英语：被动语态和双宾语结构

英语：被动语态和双宾语结构英语：被动语态和双宾语结构知识点：英语被动语态和双宾语结构一、被动语态1.定义：被动语态是英语中的一种特殊语态，用来表示动作的承受者是句子的主语。2.构成：被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。3.常见助动词：am,is,are,was,were,havebeen,hasbeen,hadbeen等。4.被动语态的时态变化：根据句子主语的人称和数，选择相应的助动词形式。5.被动语态的否定形式：在被动语态的构成基础上，加入not。6.被动语态的疑问形式：在被动语态的构成基础上，将助动词提前。二、双宾语结构1.定义：双宾语结构是指一个及物动词后面跟有两个宾语，其中一个是直接宾语，表示动作的承受者；另一个是间接宾语，表示间接受益者。2.构成：双宾语结构由“及物动词+直接宾语+间接宾语”构成。a)简单双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语之间没有关系。b)复合双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语之间有逻辑关系。4.常见双宾语动词：give,send,bring,take,show,tell,buy,sell等。5.双宾语结构的否定形式：在及物动词前加not。6.双宾语结构的疑问形式：将及物动词提前。三、被动语态和双宾语结构的区别与联系a)被动语态表示动作的承受者是主语，而双宾语结构表示动作的承受者和间接受益者。b)被动语态中，动作的执行者通常作为状语出现；而双宾语结构中，动作的执行者不作为状语。2.联系：在某些情况下，被动语态和双宾语结构可以互相转换。四、练习与运用1.转换句子：将主动语态句子转换为被动语态，或将双宾语结构句子进行调整。2.运用被动语态和双宾语结构进行句子创作，提高语言表达能力和句子丰富度。3.分析教材中的例句，理解被动语态和双宾语结构的运用。4.结合课后练习，巩固被动语态和双宾语结构的知识。通过以上知识点的学习和练习，学生可以更好地理解和运用英语被动语态和双宾语结构，提高英语写作和口语表达能力。习题及方法：一、被动语态习题1.习题：TomcatsweredomesticatedbyEgyptians.解题思路：将主动语态句子转换为被动语态。答案：TomcatsweredomesticatedbyEgyptians.2.习题：Thehousewasbuiltbymyfather.解题思路：将主动语态句子转换为被动语态。答案：Thehousewasbuiltbymyfather.3.习题：Sheiscleaningtheclassroom.解题思路：将主动语态句子转换为被动语态。答案：Theclassroomisbeingcleanedbyher.4.习题：Theyarepaintingthewall.解题思路：将主动语态句子转换为被动语态。答案：Thewallisbeingpaintedbythem.5.习题：ThebookwaswrittenbyShakespeare.解题思路：将主动语态句子转换为被动语态。答案：ThebookwaswrittenbyShakespeare.6.习题：Thecakewasbakedbymymother.解题思路：将主动语态句子转换为被动语态。答案：Thecakewasbakedbymymother.二、双宾语结构习题7.习题：Shegavemeabook.解题思路：将主动语态句子转换为双宾语结构。答案：Shegaveabooktome.8.习题：Heboughtacarforhiswife.解题思路：将主动语态句子转换为双宾语结构。答案：Heboughtacarforhiswife.9.习题：Theybuiltahouseonthehill.解题思路：将主动语态句子转换为双宾语结构。答案：Theybuiltahouseforthemselvesonthehill.10.习题：Isawanoldfriendinthestreet.解题思路：将主动语态句子转换为双宾语结构。答案：Isawanoldfriendofmineinthestreet.11.习题：ShetaughthimEnglish.解题思路：将主动语态句子转换为双宾语结构。答案：ShetaughtEnglishtohim.12.习题：Theysentletterstoallthestudents.解题思路：将主动语态句子转换为双宾语结构。答案：Theysentletterstoallthestudents.通过以上习题的练习，学生可以更好地理解和运用英语被动语态和双宾语结构，提高英语写作和口语表达能力。其他相关知识及习题：一、主动语态与被动语态的转换1.习题：Convertthefollowingactivesentencestopassivesentences.a)Icookeddinner.b)Youarewashingthecar.c)Theybuiltaplayground.解题思路：Identifythesubjectperformingtheaction,andreplaceitwiththeobjectreceivingtheaction.Changetheverbtoitspastparticipleform,andusetheappropriatehelpingverb(am,is,are,was,were,havebeen,hasbeen,hadbeen).a)Dinnerwascookedbyme.b)Thecarisbeingwashedbyyou.c)Aplaygroundwasbuiltbythem.2.习题：Convertthefollowingpassivesentencestoactivesentences.a)Thecakewasbakedbymymother.b)Thereportwaswrittenbyhim.c)Thewindowwasbrokenbytheball.解题思路：Identifythesubjectreceivingtheaction,andreplaceitwiththeobjectperformingtheaction.Changetheverbtoitsactiveform.a)Mymotherbakedthecake.b)Hewrotethereport.c)Theballbrokethewindow.二、及物动词与双宾语结构3.习题：Identifythedirectandindirectobjectsinthefollowingsentences.a)Sheboughtagiftforherfriend.b)Hesentalettertohisparents.c)Ibroughtabooktothelibrary.解题思路：Thedirectobjectistherecipientoftheaction,andtheindirectobjectisthebeneficiaryorrecipientoftheaction.a)Directobject:gift;Indirectobject:herfriendb)Directobject:letter;Indirectobject:hisparentsc)Directobject:book;Indirectobject:thelibrary4.习题：Rewritethefollowingsentencesusingthedoubleobjectstructure.a)Igavetheballtohim.b)Shepaintedthepictureforherteacher.c)Theybuiltthehouseonthehill.解题思路：Placetheindirectobjectbetweentheverbandthedirectobject.a)Igavetheballtohim.b)Shepaintedthepictureforherteacher.c)Theybuiltthehouseonthehill.三、动词的语态和宾语类型5.习题：Identifythetypeofverbandthenumberofobjectsinthefollowingsentences.a)Thecatchasedthemouse.b)Thebooksweregiventothestudents.c)Heislookingforhiskeys.解题思路：Determineiftheverbistransitive(requiringadirectobject)orintransitive(notrequiringadirectobject),andcountthenumberofobjectsinthesentence.a)Transitiveverb,oneobjectb)Passiveverb,twoobjectsc)Intransitiveverb,noobjects6.习题：Choosethecorrectformoftheverbandcompletethesentences.a)Mybrother___(eat)breakfast.b)Theflowers___(water)bythegardener.c)Thechildren___(play)inthepark.解题思路：Identifythesubjectandthetenseneeded,thenselectthecorrectformoftheverb