海洋能 波浪能、潮流能及其他水流能转换装置-第3部分：机械载荷测量

ICS27.140

CCSF14

中华人民共和国国家标准

GB/TXXXX-2021

海洋能转换装置机械载荷测量

MechanicalLoadsMeasurementofMarineEnergyConverters

（IECTS62600-3：2020,Marineenergy-Wave,tidalandotherwatercurrent

converters-Part3:Measurementofmechanicalloads,MOD）

202*—**—**发布202*—**—**实施

国家市场监督管理总局

发布

中国国家标准化管理委员会

GB/T****—2021

目次

前言..............................................................................................................................................1

引言..............................................................................................................................................2

1范围..............................................................................................................................................5

2规范性引用文件...........................................................................................................................5

3术语和定义...................................................................................................................................5

3.1俘获矩阵capturematrix....................................................................................................6

4符号和缩略语...............................................................................................................................6

4.1符号....................................................................................................................................6

4.2希腊符号............................................................................................................................7

4.3下标....................................................................................................................................7

4.4缩略语................................................................................................................................8

5概述..............................................................................................................................................8

5.1文档结构............................................................................................................................8

5.2测试过程的安全性............................................................................................................9

5.3技术鉴定............................................................................................................................9

5.4载荷测量............................................................................................................................9

6测试要求.......................................................................................................................................9

6.1概述....................................................................................................................................9

6.2WEC和CEC测试场地要求.............................................................................................9

6.3子系统或结构部件室内载荷测试....................................................................................9

6.4所有WEC和CEC的载荷测量工况..............................................................................10

6.4.1概述.......................................................................................................................10

6.4.2稳态运行中的MLC.............................................................................................10

6.4.3瞬态事件中的MLC.............................................................................................11

6.4.4动力学特性...........................................................................................................12

6.4.5异常工况...............................................................................................................12

6.4.6俘获矩阵...............................................................................................................12

6.5具有叶轮的MEC载荷测量工况...................................................................................13

6.5.1概述.......................................................................................................................13

6.5.2动力学特性...........................................................................................................13

6.5.3俘获矩阵...............................................................................................................14

6.6WEC和CEC的被测参数...............................................................................................14

6.6.1概述.......................................................................................................................14

6.6.2载荷参数...............................................................................................................14

6.6.3气象水文参数.......................................................................................................15

6.6.4MEC运行参数.....................................................................................................15

6.7具有叶轮的MEC参数测量...........................................................................................16

6.7.1概述.......................................................................................................................16

6.7.2载荷参数...............................................................................................................16

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6.7.3气象水文参数.......................................................................................................16

6.7.4MEC运行参数.....................................................................................................16

6.8MEC配置更改................................................................................................................17

7测试设备.....................................................................................................................................17

7.1适用于WEC和CEC的载荷测量..................................................................................17

7.1.1概述.......................................................................................................................17

7.1.2传感器类型...........................................................................................................17

7.1.3传感器安装位置的选择.......................................................................................18

7.1.4能量俘获装置和PTO之间的连接......................................................................18

7.1.5PTO与下部结构和/或基础之间的连接..............................................................18

7.1.6PTO与浮体的连接..............................................................................................18

7.1.7定位载荷的测量...................................................................................................19

7.1.8能量俘获装置的绝对位置和相对位置...............................................................19

7.1.9PTO的绝对位置和相对位置...............................................................................19

7.1.10基础或浮体的绝对位置和相对位置.................................................................19

7.1.11水压测量.............................................................................................................19

7.2适用于所有WEC和CEC的运行参数测量..................................................................20

7.2.1概述.......................................................................................................................20

7.2.2电功率...................................................................................................................20

7.2.3液压功率...............................................................................................................20

7.2.4发电机转速...........................................................................................................20

7.2.5制动力矩或制动力...............................................................................................20

7.2.6MEC状态.............................................................................................................20

7.2.7制动状态...............................................................................................................20

7.2.8吃水或干舷测量...................................................................................................20

7.3具有叶轮的MEC的载荷测量.......................................................................................20

7.3.1概述.......................................................................................................................20

7.3.2叶片根部弯矩测量...............................................................................................21

7.3.3叶片弯矩分布.......................................................................................................21

7.3.4叶片扭转频率/阻尼..............................................................................................21

7.3.5叶轮偏航和俯仰力矩的测量...............................................................................21

7.3.6叶轮扭矩测量.......................................................................................................21

7.3.7支柱弯距...............................................................................................................21

7.3.8Darrieus型叶轮弯矩............................................................................................22

7.3.9PTO及其叶片的绝对位置和相对位置测量.......................................................22

7.4适用于叶轮与转轴相连结构的MEC的运行参数测量................................................22

7.4.1概述.......................................................................................................................22

7.4.2叶轮转速或发电机转速.......................................................................................22

7.4.3对流偏差...............................................................................................................22

7.4.4叶轮方位角...........................................................................................................22

7.4.5桨距角位置...........................................................................................................22

7.4.6变桨速率...............................................................................................................22

7.4.7制动力矩...............................................................................................................22

7.5海洋和气象参数..............................................................................................................23

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7.5.1概述.......................................................................................................................23

7.5.2测量与安装要求...................................................................................................23

7.5.3海冰或河冰载荷和积冰强度...............................................................................23

7.6数据采集系统（DAS）..................................................................................................23

7.6.1概述.......................................................................................................................23

7.6.2分辨率和采样频率...............................................................................................23

7.6.3抗混叠...................................................................................................................23

8标定系数确定.............................................................................................................................23

8.1总则..................................................................................................................................23

8.2概述..................................................................................................................................24

8.3WEC和CEC载荷通道标定...........................................................................................24

8.4WEC和CEC非载荷通道标定.......................................................................................24

8.5具有叶轮的MEC载荷通道标定...................................................................................25

8.5.1概述.......................................................................................................................25

8.5.2叶片弯矩标定.......................................................................................................25

8.5.3主轴扭矩标定.......................................................................................................26

8.5.4支柱弯矩标定.......................................................................................................26

8.6具有叶轮的MEC非载荷通道的标定...........................................................................26

8.6.1桨距角...................................................................................................................26

8.6.2叶轮方位角...........................................................................................................27

8.6.3偏航角...................................................................................................................27

8.6.4海洋和气象...........................................................................................................27

8.6.5制动力矩或力.......................................................................................................27

9数据校验.....................................................................................................................................27

9.1总则..................................................................................................................................27

9.2概述..................................................................................................................................27

9.3对WEC和CEC的校验检查..........................................................................................28

9.4对具有叶轮的MEC的校验检查...................................................................................28

9.4.1总则.......................................................................................................................28

9.4.2叶片弯矩...............................................................................................................28

9.4.3叶轮主轴...............................................................................................................29

9.4.4支柱.......................................................................................................................29

10测量数据处理...........................................................................................................................29

10.1总则................................................................................................................................30

10.2概述................................................................................................................................30

10.3载荷量............................................................................................................................30

10.4流速和/或海况趋势检测...............................................................................................30

10.5数据统计........................................................................................................................30

10.6雨流计数........................................................................................................................30

10.7累计雨流谱....................................................................................................................31

10.8DEL................................................................................................................................31

10.9流速或波能流分区........................................................................................................31

10.10PSD..............................................................................................................................32

11不确定度评估...........................................................................................................................32

III

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12报告...........................................................................................................................................32

附录A(规范性)叶轮叶片的全尺寸结构实验室测试.................................................................36

A.1概述.................................................................................................................................36

A.2坐标系.............................................................................................................................36

A.3一般原则.........................................................................................................................38

A.3.1测试目的..............................................................................................................38

A.3.2极限状态..............................................................................................................38

A.3.3实际限制..............................................................................................................38

A.3.4测试结果..............................................................................................................39

A.4测试叶片的文件和程序.................................................................................................39

A.5叶片测试程序.................................................................................................................40

A.5.1待测试区域..........................................................................................................40

A.5.2测试程序..............................................................................................................40

A.6测试计划.........................................................................................................................41

A.6.1概述......................................................................................................................41

A.6.2叶片说明..............................................................................................................41

A.6.3载荷和条件..........................................................................................................41

A.6.4测试设备..............................................................................................................41

A.6.5预期测试结果......................................................................................................42

A.7测试的载荷系数.............................................................................................................42

A.7.1概述......................................................................................................................42

A.7.2设计中使用的分项安全系数..............................................................................42

A.7.3材料系数..............................................................................................................42

A.7.4载荷分项系数......................................................................................................42

A.7.5使用载荷系数获得目标载荷..............................................................................43

A.8测试载荷和测试载荷评估.............................................................................................44

A.8.1概述......................................................................................................................44

A.8.2载荷引入的影响..................................................................................................44

A.8.3静态载荷测试......................................................................................................45

A.8.4疲劳载荷测试......................................................................................................45

A.9测试要求.........................................................................................................................46

A.9.1测试记录..............................................................................................................46

A.9.2仪器标定..............................................................................................................46

A.9.3测量不确定度......................................................................................................46

A.9.4根部固定装置和测试台要求..............................................................................46

A.9.5环境条件监测......................................................................................................47

A.9.6确定性修正..........................................................................................................47

A.9.7静态测试..............................................................................................................47

A.9.8疲劳测试..............................................................................................................48

A.9.9其他叶片性能测试..............................................................................................48

A.10测试结果评估...............................................................................................................49

A.10.1概述....................................................................................................................49

A.10.2灾难性失效........................................................................................................49

A.10.3永久变形、刚度损失或其他叶片特性变化....................................................49

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A.10.4表面损伤............................................................................................................49

A.10.5失效评估............................................................................................................50

A.11重新测试.......................................................................................................................50

A.12报告...............................................................................................................................51

A.12.1概述....................................................................................................................51

A.12.2测试报告内容....................................................................................................51

A.12.3与设计要求相关的测试评估............................................................................51

附录B(资料性)直驱式MEC示例坐标系..................................................................................52

B.1概述.................................................................................................................................52

B.2叶片坐标系.....................................................................................................................52

B.3轮毂坐标系.....................................................................................................................52

B.4机舱坐标系.....................................................................................................................53

B.5支柱坐标系.....................................................................................................................53

B.6偏航角.............................................................................................................................54

B.7锥角和俯仰角.................................................................................................................54

B.8叶轮方位角.....................................................................................................................55

B.9叶片桨距角.....................................................................................................................55

附录C(资料性)关于冰载荷和积冰在MEC上的设计和测试建议..........................................56

附录D(资料性)海上载荷测量..............................................................