2022-2023学年上海市高二年级上学期期末英语复习模拟卷03

2022-2023学年上海市高二年级上学期期末英语复习模拟卷03学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________评卷人得分一、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ArePeopleUnique?Aconsiderablenumberofpeopleconsiderotherspeciesoneartharesomehowinferiortous.Throughoutthehistory,ithasalwaysbeenhumanbeings’pride____1____wearetheonlyspeciesonthePlanetthatcanspeakandthink.However,recentresearchcastsdoubtonthatcommonbelief.Zuberbuhler,apsychologistatSt.AndrewsUniversity,andhiscolleaguesrecordedthousandsofcallsmadebyDiana’smonkeysandnoticedthatthemonkeysadaptedtheircallstochangethemeaning____2____(warn)oneanotheraboutdifferentsituations.Forexample,theymadeakrackalarmcallatthesightoftiger.However,whentheymerelyrepeatedcallsmadebyothermonkeystheyaddedan“oo”.Theresearchersfoundthatthesamecalls____3____(recognize)byotherspecies,likeCampbell’smonkeys.“Sotheyarecommunicatingacrossspecies.Andsincethenwehavefoundthathornbillbirdscanunderstandthesecallsandtheytoocanunderstandallthedifferentmeanings.”saidZuberbuhler.____4____isalsosurprisingisthatsignsofintelligencehavebeenfoundinbirds,____5____smallbrainswerelongassumedtobeacompletebarriertointelligence.However,allthatischangingfast.AfewyearsagoIrenePepperbergoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologytaughtaparrottorecognizeandcountuptosixobjects,____6____couldn’thavebeenachievedifbirdswereunabletomemorizethings.Lastyear,thatwastoppedbyAlexKacelnik,aprofessorofbehavioralecologyatOxford,whodiscoveredthatcrows(G49)arecapableofusingtoolsoncomplexorders.Thiswasthefirsttimethatsuchbehaviour____7____(observe)innon-humans.Inanexperimentsevencrowssuccessfullygrabbedapieceoffood____8____(place)outofreachusingthreedifferentlengthsofstick.Crucially,theywereabletocompletethetaskwithoutanyspecialtraining,____9____(suggest)thebirdswerecapableofalevelofabstractreasoningnormallyassociatedonlywithhumans.Allthisispowerfulevidence____10____theideathatpeopleareunique.评卷人得分二、词汇填空Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．timidity

B．refused

C．set

D．episode

E.effect

F.sufferedG.amazed

H.educational

I.brief

J.unteachable

K.performedAnExperimentinEducationThebestprogrammeonTVlastnightwasthefirstepisodeofanewseriesabouteducation,anditwas____11____onafarm.Butthisfarmisnotforanimalsit’sforchildren.Thefarmhasbeenconvertedintoaschoolforoneclassofdifficultstudents.Andit’sthejobofonemantotryandteachthesestudentssomethinginthetwoweekstheyarethere.Theclassisagroupof16boysandgirlsaged13and14,whohaveallbeenexpelled(被逐)fromschoolsatleastonce.Theirpreviousteacherssaidthattheywere“____12____”andjudgingbytheirbehaviorintheprogrammelastnight,itisn’thardtoseewhy.Theteacherwhohastodealwiththisclassis40-year-oldPhilipBeadle.Beforeworkingineducation,Mr.Beadleplayedinarockband.Hegaveupmusiceightyearsagotobecometeacher.Athisfirstschool,hehelpedstudentswho____13____learningdifficultiestogetthebestEnglishmarkstheschoolhadeverseen.Asaresult,hewasmadeSchoolteacheroftheYear.Intheprogrammelastnight,wesawthestudentshavetheirfirstlessonwithMr.Beadle.Hestartedbyplayingagame,whereheandthestudentspointedateachotherandsaidsomethingfunnyabouttheotherperson.Thismightnotsoundvery____14____butitcaughteveryone’sattention.AfterthatMr.BeadletookhisclassoutsideforanEnglishlesson.Attheirpreviousschools,mostofthesestudents____15____toreadinfrontoftheirclassmates,soMr.Beadletookthemtoafiledtoreadtosomecowstoovercome____16____.Eachstudentreada(n)____17____quotefromaShakespeareplaytothemandthestudentsseemedtoenjoyit.Inthenextscene,Mr.Beadletookthemtoanotherfieldtoteachthembasicpunctuation.Hedidthisthroughanothergamewhereheaskedthestudentstojumparoundclaptheirhandsandshout.“questionmark!”and“semicolon!”Everyoneseemedtoenjoythisstrangewayoflearning.Bytheendofthe____18____thestudentswereindeedstartingtoaccepttheirnewteacher.Someofthemevensaidhewas“allright”.Ireallyenjoyedthisshowbecausetheteacherhadsuchapositive____19____onthestudents.If,likeme,youare____20____bythisexperimentineducation,youwillwanttothewholeseries.Personally,Ican’twaittoseewhathappensnext!评卷人得分三、完形填空Inthecollegeadmissionswar,weparentsarethetruefighters.We’repushingourkidstogetgoodgrades,takeSATpreparatorycoursesandbuildresumessotheycangetintothecollegeoftheirfirstchoice.I’vetwicebeentothewars,andasIsurveythebattlefield,somethingdifferentishappening.Weseeourkids’collegebackgroundasa___21___demonstratinghowwellwe’veraisedthem.Butweare___22___toacknowledgethatourobsessionismoreaboutusthanthem.Sowe’vecomeupwithvarious___23___thatturnouttobehalf-truth’sprejudicesormyths.Itactuallydoesn’tmattermuchwhetherAaronandNicolegotoStanford.Wehaveafull-blownprestige(声望)panic:weworrythattherewon’tbeenoughprizestogoaround.___24___parentsurgetheirchildrentoapplytomoreschoolsthanever.Behindthehysteriaisthebeliefthatscarceelitedegreesmustbehighlyvaluable.Theirgraduatesmustenjoymoresuccessbecausetheygetabettereducationanddevelopbettercontacts.Allthatis___25___andmostlywrong.Wehaven’tfoundanyconvincingevidencethatselectivityorprestigematters.Selectiveschoolsdon’tsystematicallyemploybetter___26___approachesthanlessselectiveschools.Ontwomeasures-professors’feedbackandthenumberofessayexams-selectiveschoolsdoslightlyworse.Bysomestudies,selectiveschoolsdo___27___theirgraduates’lifetimeearnings.Thegainisconsideredat2-4%forevery100-pointincreaseinaschool’saverageSATscores.Buteventhisadvantageisprobablyastatisticalcoincidence.___28___,awell-knownstudyexaminedstudentswhogotintohighlyselectiveschoolsandthenwentelsewhere.Theyearnedjustasmuchasgraduatesfromhigher-statusschools.___29___countmorethancolleges.GettingintoYalemay____30____intelligence,talentandambition.Butit’snottheonlyindicatorandits____31____isdeclining.Thereason:somanysimilarpeoplegoelsewhere.Gettingintocollegeisnotlife’sonlycompetition.Inthenextcompetition-thejobmarketandgraduateschool-the____32____maychange.Old-boynetworksarebreakingdown.PrincetoneconomistAlanKruegerstudiedadmissionstoonetopPh.D．program.HighscoresontheGREhelpedexplainwhogotin;degreesfromprestigiousuniversitiesdidn’t.So,parents,____33____.Theriskshavebeenvastlyexaggerated.Uptoapoint,wecanrationalizeourpushiness.Americaisa____34____society;ourkidsneedtoadjusttothat.Buttoomuchpushinesscanbedestructive.TheveryambitionweimposeonourchildrenmaygetsomeintoHarvardbutmayalsosetthemupfor____35____.Onestudyfoundthatallthingsbeingequal,graduatesofhighlyselectiveschoolsexperiencedmorejobdissatisfaction.Theymayhavebeensoconditionedtobeingontopthatanythinglessdisappointing.21．A．prize B．potential C．degree D．surprise22．A．ready B．reluctant C．anxious D．proud23．A．possibilities B．advantages C．promises D．excuses24．A．Ambitious B．Pleased C．Helpful D．Fearful25．A．acceptable B．complicated C．questionable D．terrifying26．A．investigative B．instructional C．psychological D．scientific27．A．enhance B．define C．guarantee D．overestimate28．A．Inaddition B．Forexample C．Onthecontrary D．Asaresult29．A．Families B．Abilities C．Connections D．Environments30．A．produce B．demand C．represent D．polish31．A．requirement B．significance C．challenge D．reputation32．A．conflicts B．targets C．results D．contacts33．A．lightenup B．stayback C．holdon D．carryon34．A．democratic B．competitive C．diverse D．mobile35．A．embarrassment B．failure C．inferiority D．disappointment评卷人得分四、阅读理解 AIt’snotalwayseasyforwealthypeopletodecidewho(orwhat)toleavetheirmoneytowhentheydieandquiteafewofthemmakesomeveryunusualchoices.Duetohervastwealth,NewYorkhotelierLeonaHeimsleywasabletoleave$12mtoherdog,Trouble.Themoneyforthedog’swelfarewasleftinthehandsofLeona’sbrother,AlvinRosenthal.Healsoinheritedmoneyfromhissister,butamazinglyhereceived$2mlessthanthedog!Leonaisn’tanexception.AccordingtotheMailOnlinenewspaper,thereareroughly1.5millionpeopleintheUKalongwhoplantoleavemoneytotheirpets.However,thereareotherextremelyrichpeoplewhohaveverydifferentideasaboutwhotheyshouldleavetheirmoneyto.BillGates,co-founderofMicrosoft,isrumouredtobeworthover$54bandhe’sdecidedtoleavethevastmajorityofthisfortunetocharitablecauses.Ofcourse,likemostotherparents,hecouldhavechosentoleavehismoneytohischildren,buthehasn’t.Whentalkingabouthischildren’sinheritancehesaid,“Itwillbeaminusculeportionofmywealth.Itwillmeantheyhavetofindtheirownway.Theywillbegivenanunbelievableeducationandthatwillbepaidfor.Andcertainlyanythingrelatedtohealthissueswewilltakecareof.Butintermsoftheirincome,theywillhavetopickajobtheylikeandgotowork.AnitaRoddick(1942-2007),founderofTheBodyShop,alsodecidedthatshedidn’tneedtoleavehermoneytohertwodaughtersbecausetheywouldbefinewithoutit.Shefeltthereweretoomanypeopleintheworldwhohadnothingandwhoneededthismoneyfarmorethantheydid.Sheoncetoldreportersthatshewasenjoyinghermoneybecausewhenevershewantedto,shecouldgiveawaymillionsofpoundstohumanrightsandenvironmentalgroups.Herfortunewassaidtobesomewhereintheregionof$50m.Somepeoplethoughtsheshouldhaveleftatleastsomeofthatmoneytoherchildren—sheneedn’thavegivenitallaway.Butthat’sjustwhatshedid.”Itoldmykidstheywouldnotinheritonepenny,“shesaid,andtotheirgreatcreditAnita’sdaughterssupportedtheirmother’sdecision.Manypeoplewouldhavereactedverydifferently.36．Thewritermentions1.5millionpeopleintheUK(paragraph2)toshowthat________.A．thepopulationoftheUKissmallerthanothercountries’B．petsintheUKareluckierthanthoseinotherplacesC．whatLeonaHelmsleydidwasnotararecaseD．richpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutmoney37．Theword“minuscule”(paragraph3)isclosestinmeaningto________.A．important B．unusual C．huge D．tiny38．BillGatesandAnitaRod-dickaresimilarin________.A．thewaytheydealwiththeirmoney B．whattheirchildrenthinkofthemC．theideatheyhaveoftheworld D．howtheymadeafortune39．Thebesttitleofthepassagemightbe________.A．Moneyforchildren B．RichbutnotgenerousC．Youcan’ttakeitwithyou D．Wealthypeople,strangehobbiesBPersonalRobotMakeyourparentsandteachershappy!Areyouhavingproblemsfinishyourhomeworkontime?Doyouavoidtidyingyourroomuntilyourmomshoutsatyou?Youdon’tneedtoworryifyoubuyaMr.HelpingHandpersonalrobot.Mr.Hcanbeprogrammedtoorganizeyourhomework.Yourownpersonalrobotwillfollowyouaround,puttingawaybooksandobjectsthatyouhaveleftonthefloororbed.Mr.Halsohasthesefeatures:weightsonly500gramsincludeslong-lastingbatteriescomeswitha5-yearguaranteerememberssimpleinstructionsOriginallysoldfor$499NOWONLY$299BUYNOWWATCHCONTROLThisisawatchthatJamesBondwouldbeproudtowear!ThisisNOTawatchforordinarypeople!YourelectronicPENGOWATCHCONTROL

actsasaremotecontrolforTVsandvideos

givesyouadailyweatherforecast

remindsyouwhentohandinyourhomework

setsoffasilentwarningalarmwhenparentsorteachersarenearBesides,yourPENGOWATCHCONTROLwillalwaystellyouthetimeaccurately!Originallysoldfor$199NOWONLY$99Forfurtherinformation,clickhere.40．WithhelpfromaMr.H,youcan________.A．stopusingbatteries B．finishyourhomeworkontimeC．rememberyourteacher’sinstructions D．getyourroomtidiedonyourwayhome41．APENGOWATCHCONTROLcanhelpyouto________.A．repairyourTV B．organizeyourhomeworkC．beaJamesBond D．knowwhattheweatherislike42．Wherewouldyoubemostlikelytofindthetwotexts?A．Onanoticeboard. B．Inacompanyintroductionbook.C．Onateenagewebsite D．Inacollegenewspaper.CArtificialintelligenceorAIiscalledartificialforagoodreason.Facebookmadethatpointlastweekbyendingitsattempttorelyheavilyonsoftwarealgorithmstoselectnewsitemsforits2billionusers.ItannouncedonJan.19thattheFacebookcommunitywillbeaskedtoranknewsoutletsbytheirtrustworthiness.“Thisreaderfeedbackwillpromotehighqualitynewsthathelpsbuildasenseofcommongroundinaworldwithsomuchdivision”,saidchiefexecutiveMarkZuckerberg.ThefirstsurveyshavestartedintheUnitedStatesandwillsoonexpandtoothercountries.Thecompanyplanstoincludethelocalnewsoutletsofusersinitssurveys.Likemanydigitalplatformsthatactasnewsproviders,Facebookhadgreatfaithinabeliefthatprogrammedelectronsincomputerserverscandiscernqualitiesofthoughtsuchastrust,fairnessandhonesty.Eveninrespectednewsrooms,however,thesetraitsofcharacterrequireconstantupkeepamongjournalistsandfeedbackfrompayingcustomers.Goodjudgmentonnewsreliesonordersofconsciousnessbeyondwhatamachinecando.Ratherthanmovetowardbecomingahands-ongatekeeperofnews,Facebooknowhopesits“diverseandrepresentative”samplingofuserscanleadtoarankingofnewsoutletsandthatwouldbringameasureofobjectivityinitsnewsfeed.Thecompanymaybeinthenewsbusiness,butithaschosentooutsourcenewscredibilitytothecollectivewisdomofindividualsandtheirabilitytodistinguishtruthfromfalsehood.Byplacingitstrustinpeopleasseekersoftruth,Facebookcouldearngreatertrustfromitsusers.Thisisalsoalessonformanycompaniesespeciallydigitalplatformsorthoseinthemediabusiness.AccordingtothelatestsurveyoftrustininstitutionsworldwidebyEdelmancommunicationsfirm,“mediahasbecometheleast-trustedinstitutionforthefirsttimemoresothanotherbusinessesorgovernment”.“Inparticular,theUSisenduringanunprecedentedcrisisoftrustamongmanyof.itsinstitutions”,saysRichardEdelman,presidentandCEOofEdelman.“Therootcauseofthisfallisthelackofobjectivefactsandrationaldiscourse”,headds.Facebook’sshiftawayfromcomputer-drivennewsselectionisawelcomesteptowardrestoringtrustintheoverallbusinessofnews.Thisisnotanewproblem.“Nothingcannowbebelievedwhichisseeninanewspaper”,wroteThomasJeffersonin1807.YettheDigitalAgehasforcedtheissueoftrustfornewsproviders.Byinvitingreaderstoparticipateinsolvingthisproblem,Facebookhasitselfsetanewbarforearningtrust.43．AccordingtoParagraph4,Facebookhopesto_______.A．measuretheobjectivityofnewsfeedonitsownB．improveitsabilitytotelltruthfromfalsehoodC．shedofftheresponsibilityofanewsproviderD．entrustnewscredibilitytoitsmassiveusers44．Inthelastparagraph,ThomasJefferson’swordsarecitedtoindicate_______.A．thepoorqualityofnewspapersnowadaysB．thelong-standingtrustissueinnewsbusinessesC．theproblemsarisingfromFacebook’sshiftD．theissueoftrustintheDigitalAge45．TheauthorholdsthatFacebook’sshiftis_______.A．alessonfornewsprovidersonfilteringnewsB．thecauseofthetrustcrisisacrossbusinessofnewsC．asteptowardrestoringuser’strustinnewsbusinessD．theresultoflackingobjectivefactsandrationaldiscourse46．TowhichofthefollowingwouldMarkZuckerbergmostprobablyagree?A．Commongroundsamongusersarethesourcesofhigh-qualitynews.B．Programmedelectronscanmakegoodjudgmentonnewsquality.C．Computerscannotreplacehumanbeingsinnewsselection.D．Readerfeedbackisnotneededinrespectednewsrooms.评卷人得分五、六选四Whentherearedebatesabouttheworld’stopperformingeducationsystems,thenamesthatusuallygetmentionedaretheAsianpowerhousessuchasSingaporeandSouthKoreaortheNordicknow-alls,suchasFinlandorNorway.Butwithmuchlessrecognition,Canadahasclimbedintothetoptierofinternationalrankings.InthemostrecentroundofinternationalPisetests,Canadawasoneofahandfulofcountriestoappearinthetop10formaths,scienceandreading.Thetests,runbytheOrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD),areamajorstudyofeducationalperformanceandshowCanada’steenagersasamongthebesteducatedintheworld.____47____Atuniversitylevel,Canadahastheworld’shighestproportionofworking-ageadultswhohavebeenthroughhighereducation—55%comparedwithanaverageinOECDcountriesof35%.____48____Thetopperformersareoftencompact(紧凑的)societiesandthecurrenthighestachiever,Singapore,hasbeenseenasamodelofsystematicprogress,witheachpartoftheeducationsystemintegratedintoanoverarchingnationalstrategy.Canadadoesnotevenreallyhaveanationaleducationsystem.ItisbasedonautonomousprovincesanditishardtothinkofabiggercontrastbetweenacitystatesuchasSingaporeandsprawlinglandmasssuchasCanada.TheOECD,tryingtounderstandCanada’ssuccessineducation,describedtheroleofthefederalgovernmentas“limitedandsometimesnon-existent”.____49____AndreasSchleicher,theOECD’seducationdirector,saysCanada’s“bigunitingthemeisequity”.Despitethedifferentpoliciesinindividualprovinces,thereisacommoncommitmenttoanequalchanceinschool.Hesaysthereisastrongsenseoffairnessandequalaccess—andthisisseeninthehighacademicperformanceofmigrantchildren.Withinthreeyearsofarriving,thePisatestsshowthechildrenofnewmigrantshavescoresashighastherestoftheirschoolmates.____50____AnotherdistinguishingfeatureisthatCanada’steachersarewellpaidbyinternationalstandards—andentryintoteachingishighlyselective.A．ItmakesCanadaoneofthefewcountrieswheremigrantchildrenachieveatalevelsimilartotheirnon-migrantcounterparts.B．Canada’ssuccessinschooltestsisalsoveryunusualcomparedwithotherinternationaltrends.C．IsschoolfundinglinkedtoresultsofinternationalPisatests?D．Therehavebeensystematiceffortstoimproveliteracyandtestingandassessmenttoidentifyschoolsorindividualswhoarestruggling.E．SohowhasCanadaovertakensomanyothercountriesineducation?F．TheyarefaraheadofgeographicalneighbourssuchastheUSandEuropeancountrieswithstrongculturaltiesliketheUKandFrance.评卷人得分六、概要写作51．Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.TheProblemofPackagingAlargesourceofrubbishispackagingmaterial.Itoftenmakesupmorethan30percentofthetotal.Tounderstandwhythisistrue,thinkofthepackagingcommonlyusedforasimpleproduct,suchastoothpaste.Thepackagingincludesnotonlythetubeforthetoothpaste,butalsotheboxforthetube.Thisboxisputintoaplasticwrapper.Then,theboxesaretransportedinacardboardcontainer.Mostpackagingmaterialendsupinalandfillafteritisthrownaway.Thoughnecessary,lan