小学英语语法-一般现在时详细讲解课件

我的功能1.表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态Iwashthedisheseveryday.Yousometimes

take

abushome.

Theyusually

have

lunchat11:30.Healways

getsupearly.She

is

often

lateforschool.2.表示表示客观事实Youare

13.Heis

astudent.

You

studyatOlympicGardenMiddleSchool.第1页/共58页关键词always(总是)usually(通常)often(经常)sometimes(有时)hardly(几乎不) rarely（很少）never(从不)everyday(每天)everyyear(每年）allthetime（所有时间）onMonday（在星期一）inJanuary

（在某月）3.表示永恒不变的真理；

Themoongoes

roundtheearth.

第2页/共58页

一.be动词的一般现在时be动词：主语+be+其它如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。

Heisaboy.他是一个男孩。｛

am

is(单三）

are第3页/共58页

肯定句：主语+be+其它

如：Heisaworker.Youarethirteen.

否定句：主语+be+not+其它如：Heisnotaworker.Youaren’tthirteen.

一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它?如：

Isheaworker?Yes,heis./No,heisn’t.Areyouthirteen?Yes,Iam./No,Iamnot.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+其它?

如：Whatishe?Whatcolouristhatbird?Howoldareyou?Wherearethey?2.be

动词的一般现在时的基本句型第4页/共58页二.实义动词的一般现在时1、什么叫实义动词？实义动词是指表示有具体意思的动词,也叫行为动词。如:like(喜欢）,eat（吃）,live（居住）,have（有）,run（跑）等等。实义动词占英语中动词的绝大多数。第5页/共58页我们已学过的be动词可译成“是”，有时译成“成为”，有时则没有具体意思如：“Sheistall.”这句译成：“她很高”。故be动词不属于实义动词。第6页/共58页2、一般现在时实义动词作谓语的时侯有两种形式：动词原形；如:enjoy第三人称单数动词形式；如:enjoys主语+(+其它)。｛行为动词原形行为动词的单数第三人称形式如：We

study

English.我们学习英语.

He

studies

French.第7页/共58页第8页/共58页第9页/共58页第10页/共58页

哪些主语是第三人称单数?

第11页/共58页一、人称代词he,she,it是第三人称单数。

HelikeswatchingTV.他喜欢看电视。

Shehaslunchattwelve.她十二点吃午餐。Itlookslikeacat.它看起来像只猫。第12页/共58页二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。

①HanMeilookslikehermother.

韩梅看起来像她的母亲

②BeijingisinChina.北京在中国。

③UncleWangoftenmakescakes.

王叔叔经常做蛋糕。第13页/共58页三、单数可数名词或"this/that/the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。①Apandaisashyanimal.

熊猫是害羞的动物。

②Thisbookisyellow.这本书是黄色的。

③Thatcarisred.那辆小汽车是红色的。

④Thecatisblack.这只猫是黑色的。第14页/共58页

3、实义动词第三人称单数的动词形式变化规则一般情况下直接加-swalk—walks以s.x.sh.ch.o尾加-eswatch—watchesgo—goes“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i,再加-es，fly—flies特殊情况have→hasdo→doesgo→goes第15页/共58页当主语是第三人称单数时，动词需变化.动词单三的变化：1、一般情况下，直接加s，如：reads,plays,works,makes2、以s,x,ch,sh结尾，后加es.如：watcheswashesteaches3、以辅音字母加o结尾,一般加es,如：does,goes4、“元音字母+y”结尾的单词，直接在词尾加-s。如：plays,says5、辅音字母+y结尾的单词,去y,加ies,如：flies,studies6、不规则变化如：have-has第16页/共58页Exercise

sit________swim________go____do_______make________run________write________see______cry________study_________watch_______wash_______say_______play_______have______take_______sitsswimsgoesdoesmakesrunswritescries_seesstudieswatcheswashessays_playshas_takessits第17页/共58页1)肯定句:

主语（I/We/You/They）+实义动词原形+其他如：IstayathomeonSaturdays.Theyhavesportseveryday.

主语（He/She/It）+实义动词单三形式+其他如：HestaysathomeonSaturdays.Lucyhassportseveryday.4、实义动词的一般现在时的基本句型第18页/共58页2)否定句：

主语（I/We/You/They）+do+not+动词原形+其他如：Idon’tstayathomeonSaturdays.Theydon’thavesportseveryday.

主语（He/She/It）+does+not+动词原形+其他如：Hedoesn’tstayathomeonSaturdays.Lucydoesn’thavesportseveryday.第19页/共58页3)一般疑问句及其肯、否定回答：

Do+主语（I/we/you/they）+动词原形+其他？如：DoyoustayathomeonSaturdays?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.Dotheyhavesportseveryday?Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.

Does+主语（he/she/it）+动词原形+其他？如：DoeshestayathomeonSaturdays?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.DoesLucyhavesportseveryday?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.第20页/共58页4)特殊疑问句：疑问词+

do/does+主语+动词原形+其他？如：Whatdoyouwant?

Whatdoesshewant?Whattimedoyouhavelunch?

Whattimedoesshehavelunch?Whatdoyoudo?

Whatdoesshedo?Howdoyouspellit?

Howdoeshespellit?特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句?直接回答，而不用yes或no.第21页/共58页5.一般现在时的句型变换1）

Iusuallyplayfootball

onFriday.改为一般疑问句:

DoyouusuallyplayfootballonFriday?对划线部分提问:What

doyouusuallydoonFriday?

2）

Myfathergotoworkbybikeeveryday.对划线部分提问:How

doesyourfathergotoworkeveryday?第22页/共58页一般现在时（否定句）

在一般现在时中，句中有be动词或情态动词（can等）时，否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not。

例如第23页/共58页一般现在时（否定句）1、Iamateacher.否：Iamnotateacher.2、Heisastudent.否：Heisnotastudent.3、Youareaboy.否：Youarenotaboy.4、Icanswim.否：Icannot（can’t)swim.第24页/共58页变否定句Iamagoodboy.Iam

not

agoodboy.第25页/共58页变否定句Theyarestudents.Theyarenotstudents.第26页/共58页变否定句ShecanspeakEnglish.ShecannotspeakEnglish.第27页/共58页一般现在时（否定句）

句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加doesnot(doesn’t),非单三时，否定句在动词前加donot（don’t)

例如第28页/共58页一般现在时（否定句）1、Itoschoolbybus.否：Itoschoolbybus.2、He

toschoolbybus.否：He

toschoolbybus.godon’tgogoesdoesn’tgo第29页/共58页变否定句IstudyEnglisheveryday.I

don’t

studyEnglisheverymorning.第30页/共58页变否定句ShespeaksChinesewell.Shedoesn’tspeakChinesewell.第31页/共58页一般现在时（疑问句）

句中有be动词或情态动词时，be动词或情态动词can提前，首字母变为大写；some变any例如第32页/共58页一般现在时（一般疑问句）

Heisastudent.Youareaboy.

Isheastudent？Areyou

aboy？Icanswim.They

areteachers.Canyouswim？Are

theyteacher？第33页/共58页Benismyfriend.

IsBenyourfriend？变一般疑问句第34页/共58页一般现在时（疑问句）句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为非第三人称单数，一般疑问句在句首加do，句子中动词用原形。主语为第三人称单数，一般疑问句在句首加does，句子中原有动词用原形；Some变any.例如第35页/共58页一般现在时（一般疑问句）1、Itoschoolbybus.疑问句：youtoschoolbybus.2、He

toschoolbybus.疑问句：he

toschoolbybus.DoesgogoesgogoDo第36页/共58页Wegotoschooleveryday.

Do

you

gotoschooleveryday?变一般疑问句第37页/共58页Nancylikesplayingcomputergames.

DoesNancylikeplayingcomputergames?变一般疑问句第38页/共58页Benwantssomebread.

DoesBenwant

anybread？变一般疑问句第39页/共58页特殊疑问句

地点：where人：who物：what

年龄：howold价钱：howmuch数量：howmany第40页/共58页特殊疑问句有be动词或情态动词构成：疑问词+be动词或情态动词+主语+其它例如第41页/共58页特殊疑问句She

can

play

piano.What

can

sheplay？He

is

ten.Howold

is

he？Heis

athome.Where

ishe？It’s

3dollars.Howmuch

isit?第42页/共58页特殊疑问句没有be动词或情态动词构成：疑问词+do（does）+主语+动词原形+其它例如第43页/共58页

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？Ilikeplayingfootball.Jimeatssomebreadeverymorning.Linglinghaslunchathome.Whatdoyoulike?WhatdoesJimeateverymorning?WheredoesLinginghavelunch？Doyoulikeplayingfootball?DoesJimeatanybreadeverymorning?DoesLinglinghavelunchathome?第44页/共58页

谓语动词是实义动词时,其一般现在时的谓语动词形式有两种——第三人称单数或原形。其否定句和疑问句要借助于does或do来帮助构成。6.实义动词的一般现在时用法小结第45页/共58页一般现在时练习第46页/共58页用括号内动词的适当形式填空

1.Heusually________(have)lunchathome.2.DavidandTomusually______(play)footballafterschool.3.Weusually______(make)modelships.4.Nickusually______(watch)TVonMonday.hasplaymakewatches第47页/共58页5.What______theyusually______(do)onSaturdays?Theyusually______(fly)kites.6.______youruncle______(water)theflowerseveryday?7.______yourparents______(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirlusually______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.dodoflyDoeswaterDoreadteaches第48页/共58页9.What______youusually______(do)afterschool?Iusually______(grow)flowers.10.What______yourmotherusually______(do)onSundays?Sheusually______(do)houseworkathome.11.______Mike______(have)anyhobbies?Yes,he______.He______(like)______(cook).12.They______(have)thesamehobby.dodogrowdoesdodoesDoeshavelikeshavecookingdoes第49页/共58页13.Myaunt______(like)______(read)newspaperseveryevening.14.What______Mikeusually______(do)onSundays?Heusually______(help)JanewithherMaths.15.What______Helenusually______(do)onSundays?Sheusually______(clean)thedesk.cleansdodoeshelpsdodoesreadinglikes第50页/共58页16.She______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao______(do)notlikePE.Hecan’t______(run)fast.18.Thechildrenusually______(watch)TVintheevening.goesdoesrunwatch第51页/共58页19.SuHaiandSuYang______(have)eightsubjectsthisterm.20.What______sheusually______(do)intheevening?Sheusually______(study)English.studiesdoesdohave第52页/共58页21.Thegirlis______.Shedances__________________.(beautiful)22.Thestudent______(use)acomputerto______(write)music.23.I______(like)makingclothes,buthe________________(donotlike).He______(like)playingfootball.beautifulbeautifullyuseswritelikedoesnot

likelikes第53页/共58页24.Weusually______(dance)and______(play)basketballafterclass.25.Mike’s______(hobby)is______draw)pictures.drawinghobbyplaydance第54页/共58页二、改写句子1．IwanttoplaytabletenniswithGaoShan.He_____to…2.IsurftheInternetonSaturdayevening..Myfather

t