinemarketing,loosenedtheexistingflavor

restrictionsandtransferredregulatoryauthorityfromtheFoodandDrug

AuthoritytotheDepartmentof

Trade

andIndustry.

33PublicHealthissuedareport

recommending

“harmreduction”

intobaccocontrolandthelegalizationofe-cigarettesinThailand.35

The

Thaigovernmentrejectedtherecommendation.InItaly,

althoughtheHealthMinisterproposednewrestrictionsone-cigarettesandHTPs,

severalgovernmentofficialsandtheleaderofthemainpoliticalpar

ty,

whoreceivedfundingfrome-cigarettecompanies,opposedtheproposedrestrictions,

whichconsequentlywerenotapproved.36

IntheNetherlands,

thebanonnon-tobaccoflavorsine-cigaretteswaspostponedforsixmonthsaftertheENDSindustry

raisedconcerns.37InThailand,

anon-healthdepartmentwaslobbiedtorevokethebanone-cigarettes.

InJanuary

2022,theMinisterofDigitalEconomyandSociety,

afterbeinglobbiedby

anNGOlinkedtothePMI-fundedFoundationforaSmoke-Free

World,

setupaworkinggrouptostudylegalizinge-cigarettes.34

InFebruary2023,

aSub-CommitteeintheHouseCommitteeonFINANCE

DEPARTMENTS

WERELOBBIED

ON

TAXATION

OFE-CIGARETTESAlthoughEthiopia

privatizeditsstate-ownedtobaccoenterprise,

thegovernmenthasanagreementwiththeNational

Tobacco

Enterprisethattheyshouldbeconsultedduringmodificationorpreparationoftobaccotaxation,

regulations,

orlegislation.46

InMarch2023,theMinistry

ofFinancetookapositionsimilartotheindustry47thatincreasingtaxratesontobaccoproductswouldleadtohigherillicittradeandproposedtaxratessimilartolevelsleviedin2020.48

TheMinistry

ofFinanceincludede-cigarettesandshisha(waterpipes)asexcisablegoodsandsettheirtaxrateinthedraftexcisetaxbill,49

althoughProclamation1112/2019hadprohibitedtheseproducts.50InUkraine,

alawmakerpubliclystatedthatheinitiatedthereductionoftheexcisedutyforHTPsattherequestofPMI.38

InFebruary

2021,

heregisteredanamendmenttodraftlawNo.

4278,39

whichprovidedforareductionoftaxratesforHTPsticksby

morethan30%fromApril1,

2021.40

Theamendmentwasnotacceptedbythetaxcommittee.In

August2022,

B

AT

inBangladesh

(BATB)

wrotetotheNationalBoardofRevenue(NBR)toopposetheproposedamendmenttothetobaccocontrollaw,

whichincludesabanone-cigarettes,

claimingthattheproposedamendmentwas

“impracticalandunimplementable”

andlobbiedNBRtointerveneonitsbehalfintheongoingamendmentby

theMinistry

ofHealthandFamily

Welfare.

OnDecember22,

2022,

NBRwrotetotheHealthServices

Division,

urgingthemtoconsiderthepointsraisedby

BATB.41.42InGhana,

theMinisterofFinance,

inhis2023BudgetStatement,

announceda

proposaltotaxe-cigaretteswhicharebanned,

effectively

legalizingthem,

a

moveattributed

tothegovernment’sinteraction

withtheTIonpolicydevelopmentmatters.51

InJuly

2023,Ghana

announceda

banone-cigarettes.52

InKuwait,sinceSeptember2022theGeneral

Administration

ofCustomshastwicedelayed

withoutclearreasonstheimplementationof100%customsdutiesone-cigarettes.53Georgia,

Ethiopia,

Ghana,

andKuwait

experiencedindustry

interferenceintaxationofe-cigarettes.

InGeorgia,

theBusiness

AssociationofGeorgia(BAG)isoneofthemainlobbyistsofPMGeorgia,

asubsidiaryofPMI.43

BAG’s

VicePresident(formerDeputyChairmanoftheParliamentofGeorgia)anditsLegalDirectorwereinvolvedindirectlobbyingtopromotePMI’s

HTP,

IQOS,inGeorgia.

OnbehalfofBAG,

theLegalDirectorfiledalegislativeproposalinParliamenttoreducetaxonHTPsande-cigarettesandlegalizethepromotionofthesenewproducts.

Hemadeofficialstatementsagainstthestrengtheningoftobaccocontrollegislation.44,45TheItalian

Ministry

ofEconomicDevelopmenthasbeenlinkedtotobaccoindustry

lobbyingfortaxandregulatoryadvantagesfore-cigarettes:54

TheDeputyMinisterofEconomicDevelopment,

alongwithotherseniorofficials,

attendedtheinaugurationeventofPhilipMorrisInstituteforManufacturingCompetenciesintheDistrictofBologna.55

Anexposéreported

thatministersandundersecretariesattendedBAT’s

launchofanewplantfortheproductionofnicotineproductsin

Trieste.5612

GGTC

|

STOPNATIONAL

STANDARDS

BOARDSWERE

PERSUADED

TO

LEGITIMIZEELECTRONIC

TOBACCO

ANDNICOTINE

DEVICESTheInstituteof

Technical

StandardsofCosta

Rica(INTECO),

aprivateassociationrecognizedby

lawasaNationalStandardizationEntity,

accordingtotheNationalQualitySystemLaw(8279),

developedthequalitystandard

“INTEQ191:2021:Tobaccoproductsforheatingandliquidsforelectroniccigaretteswithnicotine.

Minimumlabelingrequirements.”

Duringthedevelopmentofthestandard,

companiesthatimportENDSandHTPs,

includingPMI,

aswellasconsumerassociationsandtheindustry

chamber,

participated.58Insevencountries,

Cameroon,

Cost

Rica,

Indonesia,Iraq,

Nigeria,

Sudan

andVietnam,

nationalstandardsboardswereinfluencedby

theindustry

todevelopstandardswhichlaidthegroundworktolegalizenewtobaccoandnicotineproducts.

InCameroon,

thestandardsforBAT’s

Velo

and

Vuse

weredevelopedbythe

AgencyforStandardsandQuality(ANOR)whichinvolvedtheactiveparticipationofthe

TI,

andwhichprovidedfinancialsupport

forthework.

ANOR's

TC47committeeontobaccoissuesischairedby

a

TIrepresentativeandthedraftstandardswereproposedby

theindustry.57InIraq,

theCentralOrganizationforStandardizationandQualityControl(COSQC)59

allowedrepresentativesfromtheCigaretteImporters

Associationtoattendmeetingstosetstandardsrelatedtoimported

ormanufacturedtobaccoproducts,

despiteobjectionsfromtheMinistry

ofHealth.60POLICYMAKERS

WERE

PERSUADEDTO

TAKE

REGRESSIVE

STEPS“Governments

should

keep

abreastwith

the

tactics

employed

byInUkraine,

inNovember

2021,

ina

move

tocountertheadoptionofcomprehensive

anti-tobaccodraft

lawNo.

4358,

a

memberofparliament

fromtheCommitteeonHumanitarian

andInformation

Policy

proposedto“align”

draft

law

No.

4212(onadvertising)

withdraft

lawNo.

4358,61

whichwould

have

allowed

tobaccoproductadvertising.62

Thepassingofthecomprehensive

law

meantdraft

law

No.

4212wasnot

adoptedinparliament.tobacco

and

related

industries

toderail

tobacco

control.

Evidence-based

tobacco

control

policies

savelives,

so

countries

must

remainvigilant

to

promptly

and

decisivelyrespond

to

tobacco

industry

effortsaimed

at

harming

tobacco

controlefforts.

The

Civil

Society

is

a

keyresource

partner

that

can

supportcountries’

efforts

in

counteringindustry

tactics.”InMarch2023,

Malaysian

policymakersde-listednicotineasapoisonfromtheNationalPoison

Act,leavingtheindustry

unregulatedandfreetopromoteandselle-cigarettes,

eventominors.63

Japan

TobaccoInternational(JTI)hadearliercalledforamendmentstotheNationalPoison

Actclaimingithad

“gonethroughtheprocessofapplying[sic]licensetosellvapingproducts,

butitwasunsuccessful.”64VinayakMohanPrasad,

UnitHead,

No

TobaccoUnit,

(TFI)

WorldHealthOrganizationDuringthedebateontheSwiss

billtobantobaccoadvertising,

theSwissFederalCouncil(government)andtheSwissFederal

Assembly(parliament)favoredTIinterestsover

internationalstandards.Theytookthepositionthattheyouthadvertisingbangoestoofarandthatpartial

restrictionsaresufficienttoprotectyouthfromtobaccoadvertising.65

SwitzerlandlaterpassedlegislationinMay2023tobanadvertisingoftobaccoande-cigarettesdirectedatyoungpeople,

whichwillcomeintoforceonlyin2026.66GlobalTobaccoIndustryInterferenceIndex2023

1302Tobacco-relatedCSR

activitiesenhanced

access

tosenior

governmentofficials14

GGTC

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STOPWHOFCTC

Article13Guidelinescallsforabanoncorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR)activitiesbecausethey