船舶电力推进系统的组成课件讲解

船舶电力推进系统第二讲船舶电力推进系统的组成1.1船舶电力推进系统的组成发电HV配电LV配电变电变频驱动4MainEquipmentinElectricPropulsionbowsternSimplifiedSLDconventionalvessel6SimplifiedSLDDEPvesselStarboard和Portboard源於海洋霸权维京人，他们称呼自己船舰的船舷(侧边)为"Board"。因维京人习惯将方向舵(Star;SteeringOar)装置在右侧，所以船舰的右舷就被称为Starboard。而因为方向舵装置在右侧，所以船在靠岸时，需用左侧贴近岸边上下货物，所以左侧就被称为"larboard"。后来发现在海上吵杂的环境中，水手常常会把Starboard与Larboard搞混，因此，维京人就把左侧船舷改称为"靠港口(Port)的一侧"，也就是说称为Portboard。在西洋航海史中，有一段时期是让海员站在船体右舷一块名为「Starboard」的板子上驾驶船舶，因此后人便延用「Starboard」一语称呼右舷；反之，位於船体左舷（Port）一块名为「Larboard」的板子则是专用於装卸货物，因此以「Larboard」称呼左舷，但在船舶货物装卸方式改变后，便将它舍弃不用，改以「Port」一语称呼左舷。也正因为有前述的历史，后来才进一步形成「右舷为尊」的观念，更造成船体右舷结构有一段时期是由资深木工师傅（Shipwright）负责施工。一、电力推进系统的组成ElectricPowerGeneration(发电系统)ElectricPowerDistribution(配电系统)VariableSpeedDrives(变频调速驱动系统)Propulsion/ThrusterUnits(推进器单元)二、电力推进系统中的主要组件电站组件配电板组件变压器组件谐波抑制器变频器组件监测控制组件电动机组件螺旋桨10IntegratedAutomation,Power,

andPropulsionSystemPowerPlant-Dieselorturboelectric-2-splitredundant-Typical30-50MWPropulsion-Shaft-lineorpodded-Redundant-Typical2x10-20MWDistributionsystem-Mediumvoltage,6-11kV-Redundant-Automatic/RemotectrlFrequencyconverters-AC/ACCycloorDTC-Mediumvoltage-RedundancyTunnelThrusters-CPPorFPP-Redundancy-Maneuveringand

stationkeepingIntegratedAutomation-Automaticpower

management-Propulsioncontrol-Vesselcontrol-Dynamicpositioning1、发电系统-原动机原动机:燃烧柴油或重油的内燃机驱动发电机组气体内燃机，也有燃气轮机，蒸汽轮机或联合循环轮机燃料电池在柴-电推进系统中，柴油机通常是中高速机2、发电系统-发电机ExciterD-endBearingDiodeBridgeEndShieldRotorPolesTransformersLineTerminalsShaftStatorCoreFanStatorWindingsNeutralPointDetachableFeetAirFiltersRotorWindingsGenerators-SynchronousMachinesSystemVoltages:13800V11000V6600V4160V3300V2400V690V480V450V400V380V240V230V208V120VNorsok(IECblack):13800V>20MW:11000V>4MW:6600V4160V3300V2400V<4MW:690V480V450VDistribution3f:400V380V240VDistribution1f:230V208V120VG励磁原理:有刷励磁BrushlessMagnetizingMachines

PMGexcited(PermanentMagnetGenerator)Synch.GeneratorRotorPMG3、配电系统分段要求工作模式电压等级

AvailabilitybySystemRedundancy可采用的系统冗余DieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionElectricPropulsionSystemPropulsor,shaftpropellerDieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionElectricPropulsionSystemPropulsor,shaftpropellerDieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionDieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionElectricPropulsionSystemPropulsor,shaftpropellerDieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionElectricPropulsionSystemDieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionElectricPropulsionSystemPropulsor,shaftpropellerDieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionElectricPropulsionSystemPropulsor,shaftpropellerMultiplesystemR2,R2+,R2-S,R2-S+RP,RPSMultiplesystemR1,R1+,R1-S,R1-S+SinglesystemMultiplesystem19SingleLineDiagram

SingleLineDiagram20DieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionElectricPropulsionSystemPropulsorShaftLineDieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionElectricPropulsionSystemDieselElectricGeneratorDieselElectricGeneratorAvailabilitybySystemRedundancyDieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionElectricPropulsionSystemPropulsorShaftLineDieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionElectricPropulsionSystemDieselElectricGeneratorDieselElectricGeneratorExampleEl.PowerSystem工作模式GGMACACMACACMACACMACACGGACDCACDCDCMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACGGGGMACACMACACGGMACACMACACGGGGGGMACACMACACMACACMACACDrillingpackageACMultidriveMACACMACACMACACMACACExampleEl.PowerSystemGGMACACMACACMACACMACACGGACDCACDCDCMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACMDCACGGGGMACACMACACGGMACACMACACGGGGGGMACACMACACMACACMACACDrillingpackageACMultidriveMACACMACACMACACMACACDieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionElectricPropulsionSystemPropulsor,shaftpropellerDieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionElectricPropulsionSystemPropulsor,shaftpropellerDieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionElectricPropulsionSystemPropulsor,shaftpropellerElectricPropulsionSystemPropulsor,shaftpropellerDieselElectricGeneratorElectricPowerDistributionMirrorImage(工作模式)

中国船级社钢质海船入级规范的电压等级，（高压1KV-15KV)对主配电系统下面的选项是最普通的选择：11kV：高压电的产生和分配。当安装的发电机总容量超过20MW时应该被采用。对于电动机，在总功率在400kW及以上时被采用。6.6kV：高压电的产生和分配。当安装的发电机总容量在4-20MW之间时应该被采用。对于电动机，在总功率在300kW及以上时被采用。690V：低压电的产生和分配。当安装的发电机总容量在4MW以下时应该被采用。在用电设备总功率在400kW及以下和作为钻进电机变频器原边电压时被采用。对实用配电系统有更低的电压被采用，如400/230V。电压等级HighVoltageSwitchboardsUnisafeSwitchboardSF6CircuitBreakersHighVoltageSwitchboardsŒŽ‘Ž①⑥LowVoltageSwitchboardsMNSSwitchboardsEMAXISOMAXRemovableWithdrawableFixed低压抽屉式开关柜4、变压器变压器的目的是把配电系统的不同部分分离成若干部分，通常是为了得到不同的电压等级，有时也为了移相。移相变压器可用来给变频器供电，例如，变速推进装置。是为了通过消除主要谐波电流来减少注入电网的谐波。减少了发电机和其它用电设备的电压谐波。30Transformers5、电机的种类及驱动方式

电动机是把电能转化机械能的最普通的设备，它被用于电力推进，侧推或定位，以及其它的甲板负载，像起货机，泵，风机等。船上电网中80%-90%的负载都是电动机。直流电动机异步电动机

同步电动机永磁同步电动机32MotorsDCMotorsAsynchronous(Induction)MotorsSynchronous