任务精读：二次衬砌支护（双语）课件讲解

隧道施工技术二次衬砌支护TunnelConstructionTechnologySecondaryLiningSupport基本概念1二次衬砌的施工流程2二次衬砌支护目录课程小结2TableofContentsSecondaryLiningSupportBasicConceptConstructionProcessofSecondaryLiningSummary.动画导入二次衬砌技术SecondaryLiningSupportAnimationlead-in.动画导入二次衬砌技术SecondaryLiningSupportAnimationlead-in.动画导入二次衬砌技术SecondaryLiningSupportAnimationlead-in.动画导入二次衬砌技术SecondaryLiningSupportAnimationlead-in基本概念BasicConcept01二次衬砌是复合式衬砌的结构，复合式衬砌可以满足初期支护施作及时、刚度小、易变形的要求，且与围岩密贴，从而能保护和加固围岩，充分发挥围岩的自承作用。Thecompositeliningcanallowprimarysupporttobeconstructedintimeandeasilydeformedwithsmallrigidity.Itiscloselytouchedwithsurroundingrockstoprotectandreinforcethesurroundingrocksandgivefullplaytotheself-supportingcapacityofthesurroundingrocks.二次衬砌后，衬砌内表面光滑平整，可以防止外层风化，装饰内壁，增强安全感，并且座位隧道防水的最后一道防线，是一种合理的结构形式，也是目前公路、铁路隧道主要的结构形式。Aftersecondarylining,theinnersurfaceoftheliningwillbesmoothandflatwhichcanpreventouterweathering,decorateinteriorwallsandstrengthensecurity.Asthelastlineofdefenseforwaterprooflayeroftunnelconstruction,thesecondaryliningisareasonablestructuralformandthemainstructuralformofhighwayandrailwaytunnelsatpresent.二次衬砌支护基本概念SecondaryLiningSupportBasicConceptChangyingbaNo.2TunnelUndertakenbyChinaRailway19thBureauGroup二次衬砌的施工流程ConstructionProcessofSecondaryLining02仰拱开挖Invertedarchexcavation1仰拱钢筋绑扎Invertedarchreinforcementbinding2仰拱模板安装及混凝土浇筑Invertedarchformworkinstallationandconcretingpouring3拱墙钢筋绑扎Archwallreinforcementbinding4拱墙模板安装Archwallformworkinstallation5拱墙混凝土浇筑Archwallconcretepouring6拱背压浆Archbackgrouting7拆模及混凝土保养Formworkremovalandconcretemaintenance8二次衬砌支护二次衬砌的施工流程SecondaryLiningSupportConstructionProcessofSecondaryLining开挖完成后安装临时仰拱栈桥，恢复道路交通。仰拱开挖Invertedarchexcavation测量放样，确定开挖深度及长度。Surveyingandsettingouttodeterminetheexcavationdepthandlength.开挖长度一般为theexcavationlengthisgenerally采用人工配合挖掘机开挖，需要爆破的，应严格控制好装药量，并对通风管及用电线做好保护措施。Excavationshallbecarriedoutwithexcavatorsunderthehelpofworkers.Ifblastingisrequired,explosivechargeshallbestrictlycontrolled,andprotectivemeasuresshallbetakenforventpipesandwire.3~12米。二次衬砌支护二次衬砌的施工流程SecondaryLiningSupportConstructionProcessofSecondaryLiningTunnelFaceofRightTunnelatExitofLongwanTunnelConstructedbyBranch4ofLot2ofLaibin-Du'anSection3~12m.Afterexcavation,temporaryinvertedarchtrestle

shallbeinstalledtorestoreroadtraffic.预留好拱墙搭接钢筋，并有足够的搭接长度，且将接头错开。仰拱钢筋绑扎Invertedarchreinforcementbinding钢筋在洞外加工场制作，运至现场绑扎。Reinforcementshallbefabricatedattheprocessingyardoutsidethetunnelandtransportedtothesiteforbinding.绑扎应用定位架控制好钢筋的间距。Duringbinding,thereinforcementspacingshallbecontrolledbypositioningframe.二次衬砌支护二次衬砌的施工流程SecondaryLiningSupportConstructionProcessofSecondaryLiningTheoverlappingreinforcementforthearchwallshallbereservedwithsufficientoverlappinglengthandthejointsshallbestaggered.仰拱一次浇筑成型，待仰拱混凝土强度到达70%设计强度，完成仰拱填充层混凝土施工。仰拱模板安装及混凝土浇筑Invertedarchformworkinstallationandconcretingpouring仰拱的端头与边墙的交接处安装止水带，并预留足够的搭接长度。Waterstopsshallbeinstalledatthejunctionoftheinvertedarchendandthesidewall,andsufficientoverlappinglengthshallbereserved.仰拱应在边墙结合处安装弧形模板，保证仰拱浇筑弧形满足设计要求。Arcformworkshallbeinstalledatthejunctionofsidewallsfortheinvertedarchtoensurethatthepouringarcoftheinvertedarchmeetsthedesignrequirements.二次衬砌支护二次衬砌的施工流程SecondaryLiningSupportConstructionProcessofSecondaryLiningTheinvertedarchshallbepouredandformedatonetime.Afteritsconcretestrengthreaches70%

ofthedesignstrength,theconcreteconstructionoftheinvertedarchfillinglayershallbecompleted.横向钢筋与纵向钢筋的每个节点必须绑扎。拱墙钢筋绑扎Archwallreinforcementbinding由测量人员进行放样确定钢筋绑扎区域与预留洞室的位置。Thesurveyorshallsetouttodeterminereinforcementbindingareaandreservedchamberposition.依次安装内侧与外侧主筋与纵向连接钢筋，保证两层钢筋厚度满足设计要求。Andinstallinsideandoutsidemainreinforcementsandlongitudinalconnectingreinforcementstoensurethatthethicknessoftwolayersofreinforcementmeetsthedesignrequirements.二次衬砌支护二次衬砌的施工流程SecondaryLiningSupportConstructionProcessofSecondaryLiningEachnodeoftransversereinforcementsandlongitudinalreinforcementsmustbebound.拱墙模板安装Archwallformworkinstallation根据隧道中线及高程布置二衬模板台车轨道。Arrangethetrackofsecondaryliningformworkjumboaccordingtothetunnelcenterlineandelevation.台车就位后再次检查台车中心及两侧宽度、标高、衬砌厚度是否满足设计规范要求。二次衬砌支护二次衬砌的施工流程SecondaryLiningSupportConstructionProcessofSecondaryLiningAfterthejumboisinplace,checkagainwhetherthewidth,elevationandliningthicknessofitscenterandbothsidesmeetthedesignspecifications.拱墙混凝土浇筑Archwallconcretepouring衬砌混凝土灌筑应分段进行，混凝土灌筑时的自由倾落高度不宜超过2m。Liningconcretepouringshallbecarriedoutinsections.Duringconcretepouring,thefreefallheightshouldnotexceed2m.且应注意对称灌筑，两侧同时或交替进行。二次衬砌支护二次衬砌的施工流程SecondaryLiningSupportConstructionProcessofSecondaryLiningTheconcreteshallbepouredsymmetricallyonbothsidessimultaneouslyoralternately.集中拌合centrallymixed罐车运输transportedbytanker泵送入模pumpedintotheformwork拱墙混凝土浇筑Archwallconcretepouring混凝土应分层灌筑，每层厚度根据拌合能力、运输条件、灌筑速度、捣固能力等决定，一般为30cm。Theconcreteshallbepouredinlayers,thethicknessofwhichshallbedeterminedaccordingtothemixingcapacity,transportationconditions,pouringspeed,tampingcapacity,etc.,generally30cm.振捣应捣固密实，使衬砌具有良好的抗渗防水性能。Vibrationshallbetampedtomakethelininghavegoodimpermeabilityandwaterproofingperformance.二次衬砌支护二次衬砌的施工流程SecondaryLiningSupportConstructionProcessofSecondaryLining拱背压浆Archbackgrouting由于超挖回填不密实和混凝土坍落度的影响，往往在衬砌背后与防水板或喷层之间留有空隙，不密贴。Duetotheinfluenceofuncompactedover-excavationandbackfillandconcreteslump,thereisoftenagapbetweentheliningbackandthewaterproofboardorspraylayer,whichisnotcloselyattached.因此在多数情况下需要进行充填压浆使之密贴，以改善衬砌结构受力工作状态。Therefore,inmostcases,groutingshallbeperformedtomakeitcloselyattachedtoimprovethestressworkingstateoftheliningstructure.二次衬砌支护二次衬砌的施工流程SecondaryLiningSupportConstructionProcessofSecondaryLining在严寒地区冬季灌筑混凝土时，应采取防寒措施，防止冻坏衬砌。Whenconcreteispouredinwinterinseverecoldareas,cold-proofmeasuresshallbetakentopreventfreezingdamagetolining.拆模及混凝土保养Formworkremovalandconcretemaintenance一般情况下，衬砌混凝土灌筑后10~20h，即应开始浇水养护。Ingeneral,wateringandcuringshallbestarted10~20haftertheliningconcreteispoured.使用普通硅酸盐水泥时一般应连续养护7~14d。WhenordinaryPortlandcementisused,continuouscuringshallbegenerallycarriedoutfor7~14d.二次衬砌支护二次衬砌的施工流程SecondaryLiningSupportConstructionProcessofSecondaryLining二次衬砌质量检验QualityInspectionofSecondaryLining混凝土结构外形尺寸允许偏差和检验方法应符合表《二次衬砌结构外形尺寸允许偏差和检验方法》的规定。AllowableexternaldimensionaldeviationandinspectionmethodofconcretestructureshallcomplywiththeAllowableDeviationforSecondaryLiningStructuralDimensionandInspectionMethod.混凝土结构表面应密实平整、颜色均匀，不得有露筋、蜂窝、孔洞、疏松、麻面和缺棱掉角等缺陷。Thesurfaceoftheconcretestructureshallbecompact,flat,consistentincolor,andfreeofsuchdefectsasbarexposure,honeycomb,pore,looseness,pittedsurfaceandedgeorcornerloss.二次衬砌支护二次衬砌的施工流程SecondaryLiningSupportConstructionProcessofSecondaryLining序号S/N项目Item允许偏差（mm）Allowabledeviation(mm)检验方法Inspectionmethod1边墙平面位置Planepositionofsidewall±10尺量Measuringwitharuler2拱部高程Archelevation+30，0水准测量Levelingmeasurement3边墙、拱部表面平整度Surfaceflatnessofsidewallandarch152m靠尺检查或自动断面仪测量Checkwitha2-meterguidingruleorcarryoutmeasurementwithanautomaticprofiler二次衬砌结构外形尺寸允许偏差和检验方法AllowableDeviationforSecondaryLiningStructuralDimensionandInspectionMethod课程小结Summary03二次衬砌支护课程小结SecondaryLiningSupportSummary课程小结Summary

二次衬砌采用模筑混凝土施工，不仅能提供安全储备或承受后期围岩压力，而且还可以作为防水层最后一道防线。Thesecondaryliningisconstructedwithmodel-buildingconcrete.Itcanserveasasafetyreserveorbearthepressureofsurroundingrocksinthelate