2025版高考英语一轮复习新题精练专题四语法填空考点6介词冠词和代词课件

考点6介词、冠词和代词过考点基础小题轻松快攻训练计划:介词9个,冠词5个,代词5个1Mr.Bird'sgraduationhasinspirednewsreportsaroundtheworld,partlybecause

hisage.

2ScientistsontheFASTprojectwiththeNationalAstronomicalObservatoriesofChinaannouncedthenews

Wednesday.

3Oneoftheworld'slargestonlinetravelagenciessaidforeignvisitorsinChinahadincreasedyearonyear

morethan300%.

4Inoldage,Mrs.Johnsonbecameoneof

mostcelebratedwomen,whoservedasamathematicianforthespaceagency.

5Thisyear'seventwillbemorediversethan

oflastyearanditisscheduledtolastuntiltheendoftheyear,accordingtotheorganizer.

6Foreachmusicvideo,hecooperatesactively

aChinesesingerormusician,toincludecharacteristicsfromtheirownhomeregion.7TheArgentinetangowas

worldwidesuccessinthe1930s,whenitwascommonindancehallsforaLatinorchestratoalternatewithabigband.

8Chang'anAvenueisarguablythemostpopularrouteforcyclistsinBeijing,

itstwocyclelanespositionedalongsidethoseformotorvehicles.

9

thesametime,91.6percentofrespondentsvoicedtheirexpectationsformorevideoprogramsdiggingdeeperintotraditionalChineseculture.

10Theycancompleteflexiblemovementsincludingpickinguppiecesofpaper,bowls,tofuandcakesandplacing

(they)incertainplacesaccurately.

11Withoutthethoughtsofothers,wewillfind

moredifficulttoseetheweaknessinourownargumentsandwithoutthisself-reflectionwecannevergrow.

12DesignersinthefashionindustrywerethefirsttofeaturetraditionalChinesepatterns,charactersandcraftingtechniquesin

(they)newestcollections.

13Bytheageof23,shehasvisitedallthecountriesinanefforttochallenge

(she)andpushthelimitsofwhatshebelievedwaspossibleforafemaletraveler.

14Inadditiontosavinglivesandnourishingthebody,themagicoftraditionalChinesemedicineexistsinvariousaspectsofChineselife.Itisinthefoodwecannotlive

.

15

theInternetandsocialmediaplatformslikeTikTok,contentcreatorsarenowsharingtheselanguageswiththeworld,increasinginterestinlearningtheselanguages.

16AlthoughthefoodspreparedforthefamilyreuniondinneronthelunarNewYear'sEvevarythroughoutthecountry,jiaoziis

must-haveformostfamiliesinnorthernChina.

17BeinganimportantpartofChineseculture,itattracts

increasingnumberofinternationalstudentswhoarebeginningtoappreciateChina'scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.18"Mypassion

HanfucamefromtwoofmyfriendswholovetraditionalChineseclothing,"LiuXiangsaid.Herinterestgrewasshelearnedmoreabout

culturebehinditandacquiredherfirstHanfucostume.

【解析】1.of介词的固定搭配伯德先生的毕业引起了世界各地的新闻报道,部分是因为他的年龄。根据语境可知,此处表示引起大量报道的原因。becauseof意为"因为,由于"。2.on介词的基本用法表示在星期几,应该使用介词on。3.by介词的固定搭配语境表示,在中国的外国游客与去年同期相比增长300%以上。介词by常用来表示增长或变化的数额、比例、幅度等;根据语境可知,此处应填by。【知识拓展】

常考介词by的含义小结介词by是英语中比较常见的介词,含义多样,可大致归纳如下:4.the定冠词约翰逊夫人曾是航天局的数学家,她在晚年成为最著名的女性之一。"oneof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数"表示"最……的……之一",故此处应用定冠词the。【比较】"定冠词(the)+形容词的最高级"表示"最……";"不定冠词(a/an)+形容词的最高级"表示"很,非常"。5.that指示代词据组织者介绍,今年的活动将比去年的活动更加多样化,预计将持续到年底。分析句子结构可知,空处指代前面的单数名词event,故填that。【知识拓展】

it,one,that的用法区别it,one,that都可作代词,指代上文提到过的事物,但具体用法和意义不同。(1)it指代同一事物。如:IhavelostmydictionaryandIamlookingforit.我的词典丢了,我正在找。(2)one常用来替代可数名词单数,表示泛指,指同类异物(既可指人也可指物)。如:Ihavelostmydictionary,soIhavetobuyanotherone.我的词典丢了,所以我得再买一本。Ihopeyou'retheonlyonewhoknowsit.我希望只有你知道这件事。(3)that可用来替代不可数名词,也可替代可数名词单数,表示特指,指同类异物。如:Thewaterinthecupishotterthanthatinthepot.杯子里的水比锅里的水热。

6.with介词的固定搭配

cooperate是不及物动词,常与介词with搭配使用,意为"与……合作"。【知识拓展】

常考介词with的含义小结介词with是英语中比较常见的介词,含义多样,可大致归纳如下:7.a不定冠词

success在句中意为"成功的事物",为可数名词单数。所填词表示泛指意义,且success的发音以辅音音素开头,故填不定冠词a。【点拨】一些常表示抽象意义的不可数名词有时可用来表示具体的人或事物,此时它们可作可数名词用,这种现象叫"抽象名词具体化"。如:success,failure,surprise,pleasure,comfort等。8.with介词的基本用法长安街可以说是北京最受骑自行车者欢迎的路线,它的两条自行车道位于机动车道的旁边。空前为"主系表"结构的简单句,空后为"名词+非谓语",因此可以判断空处应使用介词with,构成"with复合结构","with复合结构"在句中作状语。【技巧点拨】

判断"with复合结构"中的with可分两步走:1.句中已有"主谓宾"或"主系表"结构的句子;2.空后为"名词/代词+非谓语/形容词/副词/介词短语)",空处在句中作状语或后置定语。9.At介词的固定搭配同时,91.6%的调查对象表示希望有更多深入挖掘中国传统文化的视频节目。atthesametime"同时";空处位于句首,首字母要大写,故填At。【知识拓展】

常考介词at的含义小结介词at含义较多,有时可以借助其基本义来记忆其引申义或者固定搭配,避免出错,at的含义可大致归纳如下:10.them人称代词它们可以完成灵活的动作,包括捡起纸片、碗、豆腐及蛋糕并精准地把它们放在确定的地方。空处指代前面提到的纸片、碗、豆腐及蛋糕,作placing的宾语,故填them。11.it人称代词如果没有别人的想法,我们会发现更难看到自己论点中的不足,没有这种自我反省,我们永远无法成长。分析句子结构可知,it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是动词不定式短语。【知识拓展】

it作形式主语/宾语的常考句型1.Itis/was+过去分词(said/reported/believed/suggested/advised/acknowledged/recommended)+that从句2.Itis/was+adj.+forsb.todosth.(作表语的形容词多是表示事物性质的,如difficult,heavy,important,possible等。)3.Itis/was+adj.+ofsb.todosth.(作表语的形容词多是表示人物特征的,如honest,careless,foolish,clever等。)4.It+不及物动词(happens/seems/appears)+that从句5.Itis+名词(nouse/nogood/awasteoftime)/形容词(useless)doingsth.6.Ittakes/tooksb.+时间+todosth.7.动词(make/keep/find/think)+it+宾补+todosth./that从句8.主语+表示好恶的动词(like/dislike/hate/appreciate)+it+that从句12.their形容词性物主代词根据语境,此处表示"在他们的最新系列时装中",空处应使用形容词性物主代词修饰newestcollections,故填their。【熟词生义】collection的熟义为"n.收藏品",在此collection为生义,表示"n.(常为季节性推出的)系列时装"。13.herself反身代词为了挑战自己,挑战她认为女性旅行者可能达到的极限,到23岁时,她已游览了所有的国家。空处作动词challenge的宾语,和主语指的是同一个人,故填herself。【知识拓展】

反身代词的用法小结1.在动词和介词后作宾语,并且主语和宾语指同一个(些)人时,宾语用反身代词。2.为了加强语气,反身代词经常在主语或宾语后面充当同位语,译作"本身,本人"等。如:Thevillageitselfispretty,butthesurroundingcountrysideisratherdull.村子本身很美,但周围的乡村相当单调。(itself作主语Thevillage的同位语)3.用于一些固定用法中。如:allbyoneself独立地,独自;tooneself独自拥有的;foroneself为自己,独自一人;initself本身;thinktooneself心想;seatoneself坐下;teachoneself自学;dressoneself给自己穿衣;devoteoneselfto致力于;enjoyoneself玩得愉快;cometooneself恢复常态;helponeself随便吃,随便用;speaktooneself自言自语;makeoneselfunderstood使自己被理解。14.without介词的基本用法除了救命和滋补身体,传统中医的魔力存在于中国人生活的各个方面。它存在于我们赖以生存的食物中。根据语境可知,此处指的是没有食物我们无法生存。前面的cannot表示否定,应用without"没有",双重否定表肯定。15.On介词的基本用法此处表示"在互联网和TikTok等社交媒体平台上,内容创造者现在与世界分享这些语言"。分析句子结构可知,此处应用介词on,表示"通过,使用,借助于";ontheInternet"在互联网上"为固定短语。【知识拓展】

常考介词on的含义小结介词on是英语中比较常见的介词之一,用法灵活,含义较多,可大致归纳如下:16.a不定冠词尽管全国各地为年夜饭准备的食物各不相同,但饺子是中国北方大多数家庭的必备食物。此处表示泛指,amust-have意为"一个必不可少的事物"。17.an不定冠词此处表示它吸引了越来越多的国际学生。此处考查短语anumberof"许多",increasing的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。【技巧点拨】

判断用a还是an,要看冠词后单词的发音以元音音素开头(用an,如an8-year-oldboy)还是以辅音音素开头(用a)。要留意拼写以辅音字母开头,发音却以元音音素开头的单词(如honest,honor,hour等)和拼写以元音字母开头,发音却以辅音音素开头的单词(如European,united,university,useful等)。18.for;the介词的固定搭配;定冠词

passion常与for搭配,表示"对……的热爱",第一空填介词for。第二空所在句表示"随着她对汉服背后的文化了解越来越多,她的兴趣也越来越浓厚,并获得了她的第一套汉服",此处特指"汉服背后的文化",应用定冠词the。过应用语法填空应用提高Cloze

1话题:保护传统装饰图案主题语境:人与社会词数:约235

难度:★★★★☆

[2023山东济南统测]AlmosteverythinginspiredtheancestorsofChinesetocreatediversedecorativepatternsonobjectsrangingfromdailylifeneedstopureartworks.Theycarriedgoodandlucky1__________(mean)andwerepossessedofhighvalue,drivingnumerouspeopletoprotectthem.

However,thehugenumberofthesedecorationsincreasesthedifficultyofconservationefforts.Fortunately,manyChineseartistshavebeenconsideringvariouswaystopassdownthisculture▶2___________thenextgeneration.HuangQingsui,▶3

Zhuangethnicartdesigner,numbersamongtheseartists.Hestartedcollectingdecorativepatternsfromruralareasandrecordedtheminanonlinedatabasein2013thatnow4

(contain)morethan20,000traditionaldecorations.

Managingthedatabaseconsistsofthreesteps.Thefirstiscollectingthesetraditionalpatternsthroughvariouschannels,includinginvestigatingandvisitingplaceswherethesedecorationsmayhavebeenpasseddownor5

(contact)museumsandexperts.Aftertrackingdownadecorativepattern,Huangandhisteamtakephotosand6

(digital)reproducethepatternsoncomputer.Duringtheprocess,theyoftenneedtorestoredamagedpatterns,especially7

itcomestodecorativepatternsonclothingbecausetheytendtobefadedormisshapen.Thelaststepinvolvescollectingthedataandcheckingandcorrectinganymistakes8

mayhaveoccurredduringtheearliersteps.

Thebeauty9

(hold)intraditionalpatternshasinspiredChinesedesignerstofind▶10__________(they)ownstyleandemotionalbondsinsteadofjustcaringaboutfunctionandformwhentheydesigntheirworks.

【解析】

中国传统的装饰图案表达了美好的愿望,具有极高的价值。壮族艺术设计师黄清穗致力于保护这些美丽的装饰图案,并创造了行之有效的保护方法。1.meanings名词空处作carried的宾语,且其前有形容词修饰,故此处应用名词形式;又因空前无限定词修饰,再结合语境可知,此处表示不止一种含义。故填meanings。2.to介词幸运的是,许多中国艺术家一直在考虑通过多种方式将这种文化传给下一代。passdownsth.tosb."使……世代相传",为固定搭配。3.a冠词该处泛指"一位壮族艺术设计师",故用不定冠词,且Zhuang的发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。4.contains动词的时态和主谓一致分析句子结构可知,此处that引导定语从句,that指代上文的anonlinedatabase,表单数概念,故从句的谓语动词用单数;该句陈述的是客观情况,故用一般现在时。5.contacting非谓语动词首先是通过多种渠道收集这些传统图案,包括调查并参观这些装饰图案可能被传承的地方,或联系博物馆和专家。根据句中的"or"以及"investigatingandvisiting"可知,空处作介词including的宾语,应与"investigatingandvisiting"的形式保持一致,故填contacting。6.digitally副词空处修饰动词reproduce,故用副词digitally。

7.when固定句型在这个过程中,他们经常需要修复受损的图案,特别是当涉及服装上的装饰图案时,因为它们往往会褪色或变形。whenitcomesto...为固定句型,意为"当涉及……时"。8.that定语从句分析句子结构可知,空处引导定语从句,指代先行词mistakes,先行词由不定代词any修饰,关系词在从句中作主语,故填that。9.held非谓语动词分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语动词。beauty和hold之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词短语作后置定语。句意:传统图案所蕴含的美激发了中国设计师在设计作品时寻找自己的风格和情感纽带,而不仅仅是关注功能和形式。10.their代词此处表示所属关系,故用形容词性物主代词。Cloze

2话题:点茶主题语境:人与社会词数:约245

难度:★★★★☆

[2023浙江杭州质检]It'scommontoseeabarista(咖啡师)createcoffeeart,butit'sawholedifferentballgamedoingthesamethingwithtea.HanZheming,▶1

40-year-oldShanghairesident,hasmanaged2

(perfect)theskill,creatingteaartincups,ordian

cha(点茶)inChinese,whichusedtobearoutineduringtheSongDynasty(960-1279).Overthepastdecades,he3

(use)teaandspoonstocreatenearly200patterns4

(base)onancientpaintings.

It'salsohisintentiontobringtheoldroutinebacktomodernlifeandhavemorepeopleappreciate▶5________(it)charm."Dian

chainmodernbrewingenhancesthetasteoftea,"Hansays."Itissimilar▶6________thefoam(泡沫)ontopofacupofcoffee,exceptthatitismadeoftearatherthanmilk."

Chineseteaculturestartedtoenjoy7

(popular)duringtheTangDynasty(618-907)andflourishedthroughouttheSongDynasty,8

teahadbecomeanecessityforalmosteveryone,fromnoblesandscholarstocommonpeople,justlikeotherimportantitems,suchasrice,oilandsalt,assuggestedbySongpoliticianandthinkerWangAnshi.

9

(total)differentfromthemethodofbrewingteaduringtheTangperiod,intheSongDynasty,thepopularwayofhavingteawasthroughdian

cha.Theactionofpouringhotwateroverfinepowderedteaiscalleddian,hencethenamedian

cha,which10

(list)asanintangibleculturalheritageofRunzhouDistrict,Zhenj