2001-考研英语真题及答案

2001年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题注意事项：1.本试题的答案必须填写在规定的答题卡(ANSWERSHEET1)和答题纸(ANSWERSHEET2)上，写在试题上不给分。2.第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ部分的答案须用铅笔填涂在答题卡(ANSWERSHEET1)上，第Ⅳ、Ⅴ部分的答案须用蓝、黑墨水笔或圆珠笔写在答题纸(ANSWERSHEET2)上。用红色笔者不给分。3.选择题答案选出后，必须用2B铅笔把答题卡(ANSWERSHEET1)上的选中项涂满涂黑，如：［A］［B］［■］［D］。修改时，必须用橡皮擦净后，再填涂其它选项。4.考试结束后，将答题卡(ANSWERSHEET1)和答题纸(ANSWERSHEET2)一并装入试卷袋内。装答题卡(ANSWERSHEET1)时不准折叠。PartIStructureandVocabularySectionADirections:Beneatheachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarked［A],［B］,［C］and［D］.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(5points)Example:IhavebeentotheGreatWallthreetimes_______1979.［A］from［B］after［C］for［D］sinceThesentenceshouldread,“IhavebeentotheGreatWallthreetimessince1979.”Therefore,youshouldchoose［D］SampleAnswer［A］［B］［C］［■］1.IfIwereinamovie,thenitwouldbeabouttimethatI______myheadinmyhandsforacry.［A］bury［B］amburying［C］buried［D］wouldbury2.Goodnewswassometimesreleasedprematurely,withtheBritishrecaptureoftheport_______halfadaybeforethedefendersactuallysurrendered.［A］toannounce［B］announced［C］announcing［D］wasannounced3.Accordingtoonebelief,iftruthistobeknownitwillmakeitselfapparent,soone_______waitinsteadofsearchingforit.［A］wouldrather［B］hadto［C］cannotbut［D］hadbest4.Shefeltsuitablyhumblejustasshe_______whenhehadfirsttakenagoodlookathercityself,hairwavedandgolden,nailsredandpointed.［A］had［B］hadhad［C］wouldhavehad［D］hashad5.TherewasnosignthatMrJospin,whokeepsafirmcontrolonthepartydespitefrom_______leadershipofit,wouldintervenepersonally.［A］beingresigned［B］havingresigned［C］goingtoresign［D］resign6.Soinvolvedwiththeircomputers_______thatleadersatsummercomputercapsoftenhavetoforcethemtobreakforsportsandgames.［A］becamethecildren［B］becomethechildren［C］hadthechildrenbecome［D］dothechildrenbecome7.TheindividualTVviewerinvariablysensesthatheorsheis_______ananonymous,statisticallyinsignificantpartofahugeanddiverseaudience.［A］everythingexcept［B］anythingbut［C］nolessthan［D］nothingmorethan8.Onedifficultyintranslationliesinobtainingaconceptmatch._______thisismeantthataconceptinonelanguageislostorchangedinmeaningintranslation.［A］By［B］In［C］Nolessthan［D］Nothingmorethan9.Conversationbecomesweakerinasocietythatspendssomuchtimelisteningandbeingtalkedto_______ithasallbutlostthewillandtheskilltospeakforitself.［A］as［B］which［C］that［D］what10.ChurchasweusethewordreferstoallreliIslamic,Buddhist,Jewish,andsoon.［A］be［B］being［C］were［D］areSectionBDirections:Beneatheachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)

Example:ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound_______inthewoodsoffthehighway.［A］vanished［B］scattered［C］abandoned［D］rejectedThesentenceshouldread,“ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfoundabandonedinthewoodsoffthehighway.”Therefore,youshouldchoose［C］.SampleAnswer［A］［B］［■］［D］11.Heistooyoungtobeableto_______betweenrightandwrong.［A］discard［B］discern［C］disperse［D］disregard12.Itwasno_______thathiscarwasseennearthebankatthetimeoftherobbery.［A］coincidence［B］convention［C］certainty［D］complication13.OneoftheresponsibilitiesoftheCoastGuardistomakesurethatallships_______followtrafficrulesinbusyharbors.［A］cautiously［B］dutifully［C］faithfully［D］skillfully14.TheEskimoisperhapsoneofthemosttrustingandconsiderateofallIndiansbutseemstobethe_______welfareofhisanimals.［A］criticalabout［B］indignantat［C］indifferentto［D］subjectto15.Thechairmanoftheboard_______onmetheunpleasantjobofdismissinggoodworkersthefirmcannolongeraffordtoemploy.［A］compelled［B］posed［C］pressed［D］tempted16.Itisnaivetoexpectthatanysocietycanresolveallthesocialproblemsitisfacedwith_______.［A］forlong［B］inandout［C］onceforall［D］bynature17.Usingextremelydifferentdecoratingschemesinadjoiningroomsmayresultin_______andlackofunityinstyle.［A］conflict［B］confrontation［C］disturbance［D］disharmony18.TheTimberrattlesnakeisnowontheendangeredspecieslist,andisextinctintwoeasternstatesinwhichitonce_______.［A］thrived［B］swelled［C］prospered［D］flourished19.However,growthinthefabricatedmetalsindustrywasableto_______someofthedeclineintheironandsteelindustry.［A］overturn［B］overtake［C］offset［D］oppress20.Becauseofitsintimacy,radioisusuallymorethanjustamedium;itis_______.［A］firm［B］company［C］corporation［D］enterprise21.Whenanynonhumanorganistransplantedintoaperson,thebodyimmediatelyrecognizesitas_______.［A］novel［B］remote［C］distant［D］foreign22.MyfavoriteradiosongistheoneIfirstheardonathick1923EdisondiscI_______atagaragesale.［A］trifledwith［B］scrapedthrough［C］stumbledupon［D］thirstedfor23.Somedaysoftwarewilltranslatebothwrittenandspokenlanguagesowellthattheneedforanycommonsecondlanguagecould_______.［A］descend［B］decline［C］deteriorate［D］depress24.Equipmentnot______officialsafetystandardshasallbeenremovedfromtheworkshop.［A］conformingto［B］consistentwith［C］predominantover［D］providingfor25.Asanindustry,biotechnologystandsto_______electronicsindollarvolumeandperhapssurpassitinsocialimpactby2020.［A］contend［B］contest［C］rival［D］strive26.TheauthorsoftheUnitedStatesconstitutionattemptedtoestablishaneffectivenationalgovernmentwhilepreserving______forthestatesandlibertyforindividuals.［A］autonomy［B］dignity［C］monopoly［D］stability27.ForthreequartersofitsspanonEarth,lifeevolvedalmost_______asmicro-organisms.［A］precisely［B］instantly［C］initially［D］exclusively28.Theintroductionofgunpowdergraduallymadethebowandarrow_______,particularlyinWesternEurope.［A］obscure［B］obsolete［C］optional［D］overlapping29.Whoeverformulatedthetheoryoftheoriginoftheuniverse,itisjust_______andneedsproving.［A］spontaneous［B］hypothetical［C］intuitive［D］empirical30.Thefutureofthiscompanyis_______:manyofitstalentedemployeesareflowingintomoreprofitablenetbasedbusinesses.［A］atodds［B］introuble［C］invain［D］atstakePartⅡClozeTestDirection:Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoicesmarked［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(10points)Thegovernmentistobanpaymentstowitnessesbynewspapersseekingtobuyuppeopleinvolvedinprominentcases31thetrialofRosemaryWest.Inasignificant32oflegalcontrolsoverthepress,LordIrvine,theLordChancellor,willintroducea33billthatwillproposemakingpaymentstowitnesses34andwillstrictlycontroltheamountof35thatcanbegiventoacase36atrialbegins.InalettertoGeraldKaufman,chairmanoftheHouseofcommonsmediaselectcommittee,LordIrvinesaidhe37withacommitteereportthisyearwhichsaidthatselfregulationdidnot38sufficientcontrol.39ofthelettercametwodaysafterLordIrvinecauseda40ofmediaprotestwhenhesaidthe41ofprivacycontrolscontainedinEuropeanlegislationwouldbelefttojudges42toParliament.TheLordChancellorsaidintroductionoftheHumanRightsBill,which43theEuropeanConventiononHumanRightslegally44inBritain,laiddownthateverybodywas45toprivacyandthatpublicfigurescouldgotocourttoprotectthemselvesandtheirfamilies.“Pressfreedomswillbeinsafehands46ourBritishjudges,"hesaid.Witnesspaymentsbecamean47afterWestwassentencedto10lifesentencesin1995.Upto19witnesseswere48tohavereceivedpaymentsfortellingtheirstoriestonewspapers.Conernswereraised49witnessesmightbeencouragedtoexaggeratetheirstoriesincourtto50guiltyverdicts.31.［A］asto［B］forinstance［C］inparticular［D］suchas32.［A］tightening［B］intensifying［C］focusing［D］fastening33.［A］sketch［B］rough［C］preliminary［D］improper34.［A］illogical［B］illegal［C］improbable［D］improper35.［A］publicity［B］penalty［C］popularity［D］peculiarity36.［A］since［B］if［C］before［D］as37.［A］sided［B］shared［C］complied［D］agreed38.［A］present［B］offer［C］manifest［D］indicate39.［A］Release［B］Publication［C］Printing［D］Exposure40.［A］storm［B］rage［C］flare［D］flash41.［A］translation［B］interpretation［C］exhibition［D］demonstration42.［A］betterthan［B］otherthan［C］ratherthan［D］soonerthan43.［A］changes［B］makes［C］sets［D］turns44.［A］binding［B］convincing［C］restraining［D］sustaining45.［A］authorized［B］credited［C］entitled［D］qualified46.［A］with［B］to［C］from［D］by47.［A］impact［B］incident［C］inference［D］issue48.［A］stated［B］remarked［C］said［D］told49.［A］what［B］when［C］which［D］that50.［A］assure［B］confide［C］ensure［D］guaranteePartⅢReadingComprehensionDirections:Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenmarkyouransweronANSWERSHEET1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.(40points)Passage1Specialisationcanbeseenasaresponsetotheproblemofanincreasingaccumulationofscientificknowledge.Bysplittingupthesubjectmatterintosmallerunits,onemancouldcontinuetohandletheinformationanduseitasthebasisforfurtherresearch.Butspecialisationwasonlyoneofaseriesofrelateddevelopmentsinscienceaffectingtheprocessofcommunication.Anotherwasthegrowingprofessionalisationofscientificactivity.Noclearcutdistinctioncanbedrawnbetweenprofessionalsandamateursinscience:exceptionscanbefoundtoanyrule.Neverthelss,theword`amateur'doescarryaconnotationthatthepersonconcernedisnotfullyintegratedintothescientificcommunityand,inparticular,maynotfullyshareitsvalues.Thegrowthofspecialisationinthenineteenthcentury,withitsconsequentrequirementofalonger,morecomplextraining,impliedgreaterproblemsforamateurparticipationinscience.Thetrendwasnaturallymostobviousinthoseareasofsciencebasedespeciallyonamathematicalorlaboratorytraining,andcanbeillustratedintermsofthedevelopmentofgeologyintheUnitedKingdom.AcomparisonofBritishgeologicalpublicationsoverthelastcenturyandahalfrevealsnotsimplyanincreasingemphasisontheprimacyofresearch,butalsoachangingdefinitionofwhatconstitutesanacceptableresearchpaper.Thus,inthenineteenthcentury,localgeologicalstudiesrepresentedworthwhileresearchintheirownright;but,inthetwentiethcentury,localstudieshaveincreasinglybecomeacceptabletoprofessionalsonlyiftheyincorporate,andreflecton,thewidergeologicalpicture.Amateurs,ontheotherhand,havecontinuedtopursuelocalstudiesintheoldway.Theoverallresulthasbeentomakeentrancetoprofessionalgeologicaljournalsharderforamateurs,aresultthathasbeenreinforcedbythewidespradintroductionofrefereeing,firstbynationaljournalsinthenineteenthcenturyandthenbyseverallocalgeologicaljournalsinthetwentiethcentury.Asalogicalconsequenceofthisdevelopment,separatejournalshavenowappearedaimedmainlytowardseitherprofessionaloramateurreadership.Arathersimilarprocessofdifferentiationhasledtoprofessionalgeologistscomingtogethernationallywithinoneortwospecificsocieties,whereastheamateurshavetendedeithertoremaininlocalsocietiesortocometogethernationallyinadifferentway.AlthoughtheprocessofprofessionalisationandspecialisationwasalreadywellunderwayinBritishgeologyduringthenineteenthcentury,itsfullconsequenceswerethusdelayeduntilthetwentiethcentury.Insciencegenerally,however,thenineteenthcenturymustbereckonedasthecrucialperiodforthischangeinthestructureofscience.51.Thegrowthofspecialisationinthe19thcenturymightbemoreclearlyseeninscien-cessuchas_______.［A］sociologyandchemistry［B］physicsandpsychology［C］sociologyandpsychology［D］physicsandchemistry52.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.［A］thereislittledistinctionbetweenspecialisationandprofessionalisation［B］amateurscancompetewithprofessionalsinsomeareasofscience［C］professionalstendtowelcomeamateursintothescientificcommunity［D］amateurshavenationalacademicsocietiesbutnolocalones53.Theauthorwritesofthedevelopmentofgeologytodemonstrate_______.［A］theprocessofspecialisationandprofessionalisation［B］thehardshipofamateursinscientificstudy［C］thechangeofpoliciesinscientificpublications［D］thediscriminationofprofessionalsagainstamateurs54.Thedirectreasonforspecialisationis_______。［A］thedevelopmentincommunication［B］thegrowthofprofessionalisation［C］theexpansionofscientificknowledge［D］thesplittingupofacademicsocietiesPassage2Agreatdealofattentionisbeingpaidtodaytothesocalleddigitaldivide—thedivisionoftheworldintotheinfo(information)richandtheinfopoor.Andthatdividedoesexisttoday.MywifeandIlecturedaboutthisloomingdangertwentyyearsago.Whatwaslessvisiblethen,however,werethenew,positiveforcesthatworkagainstthedigitaldivide.Therearereasonstobeoptimistic.Therearetechnologicalreasonstohopethedigitaldividewillnarrow.AstheInternetbecomesmoreandmorecommercialized,itisintheinterestofbusinesstouniversalizeaccess—afterall,themorepeopleonline,themorepotentialcustomersthereare.Moreandmoregovernments,afraidtheircountrieswillbeleftbehind,wanttospreadInternetaccess.Withinthenextdecadeortwo,onetotwobillionpeopleontheplanetwillbenettedtogether.Asaresult,Inowbelievethedigitaldividewillnarrowratherthanwidenintheyearsahead.AndthatisverygoodnewsbecausetheInternetmaywellbethemostpowerfultoolforcombatingworldpovertythatwe'veeverhad.Ofcourse,theueoftheInternetisn'ttheonlywaytodefeatpoverty.AndtheInternetisnottheonlytoolwehave.Butithasenormouspotential.Totakeadvantageofthistool,someimpoverishedcountrieswillhavetogetovertheiroutdatedanticolonialprejudiceswithrespecttoforeigninvestment.Countriesthatstillthinkforeigninvestmentisaninvasionoftheirsovereigntymightwellstudythehistoryofinfrastructure(thebasicstructuralfoundationsofasociety)intheUnitedStates.WhentheUnitedStatesbuiltitsindustrialsinfrastructure,itdidn'thavethecapitaltodoso.AndthatiswhyAmerica'sSecondWaveinfrastructure—includingroads,barbors,highways,protsandsoon—werebuiltwithforeigninvestment.TheEnglish,theGermans,theDutchandtheFrenchwereinvestinginBritain'sformercolony.Theyfinancedthem.ImmigrantAmericansbuiltthem.Guesswhoownsthemnow?TheAmericans.IbelievethesamethingwouldbetrueinplaceslikeBraziloranywhereelseforthatmatter.ThemoreforeigncapitalyouhavehelpingyoubuildyourThirdWaveinfrastructure,whichtodayisanelectronicinfrastructure,thebetteroffyou'regoingtobe.Thatdoesn'tmeanlyingdownandbecomingfooled,orlettingforeigncorporationsrununcontrolled.ButitdoesmeansrecognizinghowimportanttheycanbeinbuildingtheenergyandtelecominfrastructuresneededtotakefulladvantageoftheInternet.55.Digitaldivideissomething_______.［A］gettingworsebecauseoftheInternet［B］therichcountriesareresponsiblefor［C］theworldmustguardagainst［D］consideredpositivetoday56.GovernmentsattachimportancetotheInternetbecauseit_______.［A］offerseconomicpotentials［B］canbringforeignfunds［C］cansoonwipeoutworldpoverty［D］connectspeopleallovertheworld57.ThewritermentionedthecaseoftheUnitedStatestojustifythepolicyof_______.［A］providingfinancialsupportoverseas［B］preventingforeigncapital'scontrol［C］buildingindustrialinfrastructure［D］acceptingforeigninvestment58.Itseemsthatnowacountry'seconomydependsmuchon_______.［A］howwelldevelopeditiselectronically［B］whetheritisprejudicedagainstimmigrants［C］whetheritadoptsAmerica'sindustrialpattern［D］howmuchcontrolithasoverforeigncorporationsPassage3WhydosomanyAmericansdistrustwhattheyreadintheirnewspapers?TheAmericanSocietyofNewspaperEditorsistryingtoanswerthispainfulquestion.Theorganizationisdeepintoalongselfanalysisknownasthejournalismcredibilityproject.Sadtosay,thisprojecthasturnedouttobemostlylowlevelfindingsaboutfactualerrorsandspellingandgrammarmistakes,combinedwithlotsofheadscratchingpuzzlementaboutwhatintheworldthosereadersreallywant.Butthesourcesofdistrustgowaydeeper.Mostjounalistslearntoseetheworldthroughasetofstandardtemplates(patterns)intowhichtheyplugeachday'sevents.Inotherwords,thereisaconventionalstorylineinthenewsroomculturethatprovidesabackboneandareadymadenarrativestructureforotherwiseconfusingnews.Thereexistsasocialandculturaldisconnectbetweenjournalistsandtheirreaders,whichhelpsexplainwhythe“standardtemplates"ofthenewsroomseemalientomanyreaders.Inarecentsurvey,questionnairesweresenttoreportersinfivemiddlesizecitiesaroundthecountry,plusonelargemetropolitanarea.Thenresidentsinthesecommunitieswerephonedatrandomandaskedthesamequestions.RepliesshowthatcomparedwithotherAmericans,journalistsaremorelikelytoliveinupscaleneighborhoods,havemaids,ownMercedeses,andtradestocks,andthey'relesslikelytogotochurch,dovolunteerwork,orputdownrootsinacoummunity.Reporterstendtobepartofabroadlydefinedsocialandculturalelite,sotheirworktendstoreflecttheconventionalvaluesofthiselite.Theastonishingdistrustofthenewsmediaisn'trootedininaccuracyorpoorreportorialsskillsbutinthedailyclashofworldviewsbetweenreportersandtheirreaders.Thisisanexplosivesituationforanyindustry,particularlyadecliningone.Hereisatroubledbusinessthatkeepshiringemployeeswhoseattitudesvastlyannoythecustomers.Thenitsponsorslotsofsymposiumsandacredibilityprojectdedicatedtowonderingwhycustomersareannoyedandfleeinginlargenumbers.Butitneverseemstogetaroundtonoticingtheculturalandclassbiasesthatsomanyformerbuyersarecomplainingabout.Ifitdid,itwouldopenupitsdiversityprogram,nowfocusednarrowlyonraceandgender,andlookforreporterswhodifferbroadlybyoutlook,values,educa-tion,andclass.59Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?［A］needsofthereadersallovertheworld［B］causesofthepublicdisappointmentaboutnewspapers［C］originsofthedecliningnewspaperindustry［D］aimsofajournalismcredibilityproject60.Theresultsofthejournalismcredibilityprojectturnedouttobe_______.［A］quitetrustworthy［B］somewhatcontradictory［C］veryilluminating［D］rathersuperficial61.Thebasicproblemofjournalistsaspointedoutbythewriterliesintheir_______.［A］workingattitude［B］conventionallifestyle［C］worldoutlook［D］educationalbackground62.Despiteitsefforts,thenewspaperindustrystillcannotsatisfythereadersowingtoits_______.［A］failuretorealizeitsrealproblem［B］tendencytohireannoyingreporters［C］likelinesstodoinaccuratereporting［D］prejudiceinmattersofraceandgenderPassage4Theworldisgoingthroughthebiggestwaveofmergersandacquisitionseverwitnessed.TheprocesssweepsfromhyperactiveAmericatoEuropeandreachestheemergingcountrieswithunsurpassedmight.Manyinthesecountriesarelookingatthisprocessandworrying:“Won'tthewaveofbusinessconcentrationturnintoanuncontrollableanti-competitiveforce?"There'snoquestionthatthebigaregettingbiggerandmorepowerful.Multinationalcorporationsaccountedforlessthan20%ofinternationaltradein1982.Todaythefigureismorethan25%andgrowingrapidly.Internationalaffiliatesaccountforafastgrowingsegmentofproductionineconomiesthatopenupandwelcomeforeigninvestment.InArgentina,forinstance,afterthereformsoftheearly1990s,multinationalswentfrom43%toalmost70%oftheindustrialproductionofthe200largestfirms.Thisphenomenonhascreatedseriousconcernsovertheroleofsmallereconomicfirms,ofnationalbusinessmenandovertheultimatestabilityoftheworldeconomy.IbelievethatthemostimportantforcesbehindthemassiveM&Awavearethesamethatunderlietheglobalizationprocess:fallingtransportationandcommunicationcosts,lowertradeandinvestmentbarriersandenlargedmarketsthatrequireenlargedoperationscapableofmeetingcustomers'demands.Allthesearebeneficial,notdetrimental,toconsumers.Asproductivitygrows,theworld'swealthincreases.Examplesofbenefitsorcostsofthecurrentconcentrationwavearescanty.YetitishardtoimaginethatthemergerofafewoilfirmstodaycouldrecreatethesamethreatstocompetitionthatwerefearednearlyacenturyagointheU.S.,whentheStandardOiltrustwasbrokenup.Themergersoftelecomcompanies,suchasWorldCom,hardlyseemtobringhigherpricesforconsumersorareductioninthepaceoftechnicalprogress.Onthecontrary,thepriceofcommunicationsiscomingdownfast.Incars,too,concentrationisincreasing—witnessDaimlerandChrysler,RenaultandNissan—butitdoesnotappearthatconsumersarebeinghurt.Yetthefactremainsthatthemergermovementmustbewatched.Afewweeksago,AlanGreenspanwarnedagainstthemegamergersinthebankingindustry.Whoisgoingtosupervise,regulateandoperateaslenderoflastresortwiththegiganticbanksthatarebeingcreated?Won'tmultinationalsshiftproductionfromoneplacetoanotherwhenanationgetstoostrictaboutinfringementstofaircompetition?Andshouldonecountrytakeuponitselftheroleof“defendingcompetition"onissuesthataffectmanyothernations,asintheU.S.vs.Microsoftcase?63.Whatisthetypicaltrendofbusinessestoday?［A］totakeinmoreforeignfunds［B］toinvestmoreabroad［C］tocombineandbecomebigger［D］totradewithmorecountries64.Accordingtotheauthor,oneofthedrivingforcesbehindM&Awaveis_______.［A］thegreatercustomerdemands［B］asurplussupplyforthemarket［C］agrowingproductivity［D］theincreaseoftheworld'swealth65.Fromparagraph4wecaninferthat_______.［A］theincreasingconcentrationiscertaintohurtconsumers［B］WorldComservesasagoodexampleofbothbenefitsandcosts［C］thecostsofthegobalizationprocessareenormous［D］theStandardOiltrustmighthavethreatenedcompetition66.Towardthenewbusinesswave,thewriter'sattitudecanbesaidtobe_______.［A］optimistic［B］objective［C］pessimistic［D］biasedPassage5WhenIdecidedtoquitmyfulltimeemploymentitneveroccurredtomethatImightbecomeapartofanewinternationaltrend.Alateralmovethathurtmyprideandblockedmyprofessionalprogresspromptedmetoabandonmyrelativelyhighprofilecareeralthough,inthemannerofadisgracedgovernmentminister,Icoveredmyexitbyclaiming“Iwantedtospendmoretimewithmyfamily".Curiously,sometwoandahalfyearsandtwonovelslater,myexperimentinwhattheAmericansterm“downshifting"hasturnedmytiredexcuseintoanabsolutereality.Ihavebeentransformedfromapassionateadvocateofthephilosophyof“haveitall",preachedbyLindaKelseyforthepastsevenyearsinthepagesofShemagazine,intoawomanwhoishappytosettleforabitofeverything.Ihavediscovered,asperhapsKelseywillafterhermuchpublicizedresignationfromtheeditorshipofSheafterabuildupofstress,thatabandoningthedoctrineof“jugglingyourlife",andmakingthealternativemoveinto“downshifting”bringswithitfargreaterrewardsthanfinancialsuccessandsocialstatus.NothingcouldpersuademetoreturntothekindoflifeKelseyusedtoadvocateandIonceenjoyed:12-hourworkingdays,pressureddeadlines,thefearfulstrainofofficepoliticsandthelimitationsofbeingaparenton“qualitytime”.InAmerica,themoveawayfromjugglingtoasimpler,lessmaterialisticlifestyleisa-well-establishedtrend.Downshifting—alsoknowninAmericaas“voluntarysimplicity”—has,ironically,evenbredanewareaofwhatmightbetermedanti-consumerism.Thereareanumberofbestsellingdownshiftingselfhelpbooksforpeoplewhowanttosimplifytheirlives;therearenewsletters,suchasTheTightwadGazette,thatgivehundredsofthousandsofAmericansusefultipsonanythingfromrecyclingtheirclingfilmtomakingtheirownsoap;thereareevensupportgroupsforthosewhowanttoachievethemid'90sequivalentofdroppingout.Forthewomenofmygenerationwhowereurgedtokeepjugglingthroughthe'80s,downshiftinginthemid'90sisnotsomuchasearchforthemythicalgoodlife—growingyourownorganicvegetables,andriskingturningintoone—asapersonalrecognitionofyourlimitations.67.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoparagraph1?［A］Fulltimeemploymentisanewinternationaltrend.［B］Thewriterwascompelledbycircumstancestoleaveherjob.［C］“Alateralmove"meanssteppingoutoffulltimeemployment.［D］Thewriterwasonlytooeagertospendmoretimewithherfamily.68.Thewriter'sexperimentshowsthatdownshifting_______.［A］enableshertorealizeherdream［B］helpshermoldanewphilosophyoflife［C］promptshertoabandonherhighsocialstatus［D］leadshertoacceptthedoctrineofShemagazine69.“Jugglingone'slife”probablymeanslivingalifecharacterizedby_______.［A］nonmaterialisticlifestyle［B］abitofeverything［C］extremestree［D］anticonsumerism70.Accordingtothepassage,downshiftingemergedintheU.S.asaresultof_______.［A］thequickpaceofmodernlife［B］man'sadventurousspirit［C］man'ssearchformythicalexperiences［D］theeconomicsituationPartⅣEnglishChineseTranslation