人教版高考英语一轮复习必修第1册UNIT4 NATURAL DISASTERS组合练课件

UNIT4

NATURALDISASTERSⅠⅡⅢⅣⅠ.阅读理解AShawnTriplettknewtherewasadesperateneedtohelpthechildrenofMayfield,Kentucky,afteradeadlystormstruckthetown.MayfieldwasoneofthetownshardesthitafteralineofstormscrossedthecentralUSonFridaynightandSaturdaymorning.Triplett—aMayfieldresidentandaformersoldier—wasinChicagothatFridaynight.Alarmedbytheweatherreports,hiswifeandtwoyoungchildrenwenttostayinahotelofthenearbytown,Paducah,withoutsufferingthestormsandultimatelyoutofthepathofthetornadoes(龙卷风).ⅠⅡⅢⅣAbletoreturnhomethenextmorning,Triplettwasshockedbyhowthetownwasdestroyedandwantedtohelphoweverhecould.Hearrivedatthevolunteercenter,wherehewasaskedtoguideaphoto-journalistthroughstreetsfilledwithremains.That

night,thetworeturnedtoshelterswheretheysawmanysufferedfamiliesincludingonewomancomfortinghersonovertheirlostChristmas.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ“Itwasveryheartbreaking,toomuchformetohandle,”hesaid.Therefore,hedecidedthatmoreneededtobedoneforthechildrenaffectedbythestorm.Noticingthatsuppliesavailablewereessentialssuchasgenerators(发电机)andbottledwater,heturnedtohisfriendsonsocialmediafordonationssothathecouldgotoWalmartandpurchasetoysandgiftsforthekids.Around$2,000wereraised,andthestoregaveTriplettadiscountuponlearningofhisefforts.Aswordspreadonwebsites,moredonationspouredin.Hewasabletoreturnthefollowingdayandanother$6,000wasspentontoysandboardgames,he

said.FortypairsofshoeswerealsopickedupatalocalShoeSensation.Triplettandothervolunteerswillwrapanddistributethetoysforanychildorfamilyinneed.Hecreditsthekindnessofeveryonewhotriedtohelpandgetfamiliesbackontheirfeetrightbeforetheholidays.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Triplett在暴风雪后组织朋友对当地受灾儿童进行捐赠的故事。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ1.WhywereTriplettandhisfamiliessafefromthedisaster?A.Theywererescuedbysoldiers.B.Theydidn’tcomebacktoMayfield.C.Theywerehelpedbyanaidagency.D.TheyhappenedtobetravellinginChicago.√细节理解题。根据第二段的“Triplett...without

suffering

the

storms

and

ultimately

out

of

the

path

of

the

tornadoes.”可知,作为当地居民的他们却安全的原因是灾难发生之际他们都没有回到受灾区。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.WhatdidTriplettseeintheshelters?A.Avolunteercleaningthestreet.B.Aboycryingforhislostfamily.C.Aphoto-journalisttakingpictures.D.Amothercalmingherchilddown.√细节理解题。根据第三段的“That

night,the

two

returned

to

shelters

where

they

saw

many

suffered

families

including

one

woman

comforting

her

son

over

their

lost

Christmas.”可知,当晚Triplett

回到避难所后看到了许多灾民,其中一位母亲正在抚慰因无法庆祝圣诞而伤心的儿子,让他镇静下来。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.WhatdoTriplett’sdonationsmainlycontain?A.First-aidkits.B.Emergencyfood.C.Essentialsupplies.D.Entertainmentitems.√细节理解题。根据第四段的“Noticing

that

supplies

available

were

essentials

such

as

generators

and

bottled

water,...purchase

toys

and

gifts

for

the

kids.”以及“He

was

able

to

return

the

following

day

and

another

$6,000

was

spent

on

toys

and

board

games,he

said.”可知,Triplett给灾区儿童们的捐赠物主要是玩具、棋盘游戏等娱乐用品。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeTriplett?A.Generousandhard-working.B.Braveandenergetic.C.Sympatheticandwarm-hearted.D.Foresightedanddetermined.√推理判断题。根据第三段的“Able

to

return

home

the

next

morning...to

help

however

he

could.”;“That

night...their

lost

Christmas.”以及最后一段的“He

credits...the

holidays.”可知,Triplett看到了避难所的景象并为之动容,从而决定组织捐赠。可以推断出,Triplett是一个富有同情心的且热心肠的人。ⅠⅡⅢⅣBScientistshavelearnedmoreabouttheinnerworkingsoftheEarthbystudyingthewaywavesfromearthquakestravelthroughtheplanet’scenter.

TheresultssuggestthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinmoreslowlythantheEarth.TheEarth’scorehastwoparts:theoutercoreandtheinnercore.Bothofthesearemademainlyofthemetals—ironandnickel.Theoutercoreisliquid.

Buttheinnercoreisasolidballheldinthisliquidalmostliketheyolk(蛋黄)inanegg.ScientistssuspectedforalongtimethattheinnercoremightbespinningslightlydifferentlyfromthewaytheEarthspins.ⅠⅡⅢⅣInthe1990s,twoscientists,PaulRichardsandSongXiaodong,studiedtheinnercorebylookingatthewavesfromearthquakesthattravelthroughthecenteroftheEarth.Theyfocusedongroupsandpairsofwavesfromearthquakesthatnaturallyrepeat.IftheinnercorewasspinningexactlywiththeEarth,eachwaveofthepairshouldhavetakenthesametimetopassthroughtheEarth.Instead,somemovedfasterthanothers.Thiswasbecausetheywerehittingdifferentpartsoftheinnercoreasitspun.TheirstudiesrevealedthattheinnercorewasspinninginthesamedirectionastheEarth,butslightlyfaster.ⅠⅡⅢⅣNowDr.SongandYiYang—anotherscientistwhostudiestheEarth—saythey’veusedthesamemethodtolearnthattheEarth’sinnercoremaybestartingtospinslowerthantheEarth.TheresearchersstudiedearthquakewavepairsfromAlaska,goingallthewaybackto1964.Theynoticedthattheinnercore’sspinalsoseemedtochangespeedintheearly1970s.Thescientistssaythattheinnercoremayhaveapatternofspeedingupandslowingdownevery70yearsorso.Noteveryoneagrees.ManyscientistswhostudytheEarthsaymoreinformationneededtofigureoutwhatisreallygoingon.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现,地球内核的自转速度可能比地球慢,但这一发现并非所有人都认可,仍需要进一步弄清到底发生了什么。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.Whyisaneggmentionedinthesecondparagraph?A.ToexplainhowtheEarth’scoremoves.B.Toshowtheimportanceoftheinnercore.C.Toillustratethecompositionoftheoutercore.D.TohelppicturethestructureoftheEarth’score.√推理判断题。根据第二段可知,本段主要介绍的是地球内核的构造,与鸡蛋的构造有相似之处,所以,此处提到鸡蛋是以此来说明地球内核构造。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ6.Whatdidthescientistsdiscoverabouttheinnercoreinthe1990s?A.Itsentoutearthquakewaves.B.Itchangedspeedrepeatedly.C.ItmovedexactlywiththeEarth.D.ItmovedalittlefasterthantheEarth.√细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“In

the

1990s,two

scientists,Paul

Richards

and

Song

Xiaodong,studied

the

inner

core

by

looking

at

the

waves

from

earthquakes

that

travel

through

the

center

of

the

Earth.”和“Their

studies

revealed

that

the

inner

core

was

spinning

in

the

same

direction

as

the

Earth,but

slightly

faster.”可知,20世纪90年代对地球内核的研究发现,地球内核的旋转方向与地球相同,但速度略快。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ7.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthestudyresult?A.Itisaccurateandreliable.B.Itexcitesthescientists.C.Itneedsfurtherconfirmation.D.Ithascausedaheateddiscussion.√推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,研究结果并非所有人都认可,仍需要进一步弄清到底发生了什么,由此可知,这项研究需要进一步证实。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.Whatisthetext?A.Asciencereport.B.Asci-fistory.C.Adiaryentry.D.Abrochure.√推理判断题。根据首段可知,本文讲述的是科学研究发现,地球内核可能比地球旋转得更慢,下文对此研究进行分析,由此可知,本文是一篇科学研究报告。ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅡ.七选五How

to

take

a

family

road

tripRoadtripsareagreatoptionforvacationbecausetheyallowyoutoseemultipleplacesinonetripandcanbecustomizedtowhatyourfamilywantstodoandsee.

1

Herearesomestepstotakebeforeyouhittheroad.

First,youandyourfamilywillwanttofigureoutwhenyoucantakearoadtripandforhowlong.Youcanhaveeveryonesitdownwithacalendaranddecidewhenyoucantaketimeofftogether.Youmayfindyouhaveaweekattheendofthesummeroralongweekendinthefallwhenyou’refreetotravel.

2

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ

3

Discusspotentialdestinationsandanyspecialfactorstoconsider,liketheweather.Youcouldchooseaplaceyou’vealwayswantedtovisit.Justbesuretochoosealocationthatgivesyoutimetogetthereandbackandenjoyyourvisit.

Thenyoucanmapoutyourroadtrip.PluginyourcurrentcityandfinaldestinationintoawebsiteorapplikeGoogleMapsandstartconsideringgoodplacestostoptosleepatnightandwhatsightsyoumightwanttovisitalongtheway.

4

Ifyouputinyourroute,itwillpopulatealistofinterestingthingstoseeonyourdrive.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣLast,haveyourcarstockedwithnecessitieslikewater,snacks,andfirstaidsuppliesincaseofanemergency.

5

Forexample,youcantakeactivitybooksortravelversionsofboardgames.Youcanalsodownloadanaudiobookormusictolistentotogether.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣA.Nextyou’llneedtodecidewheretogo.B.Toomanyclothesorvaluablesmakenosense.C.Asuccessfulroadtripalsotakessomeplanning.D.Youcanreallygainalotfromanamazingroadtrip.E.Anotheroptionistouseawebsitelike.F.You’llalsowanttothinkaboutwhattohavewithyoutostayentertained.G.Onceyou’vedeterminedwhatcanwork,haveeveryoneaddthetripdatestotheirschedule.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是如何进行家庭自驾游。1.C

根据空前的“Road

trips

are

a

great

option...family

wants

to

do

and

see.”可知,自驾游有很多的便利之处,根据空后的“Here

are

some

steps

to

take

before

you

hit

the

road.”可知,下文给出自驾游的方法,由此可知,自驾游虽有很多便利之处,但也需要有些计划,C项讲述的内容起到承上启下的作用。故选C项。2.G

根据本段的主题句“First,you

and

your

family

will

want

to

figure

out

when

you

can

take

a

road

trip

and

for

how

long.”可知,该段讲述的是自驾游的时间安排,G项讲述的与履行日期的安排有关,与本文的主题一致。故选G项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.A

根据第二段的主题句中的“First”,以及第四段的主题句“Then

you

can

map

out

your

road

trip.”可知,该主题句应是按照顺序讲述,A项中的“Next”与“First”和“Then”衔接,且与空后的“Discuss

potential

destinations

and

any

special

factors

to

consider,like

the

weather.”相吻合。故选A项。4.E

根据空前的“Plug

in

your

current

city

and

final...visit

along

the

way.”可知,此处讲述的是规划路线的建议,可以使用谷歌地图等网站或应用程序来规划,E项中的“Another

option”承接了空前的内容,讲述的是使用类似于这样的网站来规划路线。故选E项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.F

根据空后的“For

example,you

can

take

activity

books

or

travel

versions

of

board

games.”可知,自驾游可以带上一些棋盘游戏,For

example是为了对此空进行举例说明,由此可知,此空处讲述的应和自驾游携带的物品与娱乐相关,F项讲述的内容与空后列举的实例一致。故选F项。ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅢ.语法填空HerbalmedicineisanimportantpartofChinesecultureandthepracticeoftraditionalChinesemedicine.TheemperorShen

Nongissaidtohavetasted100herbs,1.

allowedhimtoteachtheChinesepeoplehowtousethemintheirdietand2.

(treat)forillness.Theseherbshelpthebodytostayinbalanceandgojiberriesareoneof3.

(they).whichtreatment/treatmentsthemⅠⅡⅢⅣSince200BCE,gojiberries4.

(use)intraditionalChinesemedicine.In

China,gojiberriesareknown5.

“wolfberryfruits”,andtheywereoncementionedinthe6.

(old)bookofChineseherbsinexistence,Shen

Nong

Ben

Cao

Jing.Theyarealsoknowntoact7.

(positive)ontheorgansbecauseofthedetoxifying(解毒)properties,thus

8.

(contribute)toourqiandenergy.

Gojiberriesare9.

excellentsourceofantioxidants(抗氧化剂),aminoacidsand20othertraceminerals.Thelistofgojiberrybenefitsislong,includingitsabilitytopromotehealthyskin,protecteyehealth,adjustbloodsugarlevelsandfightcancer.

have

been

usedasoldestpositivelycontributinganⅠⅡⅢⅣInChina,gojiberriesarecommonlycookedandaddedtorecipeslikeporridge,soupsanddishes10.

(make)withchicken,porkorvegetables.Theyarealsousedtomakevariouskindsoftea,juicesandwines.madeⅠⅡⅢⅣ【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统草药中的枸杞。1.which

考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面整句话的内容,关系词在定语从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。2.treatment/treatments

考查词性转换。句意:据说神农皇帝尝过100种草药,这使他能够教中国人如何在饮食和治疗疾病中使用它们。and连接两个并列的名词,可以用单数名词或复数名词。故填treatment或treatments。3.them

考查代词。句意:这些草药有助于身体保持平衡,枸杞就是其中之一。介词后用宾语,故填them。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.have

been

used

考查动词的语态。根据Since

200

BCE可知,此处需用现在完成时,主语goji

berries和use是被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态,主语是复数,助动词使用have。故填have

been

used。5.as

考查介词。句意:在中国,枸杞被称为“枸杞子”,在现存的中草药(旧)书《神农本草经》中曾提到过枸杞子。be

known

as“以……为人所知”。故填as。6.oldest

考查形容词最高级。定冠词加形容词的最高级。故填oldest。7.positively

考查词性转换。句意:由于排毒的特性,它们也被认为对器官有积极的作用,从而对我们的气和能量有贡献。此处修饰动词短语act

on,应用副词作状语,故填positively。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.contributing

考查非谓语动词。此处现在分词作结果状语,表示主动。故填contributing。9.an

考查冠词。句意:枸杞是抗氧化剂、氨基酸和其他20种微量矿物质的极好来源。枸杞是一种(an)很好的抗氧化成分来源,名词前用冠词,excellent是以元音音素开头的单词,前面用an。故填an。10.made

考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是are

cooked

and

added,此处made

with

chicken用作定语,修饰前面的recipes

like

p