2015届高考英语第一轮限时自测试题17

课后限时自测(十七)Ⅰ.语法填空Thecoldcamealittlebit__1__(early)thiswinter.Theweatherhasbeentoughandunforgiving.Beijingwitnessedtheearliestsnowfallsincethe1950sonNov.3.TemperaturesinmanypartsofChinahavehitrecordlows.ColdweatheralsobroughtheavysnowstormstotheUS，RussiaandEurope，__2__(cause)manydeaths.Youmaynotthinktheyarerelatedinanypossibleway，__3__scientistssaythattheextremecoldstartedintheNorthPole，__4__theseaiceismeltingrapidlybecauseoftheburningoffossilfuels.Thissummer，theNationalSnowandIceDataCenterintheUSannouncedthattheseaicecoverageintheArctichadreacheditslowestlevel—withlessthanhalfofthecoverage__5__hadfourdecadesago.Largeamountsofseaicelosscouldchange__6__aircirculatesintheatmosphere.Atthesametime，__7__(melt)seaicealsoreleasesmoreoceanwater，which__8__(result)inincreasedwatervaporintheatmospherethatcanbetransformed__9__snow，accordingtoNationalGeographic.Also，theattackofthecoldcamequicklyandwithoutabreakthisyear.“Thisleftnotimeforthetemperaturetorevive，whichcausedthecoldtoaccumulate，”explainedWangJiaoyan，__10__engineeratChinaMeteorologicalAdministration.【答案】1．earlier考查形容词比较级。句意为：今年冬天冷空气来得稍早一点。alittlebit“少许，一点儿”，根据语境应用形容词比较级。2．causing考查非谓语动词。Coldweather与cause是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用cause的现在分词形式作结果状语。3．but考查连词。该空前后是转折关系，故应用转折连词but。4．where考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是theNorthPole，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。5．it考查代词。空处指代theArctic，应用it。6．how考查宾语从句的引导词。空处引导宾语从句，表示方式，应填how。句意：大量海洋冰块的消失会改变空气在大气中的循环方式。7．melting考查非谓语动词。根据下文的“releasesmoreoceanwater”可知，这里指的是“正在融化的冰块”，因此用现在分词作定语。8．results考查动词时态。result是定语从句中的谓语，定语从句的主语是先行词moreoceanwater，且表示一般的情况，故应用一般现在时。9．into考查介词。o...是固定搭配，意思为“把……转化为……”。10．an考查冠词。空处及其后面的部分在句中作同位语，泛指一位工程师，且engineer的读音以元音音素开头，故应用不定冠词an。Ⅱ.阅读理解TheRepublicofVanuatuisanislandnationlocatedintheSouthPacificOcean.Itwasoneofthepoorestnationsintheregion.Withinthelastfiveyears，however，ithasbecomeahotspotforadventuretravelers.In2006itwasvotedthehappiestplaceonEarth.ThereasonisnotthatVanuatuaretherichestbutthatVanuatuhaswhite－sandislands，clearwaters，theworld'smostaccessiblelivevolcano，greatdivingandfoodthatgrowsfasterthanitcanbepicked.Withapopulationofabout221，000，Vanuatuhas113languages，whichisaresultof3，000yearsofimmigrationfrommanyPacificcountries.Therearethreeofficiallanguages：English，French，andBislama.BislamadevelopedfromSouthPacificEnglish，asimplifiedlanguagethattradersandotherforeignersusedittocommunicatewithspeakersofthemanylocallanguages.Mostoftheislandsaremountainousandofvolcanicorigin.ThereareseveralactivevolcanoesinVanuatu，includingYasurontheislandofTanna，oneoftheworld'smostaccessiblevolcanoes.Ifyou'veeverfanciedgettingclosetoavolcano，here'syourchance.VanuatuPost'sUnderwaterPostOfficehasquicklybecomeoneofthebusiestpostofficesforpostcardsintheworld！Visitorsfromaroundtheworldwanttoexperiencetheworld'sfirstunderwaterpostoffice.ThePostOfficeisonly50metersoffshoreandatjustthreemetersbelowthesurface，veryappealingtotheyoungandtheyoungatheart.Sinceopeningin2003，theunderwaterpostofficehasreceivedabout100，000visitors.Theyhavepostedoneofthewaterproof(防水的)postcardsavailableinVanuatu；thesecardsarecollectedregularlybyoneofVanuatuPost'sfourtraineddivers.Theunderwaterbranchismanneddailyforusuallyaboutanhour，longerwithdemand.1．VanuatuwasvotedthehappiestplaceonEarthbecause________．A．it'sthepoorestnationintheregionB．it'stherichestnationintheregionC．it'safavoriteplaceforadventurersD．it'sblessedwithabundantnature【解析】细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话可知选D项。【答案】D2．WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutVanuatu?A．BislamadevelopedfromlocalPacificFrench.B．YasurisoneofthelivevolcanoesinVanuatu.C．Vanuatuhasmorethan113officiallanguages.D．UnderwaterPostOfficehasopenedfor5years.【解析】细节理解题。由第三段中“...includingYasur...，oneoftheworld'smostaccessiblevolcanoes.”知B项正确。【答案】B3．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostpropertitleforthetext?A．WorkingattheunderwaterbranchB．GreatdivinginamazingVanuatuC．AhotspotforadventuretravelersD．ThebusiestpostofficeonEarth【解析】主旨大意题。文章介绍了“TheRepublicofVanuatu”这个地方已成为旅游探险的热门地点。故选C项。【答案】C4．Whatismostlikelytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A．VariouslanguagesB．UnderwaterdivingC．FoodinVanuatuD．HistoryofVanuatu【解析】推理判断题。第一段最后一句话提到Vanuatu的特色，A、B、D三项在第二、三、四段都已提到，接下来一定是介绍food。【答案】CⅢ.阅读填句(2014·北大附中河南分校质检)UrbanizationUntilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5，500yearsago.__1__Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural(乡村的)villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGreatBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory－asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving.Britainwasonlythebeginning.__2__Theprocessofurbanization－themigration(迁移)ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity－wastheresultofmodernization,whichhasrapidlytransformedhowpeopleliveandwheretheylive.In1990,fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms.__3__Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties,ittookaboutninety－fivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities.__4___Untilmoderntimes,thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite(精英)andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethissurplusfromfarmtocity.Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry.__5__Today,insteadofneedingninety－fivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon－farmers.A．Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.B．Therestliveinsmalltowns.C．Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.D．Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecameurbansocieties.E．Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.F．Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.G．Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrelationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.【答案】1－5EDBAFⅣ.短文改错(2014·高阳高级中学