Unit+1+Life+Choices+Topic+Talk+词汇讲解高一上学期英语北师大版（2019）必修第一册

Unit

1

Topic

Talk词汇讲解单词预习检测——英汉互译1.较年长的；地位较高的

adj_____________2.充满压力的；紧张的

adj_____________3.有挑战性的

adj_____________4.不同；相异；有区别

vi_____________5.以前的；先前的

adj_____________6.校园

n

_____________7.日程安排；时刻表

n_____________8.期待；预期；期望

n_____________seniorstressfulchallengingdifferpreviousscheduleexpectationcampus单词预习检测——英汉互译9.自信；信心

n_____________10.章节；重要篇章n_____________11.总而言之_____________12.一套公寓房间；公寓大楼n_____________13.班；轮班

n_____________14.压力

n_____________15.空闲；闲暇；业余时间

n_____________16.恢复过来

v_____________17.伤；损伤

n

_____________confidenceshiftpressureleisurerecoverinjurychapterallinallapartment18.使受伤

v_____________19.不幸地；遗憾地

adv_____________20.幸运地；幸亏

adv_____________21.挑战；具有挑战性的事物

n_____________22.出现；发生；产生

v_____________23.secondaryadj

_________________24.dynamicadj__________________________25.competencen_____________26.competentadj

_____________中等（教育）的充满活力的；精力充沛的能力；胜任单词预习检测——英汉互译arisechallenge有能力的unfortunatelyfortunatelyinjure单词预习检测——英汉互译27.am/a.m./A.M.__________________28.plusadj________________表示加的；正的；有利的；好的上午；午前本单元词汇梳理1.senior/junior：词块：senior/juniorsecondary/highschool2.stressful：词族：stress—stressed—stressful3.challenging：challenge+-ingchallenge：词源义—贬义的挑刺到褒义的挑战；词块：face/meet/risetothechallenge,takeon/takeupthechallenge,solve/overcomethechallenge4.differ：构词法：differ—difference词块：differfrom5.previous：pre-(before在前)+via(road路)；派生词previously词块：previousto6.dynamic：词块：dynamicpersonality/music7.campus：词块oncampus8.schedule：在英式英语中，schedule指工作计划、日程安排，

timetable指时间表、时刻表。

在美式英语中，工作计划、日程安排、时间表、时刻表

都用schedule；词块：aheadof/on/behindschedule；名词动词化：asscheduled，schedulesb/sthtodosth9.expectation：expect+-ation10.confident：词源

con-（together共同）+-fid-（trust信任）+-ent词族：confident—confidently—confidence;词块：beconfidentabout/of/that从句confidence：词块：have/loseconfidenceinsbincrease/buildupone’sconfidence,lack/gainconfidence11.competence：compete—competence12.chapter：隐喻：由具体的篇章到抽象的篇章13.apartment：apartment是美式英语，对应的英式英语是flat14.shift：词块：shiftfrom...to,day/nightshift15.pressure：press+-ure词块：bloodpressure,underpressure,putpressureonsb16.leisure：词块：leisuretime/activities17.recover：re-(back/away

再，重新)

+cover-(=cup-抓住，得到)

→重新获得；派生词recovery词块：recoverfrom

熟词生义：弥补；复苏；找回re-前缀：表示again：remind,revise,repeat,review表示back/away：recover,remove,reduce,return18.injury：词族：injure—injured—injury

词块：suffer(from)aninjury,ahead/leg/kneeinjury,personalinjury19.plus：反义词minus；熟词生义：优点

词块：ontheplusside20.unfortunately：un-+fortunate+-ly

同义词unluckily，反义词fortunately/luckily

词族：fortune—fortunate—fortunately—unfortunate—unfortunately

句子副词

21.arise：a-(向上)

+rise(升起)词块：arisefromconfidence&confident英语释义recover一词多义英语释义challenge搭配义重难点词精讲schedule搭配义许多与书写有关的词往往可以追溯到用以涂写最早文字符号的树皮和树叶，或凿刻最早文字符号的石头，如paper（纸）原指“纸莎草”。schedule一词的来源可追溯到拉丁词scheda，表示“纸莎草的叶子”。从scheda衍生出指小词sceduala“smallpieceofpaper”（小张纸）。15世纪初scedula通过法语cedule进入英语后，其拼写逐渐演变为schedule，词义也由小纸条引申词义便笺，便条，日程表等。到了19世纪schedule已获得了今天还在使用的一些词义，如“一览表”“时间表”“时刻表”“计划表”等。schedule词源解读n[C]&[U]日程安排；时刻表aplanofthingsthatwillhappenorofworkthatmustbedone(timetable)：aclass/trainscheduleThemajorityofholidayflightsdepartandarriveonschedule.Thankstoyourhelp,weaccomplishedthetaskaheadofschedule.Thetunnelprojecthasalreadyfallenbehindschedule.schedulevt［常用于被动语态］安排；将……列入进度表toplanthatsthwillhappenataparticulartime：Asscheduled,wehaveEnglishTalentShowtoday.2014陕西书面表达①schedulesth(forsth):Thesummersaleisscheduledfortomorrow.②schedulesb/sthtodosth:ThetripisscheduledtostartonDecember21inNewYorkCity.2017全国confident&confidence乐观是带你走向成功的信念。没有希望和信心，人什么也做不到。 ——海伦

凯勒海伦·凯勒（HelenKeller）出生后十九个月大时因病被夺去视力和听力。她活到88岁，却有87年生活在无光、无声的世界里。在此时间里，她先后完成了14本著作。其中最著名的有：《假如给我三天光明》（ThreeDaystoSee）、《我的生活故事》（TheStoryofMyLife）、《石墙故事》（TheSongOfTheStoneWall）。她致力于为残疾人造福，建立了许多慈善机构，1964年荣获“总统自由勋章（PresidentialMedaloffreedom）”，次年入选美国《时代周刊（Time）》评选的“二十世纪美国十大偶像”之一。confidence词源

con(com)+

-fid

(fidere)+encetogether+totrust

信赖；信任trustorstrongbeliefinsb/sthelse：confidencen[U]相信别人have/loseconfidenceinsb(a)lackofconfidenceinsb/sthgain/win/earnsb’sconfidence

自信；信心thefeelingthatyou’resureaboutyourownabilities,opinions,etc.：IgainedsomuchconfidencethatIwentbacktoschoolasanewperson.increase/buildupone’sconfidenceNaturally,shypeoplemightnothaveenoughconfidencetostartupconversationswithstrangers.

确信；把握thefeelingthatsthwillhappenoristrue：Wehavefullconfidencethatweshallsucceed.相信自己相信事情会发生

有信心的；自信的：confident

adj

[不用于名词前]确信的；有把握的：①(be)confidentaboutsth:相信自己对某事有信心aconfidentsmileIfeelconfidentabouttheinterview.②(be)confidentof(doing)sth:Weareconfidentofoursuccess.③(be)confident+that从句：Weareconfidentthattheenvironmentwillbeimprovedbyourfurtherefforts.【拓展】confidently

adv自信地；确信地

confidential

adj机密的；机要的recoverv

vt

(意识、知觉等)恢复

togetbacktheuseofyoursenses,controlofyouremotion,etc.：Ittookherafewminutestorecoverconsciousness.

vi(从疾病或病态等中)恢复过来togetwellagainafterbeingill,hurt,etc.;toreturntoanormalstate：Theeconomyisatlastbeginningtorecover.HowcanLindarecoverfromherillnessinthisroomwhenit’ssodirtyanddusty?

vt重新获得tofindorgetbacksththatwaslostorstolen：Policehaverecoveredthestolencar.Weworkedhardtorecoverthelosttime.recover的词源义是“comeback,return;regainhealth;getagain”，它的基本义——重新获得“getagain(regain)”recover语义网络图“重新获得”意识/能力等“重新获得”健康/状态“重新获得”物品(意识、知觉等)恢复(从疾病或病态等中)恢复过来重新获得重新获得re-+cover

词汇拓展►

recovery

n[C]&[U]痊愈；重获；复苏:Hehasmadeafullrecoveryfromhisoperation.2014四川改aneconomicrecovery身边的challenge在美国，如果开车开到罚单，但是觉得罚单开的不合理，可以向法庭申诉。“YourHonor,Iwanttochallengetheticket.阁下，我对这张罚单有异议。”是法庭上类似案件的常用语。网球比赛中，运动员要求鹰眼回放会说“challenge”，主裁要根据运动员挑战的线做出呼报“Ms.Zhouischallengingthecallontheright/left/BaseLine,theballwascalledIN/OUT”。回放以后，主裁会宣布运动员还有几次挑战机会“Ms.Zhouhastwo

challengesremaining”

2014年由美国波士顿学院(BOSTONCOLLEGE)前棒球选手发起的ALS冰桶挑战赛

(IceBucketChallenge)

风靡全球。各界知名人士纷纷湿身挑战，旨在唤起公众对于“渐冻症”(肌萎缩侧索硬化症，ALS)的关注。其中，“挑战”是challenge的常用义。challenge■

vt

向……挑战；邀请……比赛：challengesb(tosth):Ichallengedhimtoagameofchess.

对……质疑toquestionwhethersthisright,legal,etc.：challengeaview

考验……的能力totestsb’sabilityandskills：Thejobdoesn’treallychallengeher.■n[C]&[U]挑战；具有挑战性的事情

enjoy/welcome

accept/takeon/takeup

mount

throwdownovercome/solve

发起挑战

下战书战胜挑战

面临挑战

迎接挑战facemeet/riseto

喜欢挑战

接受挑战challenge

challenging

adj

有挑战性的Challengingastheactivitywas,everyoneenjoyeditandalltheparticipantsbenefitedalotfromit.2020山东写作方向：Inthecomingthreeyears,ourschoollifewillbedifficult.challenging的语用输出价值很高challenging随堂检测schedule1.Ineedtomakeaworkable______________（时间表）.2.IwentbacktotheUKearlierthan___________________（原计划）.（2016全国改）3.Wemakeeveryefforttoensuretrainsrun___________________（按时）.（2020全国改）一、根据所给汉语提示完成下列句子。scheduleoriginallyscheduledasscheduled1.Havingworkedfortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreport_______________schedule.（2015天津）2.Thetrip_______________(schedule)tostartonDecember21inNewYorkCityandcontinueontoMilan,ParisandBangkok.（2017全国改）二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。isscheduledonconfident&confidence1.Everyday,you’lllearnsomenewEnglishvocabulary,idiomsandphrasalverbs.Andyou’llfeelmoreconfident__________________workingandmakingfriendsinEnglish.(2010

湖北)

2.It’simportantthatchildrenlearntoread_________confidence.3.Onceyouareconfident_________yourpoweroverbadsituations,problemsarejuststeppingstonestosuccess.(2010

广东)

4.Thelittlegirlwalked___________(confident)ontothestage,readyforherfirstspeech.(2012

陕西)

aboutin/of/aboutconfidentlywith一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.____________________________________________________________________________________________（自信)willhelpyoumakebetterchoicesbecauseyoucanseewhatthebestoutcomewouldbeforyourwell-being.（2015全国）2.____________________________________(我们相信)theenvironmentwillbeimprovedbyourfurthereffortstoreducepollution.（2013

辽宁）self-confident/Beingconfidentinyourself二、根据汉语提示完成下列句子。Weareconfident/WehaveconfidencethatHavingconfidenceinyourself/Havingself-confidence/Being一、写出下列句子中recover的汉语释义。1.Oncethedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.(