外研版初一(上)英语第8讲：unit-4-语法篇(学生版)

Unit4语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.熟练掌握have/hasgot的用法2.熟练掌握some,any的用法3.熟练掌握名词及名词的复数形式一、have/hasgot的用法1.havegot意为“有；拥有”，如果想表达某人拥有某物，可用句型“主语+have/hasgot+其他”，其中have有人称和数的变化，当句子主语为第三人称单数或单数名词时，用hasgot。当句子主语是其他人称时，用havegot。2.havegot的否定形式为：haven’tgot或hasn't

got。Wehaven’tgotanyjuice.

我们没有果汁。3.havegot的一般疑问句形式，将have/has提到主语前即可。---Haveyougotanycarrot?

你有胡萝卜吗？---Yes,Ihave./No,Ihaven’t.

是的，我有。/不，我没有。4.have/hasgot与therebe句型的区别（1）therebe句型表示“存在，某地/某时有某人/某物”。

Thereisabookonthedesk.

桌子上有本书。（2）havegot表示“某人拥有某物”，此时是一种所有关系。Shehasgotadog.

她有一只狗。二、some，any的用法some和any可用作形容词，意为“

一些”，在句中修饰名词。1.some和any既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词，但some常用在肯定句中，而any则常用在否定和疑问句中。Ihavesomemeatforlunch,butIdon'thaveanyvegetables.我午饭吃了些肉，但是没有吃蔬菜。2.在表示请求、建议或者是希望得到对方肯定回到的疑问句中，须用some而不用any。CanIaskyousomequestions，Lucy？露西，我可以问你一些问题吗？（期望得到肯定回答）3.any用于肯定句中，修饰可数名词单数，意为“任何一个”。Anymanknowsthat.任何人都知道那件事。三、可数名词与不可数名词

名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词两类，凡是可以计数的名词称为可数名词，凡是不可以计数的名称称为不可数名词。1.可数名词分为单数和复数两种形式，可数名词单数前可用不定冠词a/an来修饰。复数名词前可用some,any,many及数词（one除外）等来修饰。apencil一支铅笔manyboats许多船twopencils两支铅笔2.不可数名词没有单复数变化，可用some，any，much等来修饰。somejuice一些果汁muchmilk许多牛奶不可数名词前不能用不定冠词、数词及many来修饰，表示数量时用“计量单位词+of短语”表示，其数量也应通过of前面的名词体现出来。aglassofwater一杯水twoglassesofwater两杯水3.名词复数的变化规则：（1）一般在词尾加-s。book→books

bag→bags（2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词，一般在词尾加-es。class→classes

（3）以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，在词尾加-s。boy→boys（4）以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加-es。strawberry→strawberries

family→families（5）以f或fe结尾的名词，将f或fe变为v，再加-es。knife→knives

wife→wives（6）一些以字母o结尾的名词变复数时有的加-es，有的加-s。Negro→Negroes

hero→heroes

tomato→tomatoes

potato→potatoes

zoo→zoos4.还有一些不规则变化变内部原因字母：man→men男人woman→women女人foot→feet脚tooth→teeth牙齿单复数同形：sheep绵羊deer鹿Chinese中国人Japanese日本人完全不规则：child→children孩子mouse→mice老鼠单项选择1.---Haveyougotanyjuice?--- .ButI'vegotsometea.A.Yes,Ido B.No,Idon't C.Yes,Ihave D.No,Ihaven't2.（2014天津中考）---Isthere beefinthefridge?---No,thereisn't.Thereis pork.A.some,any B.any,any C.some,some D.any,some3.（2013贵州安顺中考）---Wouldyoulike coffee?---No,thanks.Idon'twant drinks(饮料)now.A.any,any B.any,some C.some,some D.some,any4.（2014四川凉山中考）---Whereareyougoing,Sam?---Thereisn'tany inthefridge.I'llgoandbuysome.A.vegetables B.beef C.eggs D.money5.（2014贵州贵阳中考）---“Lily,let'smakevegetablesalad.Howmany doweneed?”---“Oneisenough.”A.oranges B.potato C.tomatoes6.Sheisoneofmybest .A.friend B.friends C.afriend D.friendes7.Youshouldn'tbuyany ,therearemanyinthefridge.A.juice B.meat C.milk D.eggs基础演练一、单项选择1.Thereissome

inthefridge.A.juiceB.carrotC.appleD.potato2.We'vegotlotsof

.A.appleB.beefC.vegetableD.milks3.Toomuch

isbad

you.A.apples;forB.oranges;withC.meat;forD.meat;with4.Hisfavouritefood

beefandrice.A.isB.areC.isn'tD.be5.Jackhasgot

cakes,buthehasn'tgot

.A.some;somebreadB.some;anybreadC.some;anybreadsD.any;somebread二、选词填空(句子选词填空)aanthesomeany1.Thereis

meatandvegetables.2.Havewegot

coffee?3.Herfriendis

Americangirl.4.What'sin

basket?5.Thereis

tomatoandthreebananasonthattable.6.Therearen't

booksinthebag.巩固提高三、适当形式填空(单句适当形式)1.Beansandeggsare

(health)food.2.Howmany

(tomato)arethereinthebox?3.Mydaughterlikes

(potato)verymuch.4.Wehaven'tgotany

(chicken)inthefridge.5.There

(be)somewaterinthecup.四、按要求转换句型1.Wehavegotsomeapples.(改为否定句)We

apples.2.Maryhasgotsomemilk.(改为一般疑问句)

Mary

milk?3.Hehasgotatomato.(变为复数句)

gotsome

.4.Therearesomepotatoesinherhand.(改为同义句)She

somepotatoesinherhand.一、单项选择1.---What’syourfavouritevegetable?---_______.A.Hamburgers B.Tomato C.Bananas D.Eggs2.Ihave_________everyday.A.chickens B.chickenes C.icecreams D.bananas3.---Doyoulike________?---Yes,Ido.A.tomatoandnoodle B.tomatoandnoodlesC.tomatosandnoodle D.tomatoesandnoodles4.Whichisdifferent(不同的)fromtheothers?A.Oranges. B.Apples. C.Bananas. D.Carrots.5.Wouldyoulike_______apples?A.any B.some C.an D.much6.Pleasegiveme________andtwo.A.abottleofapplejuices;breadsB.abottleofapplejuice;fruitcakes]C.anapplejuice;breadD.someapplejuices;fruitcake7.---Wouldyoulikesomething?---Yes,please.A.toeat B.eating C.eat D.toate8.Whatwouldyoulikesupper?A.of B.for C.to D.in9.---Wouldyoulikerice?---No,thanks.A.any B.a C.some D.an10.Thereisorangeonthetable.orangeisgreen.A.an;An B.the;The C.an;The D.the;an二、完形填空Mrs.Jones:Whichmealdoweneedmost(最需要),breakfast,lunchor1

?Tony:Dinner.Mrs.Jones:Dinneristhebiggestmealoftheday.ButIdon't2

weneeditmost.Tony:Islunchthemealweneedmost?Mrs.Jones:No,3

isthemealweneedmost.Butwhy?Kate:Itisalongtimefromnighttomorning.Wehaveno4

.Mrs.Jones:Right!Ifwedon'thavebreakfast,wedon'tfeel5

.Butwhatmakesagoodbreakfast?James:Ithinkwecan6

milk,bread,noodlesorporridge(粥).7

aregoodforus.Mrs.Jones:That'sright.Wecaneatsomevegetablesandfruit8

themorning,too.Theymakeushealthy.David:I9

colaalot.CanIhavethatinthemorning?Mrs.Jones:You'dbetternot(你最好不要).Waterisgoodforyou.Danny:Mumsayswecannoteattoomanythingsafter10

.Mrs.Jones:Great,Danny.Itmaymakeyousick(生病的).Aftersportsyouneedwaterandarestfirst,notlotsoffood.1.A.fruitsB.foodC.dinnerD.vegetables2.A.likeB.knowC.thinkD.want3.A.breakfastB.lunchC.dinnerD.supper4.A.waterB.foodC.vegetablesD.fruit5.A.goodB.greatC.wellD.bad6.A.takeB.makeC.haveD.eat7.A.YouB.TheyC.WeD.It8.A.forB.inC.onD.to9.A.eatB.bringC.likeD.take10.A.schoolB.lunchC.sportsD.breakfast__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、阅读理解AThefoodinAmericaisdifferentfromourChinesefood.Forexample,theyeatalotofpotatoes.Theyliketoeatthemeveryday.Theyeatbreadforbreakfast.Theyeattheirbreadwithbutter(黄油),cheeseorjam(果酱).Cheeseandbutteraremadefrom(用……做成)milk.Theydrinkalotofmilk,too.Theydrinkhotorcoldmilk,andtheyputitintheirtea.Andtheylikemeatorfishwithpotatoesandothervegetables.Afterthemealtheyalwayseatsomethingsweet.Theycallthatdessert(甜点).1.TheAmericanfoodisChinesefood.A.thesameas B.differentfrom C.aswellas D.betterthan2.Butterismadefrom.A.milk B.butter C.jam D.sweet3.InAmericatheyusuallyeatbreadwith.A.sugar B.milk C.cheese D.tea4.Whichisnotmentionedinthepassage?A.Milk. B.Tea. C.Coffee. D.Riceporridge(粥).5.Afterthemealtheyliketoeat.A.apples B.pizzas C.dessert D.orangesB（深圳南山外国语学校2014年期中试题）Yourhairgrowsabout1/4to1/2incheverymonth.Ifyouwanttohavehealthyandshinninghair,readonforthesetopfoodsforyourhair.SalmonsWhenitcomestofoods,salmonswillcometoourmindsfirst.TheyarefilledwithvitaminB-12andiron.Theyaregoodforhairhealth.BeansBeansshouldbeanimportantpartofyourhair-carediet.Theyprovidealotofproteinandrichiniron,zinc(锌).NutsWalnutscontainanomega-3fattyacid(脂肪酸)thatmayhelpyourhairgrow.Theyarealsorichinzinc.Ashortofzinccanleadtohairshedding,somakesurenutsareonyourhealthyhairmenu.EggsEggsareoneofthebestproteinyoucanfind.They_also_contain_vitamin_B-12,whichisimportantbeautynutrients.6. Thetexttellsusthat_______containVitaminB-12.

A.salmonandeggs B.salmonandnuts

C.salmonandbeans D.eggsandbeans7. Beansarerichin________.

A.iron B.zinc

C.protein D.allofabove8. Whichofthefollowingcanmakeyourhairbecomebeautiful?

A.Iron B.vitaminB-12 C.Omega-3fattyacid D.Zinc9. Theunderlineword“shedding”means_______inthepassage.

A.旺盛 B.结束 C.生活 D.脱落10. Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage？

A.Ifyoueatmoreeggs,youcangetmoreiron.

B.Salmonsareoneofthebestfoodsforyourhair.

C.Yourhairgrowsabout1/2to1incheverymonth. D.Youneedn’teatnuts.CInmanyEnglishhomespeopleeatfourmealsaday:breakfast,lunch,teaanddinner.Peoplehavebreakfastatanytimefromseventonineinthemorning.Theyeatporridge,eggsorbread.Englishpeopledrinkteaorcoffeeatbreakfast.Lunchcomesatoneo’clock.Afternoonteaisfromfourtofiveintheafternoon.Anddinnerisabouthalfpastseven.Firsttheyhavesoup,andthentheyhavemeatorfishwithvegetables.Afterthattheyeatsomeotherthings,likebananas,applesororanges.ButnotallEnglishpeopleeatlikethat.Someofthemhavetheirdinnerinthemiddleoftheday.Theirmealsarebreakfast,dinner,teaandsupperandthesemealsareverysimple（简单的）.11.ManyEnglishpeoplehave_______mealsaday.A.two B.threeC.four D.threeorfour12.Peoplemayhave________fortheirbreakfast.A.teaandeggs B.porridge,eggs,bread,teaorcoffeeC.teaandcoffee D.breadandeggs13.Peoplehavelunchat_______.A.anytime B.nineC.five D.one14.Peopledon’thave________fortheirdinner.A.porridge B.bananasandapplesC.somesoupandmeat D.meatandfish15.InmanyEnglishhomesdinnercomes_______.A.atoneo’clock B.inthemiddleofthedayC.atnoon D.atnightDMynamei