北师大版初三英语第10讲：unit-5-语法篇(教师版)

Unit5语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________理解并掌握定语从句的用法定语从句一、定语从句相关概念定语：定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的词。定语从句：复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，在句中作定语。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词包括：who,whom,which,that,whose,as;关系副词包括；when,where,why。二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who

指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：

The

boys

who

are

playing

football

are

from

Class

One.

正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。

2.whom

指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。例如：

Mr

Liu

is

the

person

(

whom

)

you

talked

about

on

the

bus.

刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。3.which

指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。例如：The

factory

which

makes

computers

is

far

away

from

here.

制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。

Football

is

a

game

which

is

liked

by

most

boys.

足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。4.that

指人时，相当于who

或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。

The

number

of

people

that

/

who

come

to

visit

this

city

each

year

reaches

one

million.

每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。Where

is

the

man

that

/

whom

I

saw

this

morning?

我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？

The

factory

that

/which

Iworkedtenyearsago

isrebuilt.

我十年前工作的那个工厂被重建了。5.whose

通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。可翻译成“的”。He

has

a

friend

whose

father

is

a

doctor.

他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。

I

visited

a

scientist

whose

name

is

known

all

over

the

country.

我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。三、关系副词引导的定语从句1.when指时间，在定语从句做时间状语也可做连接词用。例如：I

still

remember

the

day

when

I

first

came

to

this

school.

我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。2.where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语。例如：Shanghai

is

the

city

where

I

was

born.

上海是我出生的城市。3.why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语，用在reason后面。例如：Please

tell

me

the

reason

why

you

missed

the

plane.

请告诉我你误机的原因。四、需要注意的问题只用that的定语从句1.先行词是all,much,few,little,everything,anything,nothing等不定代词时，定语从句用that引导，例如：Isthereanythingthatyouwanttobuy?有你想要买的东西吗？2.先行词被all,few,little,much,every,some,no等词修饰或被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等限定词修饰时，定语从句用that引导，例如：TheseareallthepicturesthatIhaveseen.这些都是我见过的图片。3.先行词既有人，又有物时，定语从句用that引导，例如：Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthethingsandthepersonsthattheycouldremember.我父亲和他的老师谈论了许多他们能记得的人和事。4.关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，例如：Ourschoolisnottheonethatisusedtobe.我们的学校不是以前那个样子了。5.先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，例如：ThisisthebestEnglishfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这是我曾经看过的最好英语电影。how,what引导的感叹句1.How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！例如：Howcleveraboyheis!他是多么聪明男孩啊！2.Whata/an+adj+可数名词单数+(主语+谓语)！/What+adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词，例如：Whatacleverboy(heis)!他是多么聪明的一个男孩啊！Whatbadweather(itis)!多么糟糕的天气啊！1.Yesterdaywasmybirthday.MyfriendsentmeaCD_________ismadebyHanGeng.A.who B.what C.which D.whom2.Doyoubelieveeverything______isinhisbook?No,notreally.Ionlybelievesomething______hesays.A.which;whichB.that;thatC./;/D.that;who3.DoyouknowDengZiqi_____singsthesongPaoMo?A.whoB.whom C.whichD.when4.Ourteamhaswonthefirstprizeinthesoccergames.Congratulations!______teamyouare!A.HowgreatB.Whatagreat C.Whatgreat D.Howagreat5.ThepassengershipEasternStarcapsized(倾覆)intheYangzeRiverontheeveningofJune1st.______badnews!Canwedoanythingontheeveningtohelpwiththerescue(救援)?A.Whata B.What C.Howa D.How解析：先行词为“aCD”为物，定语从句中缺少主语，用which引导，故选C。2.上文先行词为“everything”，下文先行词为“something”，都是不定代词，需用that引导定语从句，故选B。3.先行词为DengZiqi，并且定语从句缺少主语，应该用who,故选A。4.上文句意为“在足球比赛中，我们的球队获得了第一名。”下文句意为“祝贺你们，你们的球队是多么棒的球队！”感叹句How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语;Whata/an+adj+可数名词单数+(主语+谓语)！team可数名词单数，故选B。5.news为不可数名词，句型为“What+adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词”，故选B。答案：1-5CBABB基础演练用适当的关系词填空Theroom_______hastwowindowsisouroffice.Iwanttoknowtheday_____Shanghaiwasliberated.Isthatthepark______theyhaveeverbeen?Themuseum______wevisitedyesterdayisnotfarfromhere.Canyoutellmethereason_____itissohottoday?Edisonwasthegreatinventor_____fameisworldwide.Anyone______hasaquestionpleasecomehere.Heisthemostboringspeaker______Ihaveevermet.Idon’tliketheway_____youspeaktome.Doyouknowtheyounglady______yourmotheristalking?巩固提高一、根据中文提示完成句子（每空一词）昨天睡觉前我忘记关灯了。I_____________________________beforeIfellasleepyesterday.2.今天早晨我上学迟到了。I_________________________________thismorning.她决定在聚会中好好玩。Shedecidedto__________________attheparty.我的父母经常为一些小事争吵。Myparentsoften__________________smallthings.如果你失败了，千万别忘了汲取教训。Ifyoufail,don’t___________________________________.6.我忘了他的电话号码了，但是也许我一会儿就想起来了。I’veforgottenhertelephonenumber,butmaybeit_______________________later.7.他的心脏病发作可能和去年的车祸有关。Theheartattackcouldbe_____________hiscarcrashlastyear.8.我不知道妈妈去哪了。________________________wheremymumhasgone.二、请找出下列句子中的错误并加以改正1.Thisisthefactorywherewevisitedlastweek.2.ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveevenseen.3.MyfatherandMr.Smithtalkedaboutthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedinthecountry.4.Thosewhowantstogowithmeputupyourhands.5.Iwillneverforgetthedayswhichwehadagoodtimetogetheratthesea.答案基础演练用适当的关系词填空1.which 2.when3.where4.which5.Why6.whose7.that8.that9.that10.whom巩固提高一、根据中文提示完成句子（每空一词）forgottoturnoffwaslateforschoolenjoyherselfargueaboutforgettolearnyourlessonwillcometomerelatedtoIhavenoidea二、请找出下列句子中的错误并加以改正1.where改为which2.which改为that3.who改为that4.wants改为want5.which改为when一、单项选择1.Manyyoungpeoplelovethesongs_______havegreatlyrics.A.whoB.thoseC.whichD.whose2.Theman______gaveusatalkonscienceyesterdayisafamousscientist.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom3.Youaretheonlyperson_____I’venevermetwhocoulddoit.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which4.Myfatherusuallyreadsnovelson______waytowork.A.heB.himC.hisD.himselfWhenisDragonBoatFestivalthisyear?It’s_______June6.A.atB.onC.inD.from6.Theyoungman_______wemetyesterdayisournewmathsteacher.A.whatB.whoseC.whom D.which7.Thestory______hetoldmeisveryexciting.A.when B.whichC.what D.who8.Ilovepeople______arefriendlytoothers.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD.who9.Whois_______inyourclass,Linda?John.A.tallB.tallerC.thetallestD.tallest10.MissWang__________inBeijingsince2008.A.lives B.livedC.islivingD.haslived二、完形填空Thatwaswhenmysonwas6yearsold.Mysonisnow22butwheneverIlookathimevenasagrownman,Irememberthesmallchildwith1.Ourcatwasreadytogivebirth.Andlikeallyoungchildren,mysonwasveryinterestedinthe2ofthebabies.Duringthefollowingweek,heneverstoppedbeggingmeforachancetowitness（见证）it.Atlast,Iagreed.Iansweredallhisquestionsandpreparedhimthebest3hemightnotbeshockedorfrightened.That4whenmysonarrivedhome,onebabycathadbeenborn.Hewasso5atwhathesawthathewouldputhishandonthemothercat’sstomachandfeeltheotherbabies6.Whenthemothercatbeganto7veryloudly,itwasclearthatthesecondbabywasonitsway.Mysonwatchedbutneversaidaword.Thenheaskedme,“Mum,whydoesshecrysoloudlywhenthebabycomes?”Iexplainedthatitwasnotahurtfulpain8apainofgreatpleasureforthemother.Whenthebirthofthethirdbabywascomingbythecryingofthemothercat,mysonsuddenlyhugged(拥抱)mewithtearsrollingdownhisface,saying,“Mum,I’msorryforthe9Ibroughtyoutohaveme.”Myheartalmoststopped.Witha(n)10choiceofwords,Itoldhimthathisbirthhadbroughtmenothingbutsmiles,andthatIwouldliketogothroughit100times. Nowmysonisagrownman,buthealwaysremembersthatnight,foritwasonthatnightthathefinallyunderstoodwhattheword“love”meant.1.A.smiles B.tears C.interest D.care2.A.birth B.loss C.performance D.protection3.A.unless B.until C.sothat D.asif4.A.morning B.afternoon C.noon D.night5.A.amazed B.frightened C.angry D.sad6.A.jumping B.sleeping C.moving D.growing7.A.laugh B.cry C.cough D.shout8.A.or B.so C.and D.but9.A.pain B.danger C.harm D.fear10.A.hopeful B.careful C.useless D.informal答案 单项选择1-5CACCB 6-10CBDCD完形填空1-5BACDA6-10CBDAB__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、单项选择1.

It’s

_____

colder

today

than

it

was

yesterday.

Take

care

of

yourself!

A.

very

B.

much

C.

moreD.

little

2.

May

I

take

a

photo

here?

Sorry,

you

______.

A.

can

B.

can’t

C.

must

D.

needn’t

3.The

classroom

is

_____small

_____hold

so

many

students.

A.

enough,

to

B.

so,

that

C.

too,

to

D.

very,

to

4.

When

were

you

born

?

I

was

born

_____

April

3,

1999

.

A.

on

B.

in

C.

atD.

from

5.

We

all

enjoy

_____

music

and

often

we

dance

to

it

during

breaks

.

A.

listen

B.

listen

to

C.

listening

D.

listening

to

(附：单选1-5,

顺义区2013-2014学年度第一学期期末质量监控九年级英语试题)二、阅读理解ADouKou,aChineseboy,iscalled"theyoungestwriterintheworld".Hehaswrittenthreebookstillnow.

DouKouwasborninJiangsuin1994.Whenhewas7monthsold,hisparentsstartedworkinginover30differentcities,suchasXi'anandShenzhen.Thiskindoflifegavehimthingstothinkandwriteabout.When

hewas9monthsold,hecouldspeakandattheageofone,hecouldsayfivetosixhundredwords.Atthree,hecouldlookupwordsinthedictionary.Atfour,hisfathertaughthimhowtolearnbyhimself.Hisparentslikereadingverymuch.Sodoeshe.Attheageof5,hebeganwritingfairytales.Attheageof6,hewrotea

novelabouthislifeindifferentcitieswithhisparents.Hisfairytalesareallfromhislife.Oneday,hefound

manymiceinthehouse.They

notonlyatetheirfoodbutalsohurthismother'shand.Sohethought,"Ifwegivemicethestomachofcows,theywilleatgrassandtheywillbehelpfultopeople."ThiswashisfirstfairytalesChangeStomachforMice.Nowhestudieswellinamiddleschool.Hehaswrittenhisthirdbook,thenovelcalledEyesofChildren.Hesays,"

Iamnotdifferentfromotherchildren.Ijustwroteseveralbooks.

"1.HowmanybookshasDouKouwritten?A.ThreeB.Four.

C.FiveD.Six2.Thankstohis_____,DouKoucouldwritehisbooks.A.mother

B.father

C.schoollife

D.lifeindifferentcities3.DouKoubegantouseadictionary_____.A.whenhewrotefairytales

B.beforehisfathertaughthimhowtolearnsomething

C.afterhewenttoschool

D.afterhismothertaughthimhowtolearnsomething4.Theunderlined(画线的)sentencesshowusthatDouKou_____.A.isdifferentfromotherchildren

B.doesn'ttellthetruth

C.isthesameasotherchildren

D.likeshisbooks5.Whichisthebesttitle?A.ThreeBooksbyachild

B.HowtoWriteaFairyTales

C.HowClevertheBoyis

D.DouKou,theYoungestWriterBThemostinterestingthingtoseeinMalaysiaistheever-increasingnumberoffestivalsheldaroundthecountry.Madeupoftraditionalculturalcelebrations,religious(宗教的)holidaysandmodernsportingorculturalevents,Malaysia’sfestivalsmeanthere’salwaysapartytobefound.Moretraditionalevents,suchasWorldKiteFestival,theMagicoftheNightandtheLanternFestival—tonamejustafew—allappearinmanycalendarsaroundthenation.Traditionalreligiouscelebrations,suchasChineseNewYearandChristmas,arealsopopularinMalaysiaandarecelebratedacrossdifferentculturesandbackgrounds.Thegreatesteventoftheyear’scalendarforanyfoodloverwillbetheMalaysiaGourmetFestival,heldthroughoutchosenhotelsinthecapitalcityofKualaLumpur.OneofthemostpopularofthesenewadditionsistheMalaysiaYearEndSale,whichrunsfromNovemberthroughtoearlyJanuary.Allaroundthenationthere’recheapersales.Whenitcomestothecelebrations,Malaysiansaresomeofthemostgenerous(慷慨的)peopleintheworld.Duringmanyoftheyear’simportantevents,Malaysianswillopentheirhomestofriends,familiesandstrangers(includingtourists)inatraditionknownas“RumahTerbuka”or“OpenHouse”.AttendinganOpenHouseisagreatopportunitytojointheMalaysian,makefriendsandenjoydeliciouslocalfood.ThegovernmentorlocalgroupswillalsosometimesofferanOpenHouseinalargerplace,suchasabighall.Everyoneiswelcometotakepartinsuchevents,whichhavehelpedcreateapositive(积极的)air.2015hasbeendecidedtobetheYearofFestivalsinMalaysia—sothere’sneverbeenabettertimetovisitMalaysiathannow.Justturnthepagetoseesomeoftheimportanteventstakingplaceoverthenext12months.AndformoreinformationontravelingtoMalaysia,pleasevisit.my.6.WhatkindoffestivalisWorldKiteFestivalinMalaysia?A.Atraditionalevent. B.Areligiousholiday.C.Asportingevent. D.Aculturalcelebration.7.Whichofthefollowingisthegreatesteventforfoodlovers?A.TheLanternFestival. B.TheMalaysiaYearEndSale.C.TheMagicoftheNight. D.TheMalaysiaGourmetFestival.8.Theunderlinedpart“OpenHouse”inthepassagemeans“______”.A.leavingone’sroomdooropen B.keepingashopopendayandnightC.lettingvisitorsstayatone’shome D.offeringvisitorsfreehotelrooms9.Whatisthewriter’spurposeinthepassage?A.ToencourageustovisitMalaysia. B.Toreportsomeinterestingfestivals.C.Tosharehisownexperience. D.Tointroduceaforeigncountry.CIfyoutakealookatthebest-sellingbooksintheUKthesedays,itisalmostcertainthattherewillbealotofautobiographiesinthatlist.BillClinton,NelsonMandelaandactorMichaelJFoxhaveallwrittenthem.

Anautobiographyisthestoryofaperson’slife,writtenbythatperson.Itisusuallyaveryfamouspersonwhomighttellusallabouttheirchildhood,howtheybecamefamousandanyotherinterestingthingsthathavehappenedintheirlives.

Traditionally,someonewouldwriteanautobiographywhentheywereolderbecausetheyhadhadalong,successfullife.However,thesedaystherearemanymagazineswithstoriesandphotosofthestarswhichsellverywell.RealityTVshowsareextremelypopularandlotsofpeoplebecomefamousveryeasilyjustfrombeingontheTVratherthanbeingabletosingoractwell.Asaresult,peoplebecomefamousveryquicklyandassoonastheyarefamous,alotofmoneycanbemadefromwritinganautobiography,eveniftheyareveryyoung.

Sonowyoucanfindanautobiographyfromalmosteveryonewhoisinthepubliceye.EventhoughwecanfollowthelivesofthestarsverycloselyonTVorinmagazinesnowadays,wemaybedon