中考英语专项复习-阅读技巧

中考复习---阅读技巧（一）ReadingSkills主旨大意型事实细节型

词义猜测型命题类因此有关阅读理解题目主要有以下几种:推理判断型一、常见题型及解题技巧根据历年来全国各地中考阅读理解题型的分析，将阅读理解题大致归纳为以下四类：〔一〕词、句理解题此题要求考生正确理解短文中的一些关键词语或句子的含义，常用的方法是多种表达法、一词多义法、同义近义或反义提示法、习语释文法及句型转换法等。〔二〕细节理解题一般针对某个特定的细节而提供，难度较小，属表层信息理解，考生通读短文后可直接找出答案依据。〔三〕推理判断题通过字里行间的阅读，作合理的推断。〔四〕归纳概括题此题主要针对文章的主题、中心思想、文章的结构层次〔主题句或主题段〕，要求学生在理解全文后归纳短文要点，概括中心思路。Peoplelovetowatchbeautifulsunriseonthebeachinthemorning.Idisbelieveeverywordyousay.Thefootballteamwastrainedbyaprofessionaltrainer.Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsofmoneyonappliances,forexample,fridges,colorTVsandwashing-machines.Unlikeherpeskysister,Jennyisalovelygirl.IfeeldelightfulbecauseIgotAinmyEnglishexam.Canyouhelpmeguessthemeaningofthesenewwords?Readingskills〔I〕Guessthemeaningofthenewwords.Peoplelovetowatchbeautifulsunriseonthebeachinthemorning.构词法sunrise+=sunrise日出合成法构词法Idisbelieveeverywordyousay.dis+believe=disbelieve不相信前缀法否认前缀构词法Thefootballteamwastrainedbyaprofessionaltrainer.train+er=trainer教练后缀法同义法：举例子Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsofmoneyonappliances,forexample,fridges,colorTVsandwashing-machines.家用电器反义法Unlikeherpeskysister,Jennyisalovelygirl.讨厌的逻辑法IfeeldelightfulbecauseIgotAinmyEnglishexam.快乐的；愉快的ReadingSkill〔Ⅰ〕猜测词义通过构词法猜测词义：前缀、后缀、合成2.通过上下文猜测词义：①同义法〔举例子〕②反义法③逻辑法Readingskills〔II〕Findthedetails(细节)LondonBackpackers

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canborrowYoucanborrowbooks_________.(2013.长沙)A．at3:30pmonSaturdayB．at10:00pmonThursdayC．at10:30amonMondayC找出关键词，仔细比对细节Accordingtothesurveyof2,000Americanonlineshoppers,________peopleshoponlinefrom5pmto8pm(2013.长沙)A．320. B．640. C．800.keywords:peopleshoponlinefrom5pmto8pm2000×32%=640B找出细节中的隐含信息ReadingSkill〔Ⅱ〕细节

根据关键词，找准细节，仔细比对。2.找出细节中的隐含信息。

推理判断题：高考重头戏，20个题中常有6-8个，着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力。以原文内容为前提，据作者的观点理论〔非考生观点〕，客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。推理判断型

透过现象看本质，领悟作者思想倾向、观点、立场、语气及态度等。推理判断型常见的命题方式有：Thepassageimplies(暗示)

that_______.Wecanconclude(得出结论)

fromthepassagethat_____.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferred

(推论)?Whatisthetone(语气)

oftheauthor?Whatisthepurpose(目的)

ofthispassage?Thepassageisintendedto_____.Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?

Readingskills〔Ⅲ〕Getthetheme(主题)ofthepassage1)Whatdoesthewritermainlytellus?2)Whichofthefollowingcansummarizethemainideaofthistext?3)Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea?4)Whichisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?6)What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:What’sthemainideaofthepassage?(2011.长沙)Nevermoveintoanewbuilding.Weshouldn’tbuycheapdesksandchairs.C.Theindoorairpollutionisabigandcommonproblem.Paragraph1------Thisisjustoneexampleofamodernproblemthatismostcommonincities—indoorairpollution

Paragraph2------indoorairpollutionisevenworsethanoutsidepollution.C50.Whichisthebesttitle(标题)forthepassage?(2012.长沙)A.OpinionsAboutThanksgivingB.HowtoEatTurkeyC.HowtoThankOthersWhatdoAmericanchildrenthinkofThanksgiving?Annie’sopinionJeremy’sopinionEleanor’sopinionRyan’sopinionAReadingSkill〔Ⅲ〕把握主旨分清主次，抓住主干，找出主题句。主题句一般出现在段落或文章的开头局部2.弄清文章结构，选出最正确标题。标题是文章中心思想的精炼表达。〔常为一个名词词组〕Readingcanmakeusclosertotheworld