北师大版高中英语选修八第6讲：Unit23-Conflict-语法篇(学生版)

Unit23Conflict语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1、将来完成时2、过去完成时3、现在完成进行时4、现在分词的完成式5、情态动词+havedone将来完成时构成：shall/will+have+done(shall用于第一人称)用法：表示在将来某一时刻已经发生的动作，它常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如“by+将来时间”等，也可以与when或bythetime引导的一般现在时态的从句连用。例：Whentheyarrivetomorrowafternoon,Iwillhavealreadyleft.Bythetimeyougethome,Iwillhavecleanedthehousefromtoptobottom.过去完成时构成：haddone用法：表示在过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成了的动作。这个过去的时间常用by,before等引导的介词短语或一个时间状语从句表示，也可以暗含在语境中。例：LilyhadlearnedsomeEnglishbeforeshecametoLondon.Theplayhadalreadystartedwhenwegottothetheatre.BytheendofJunetheyhadtreatedover10,000patients.现在完成进行时构成：have/hasbeendoing用法：表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作，可能刚停止，也可能继续进行。例：Ihavebeenstayingwithmyfamilyonthecoast.HehasbeenlearningEnglishfor6years.温馨提示：现在完成时：强调动作开始于过去，并持续到现在或过去的动作对现在产生影响。现在完成进行时：强调动作的持续性，需使用延续性动词。例：Ihavebrokenateapot.Ihavebeenpracticingthepiano.现在分词的完成式构成：havingdone用法：havingdone表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。现在分词的完成式主要用作状语，表示时间，原因等。=1\*GB3①表示时间：Havingnoteddownournamesandaddresses,thepolicemandismissedus.=2\*GB3②表示原因：Havingbeenthereonce,sheknewtheplacequitewell.现在分词一般式与完成式的区别“现在分词一般式所表示的动词先于谓语动词发生，但两者之间没有时间间隔；而现在分词的完成式所表示的先于谓语的动作则与谓语的动作有时间间隔。例：Lockingthedoor,shewentout.Havinglosthisjob,hebegantointeresthimselfinlocalvoluntarywork.延续性动词的现在分词一般式往往表示动作在发生过程中谓语动词动作发生，而当现在分词动作在谓语动作前发生且持续一段时间时，必须用现在分词的完成式。例：Havingbeenhisownbossforsuchalongtime,hefoundithardtoacceptordersfromothers.Searchingtheroom,hefoundawallet.情态动词+havedone情态动词can/could(not),may/might(not)和must与havedone连用，表示对过去事情的推测。Hemay/mightnothaveknownaboutit.情态动词could(not),should(not)与havedone连用，翻译为“本…”.Youshouldhavefacedthedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?例1.—Tommyisplanningtobuyacar.—Iknow.Bynexttimemonth,he_____enoughforausedone.saves B.saved C.willsave D.willhavesaved例2.—DidyouhavedifficultyfindingAnn’shouse?—Notreally.She_____uscleardirectionsandwewereabletofinditeasily.wastogive B.hadgiven C.wasgiving D.wouldgive 例3.We_____forover2hours.Areyousurethisistherightway?Havebeendriving B.weredriving C.haddriven D.drove例4._____thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHONGKong,Lindaappearsmorematurethanthoseofherage.Spending B.Spent C.Havingspent D.Tospend例5.（2015北京101中学高三测试）—WhatdoyouthinkoftheDidiDacheapps,Maria?—Theyarehandyforme.I_____privatecarsusingtheappsforhalfayear.havebeenhiring B.hired C.hadhired D.hire基础演练一，根据句意，用括号内的词的正确形式填空。—TheChinesegovernmentistryingtoprotectthegiantpanda.—Iknow.By2020,they__________(add)about69.500squaremilesoflandtothecountry’snaturereservesystem.2.JustasIgottotheschoolgate,IrealizedI___________(leave)mybookinthecafé.3.Themanager___________(tell)theworkershowtoimprovetheprogramsince9am.4.___________(work)fortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportonschedule. 巩固提高单项选择。Peoplearerecyclingmanythingswhichthey_____awayinthepast.hadthrown B.willbethrowing C.werethrowing D.wouldhavethrown2.They_____havearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.A.will B.can C.must D.should3.It_____bethepostmanatthedoor.It’sonlysixo’clock.A.mustn’t B.can’t C.won’t D.needn’t4.（2015北京朝阳高三二模）_____allmymoneyonthecar,Ican’taffordaholidaywithmyfriendthissummer.Spending B.Spend C.Tospend D.Havingspent5.（2015北京房山高三二模）—Tony,yourhandsaresodirty!Whathappened?—I_____thisroomalltheafternoon.hadprinted B.havebeenpainting C.willpaint D.painted6.（2015北京丰台高三一模）Sam’sbakery_____apartnershipwithalocalcoffeecompany.Nowtheyservegreatcoffee.A.hasformed B.wouldform C.isforming D.willform7.（2015北京东城高三二模）—Mum,where’smypackedlunch?—Inthekitchen.I_____youtwosandwiches.make B.ammaking C.havemade D.willmake8.Theirfatheraswellashisthreechildren_____skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternoon.A.isgoing B.go C.goes D.aregoing9.—IsBobstillperforming?—I’mafraidnot.Heissaid_____thegatealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.tohaveleft B.toleave C.tohavebeenleft D.tobeleft10.Theinternationalagreement,_____encouragechildrennottosmokeandhelppeoplekickthehabit,wassignedonFebruary27.A.intendingto B.beingintendedto C.intendedto D.tointendto11.MyfatherrecommendedthatI_____myofficer.A.didn’tdisobey B.nottodisobey C.notdisobey D.mustn’tdisobey单项选择。1.Asacouple,theSmithscanalwaysmakethe_____decisiontoworkouttheirproblems.A.conventional B.courageous C.conscious D.compulsory2.Anunhappychildhoodmayhavesomenegativeseffectsonaperson’scharacter;however,theyarenotalways_____.A.practical B.avoidable C.permanent D.beneficial3.Justastheclothesapersonwears,thefoodheeatsandthefriendswithwhomhespendshistime,hishouse_____hispersonality.A.resembles B.strengthens C.reflects D.shapes4.Mymotheropenedthedrawerto_____theknivesandspoons.A.putaway B.putup C.puton D.puttogether5.Thousandsofpeople_____towatchyesterday’smatchagainstIreland.A.turnedon B.turnedin C.turnedaround D.turnedout6.Notuntilhewentthroughrealhardship_____thelovewehaveforourfamiliesisimportant.A.hadherealized B.didherealize C.herealized D.hehadrealized7.Ican’ttellyou_____waytotheWilson’sbecausewedon’thave_____Wilsonhereinthevillage.A.the,a B.a,/ C.a,the D.the,/8.She’dlivedinLondonandManchester,butsheliked_____andmovedtoCambridge.A.both B.neither C.none D.either9.Ourclubisopentoeveryone_____age,sexoreducationalbackground.A.dueto B.exceptfor C.alongwith D.regardlessof10.Jameshasjustarrived,butIdidn’tknowhe_____untilyesterday.A.willcome B.wascoming C.hadcome D.came11.Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithout_____.A.recognizing B.beingrecognizedC.havingrecognized D.havingbeenrecognized12.Untilnow,wehaveraised50,000poundsforthepoorchildren,_____isquiteunexpected.A.that B.which C.who D.it13.“Everytimeyoueatasweet,drinkgreentea.”Thisis_____mymotherusedtotellme.A.what B.how C.that D.whether14.Todaytherearemoreairplanes_____morepeoplethaneverbeforeintheskies.A.carry B.carrying C.carried D.tobecarrying15._____metomorrowandI’llletyouknowtheexperimentresult.A.Calling B.Call C.Tocall D.Havingcalled__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________完型填空。Therearedifferentkindsofswallows(燕子).1swallowsmaketheirhomesinthesand;othersbuildtheirnests(巢)2theroofs(屋檐).Theymaketheirnestsof3andgrass.Ittakesseveraldaysforthemtobuildanest.Theybuildasmallbiteveryday,andtheyhaveto4intheearlymorning,5thesunmaydryit6theygoonwiththeirworkTheswallowlaysfiveorsixwhite7atatime.Themotherbird8onthem,andthefatherbirdwatchesbyhersideand9her.Swallowsflyquickly.Theynevergettired.Whatisathousandkilometerstothemsincetheycan10nearlyonehundredkilometersanhour?Youmustnotthinkthatwhenswallowsfly11yourhead,theyarenotworking.No!Lifeisworkforthem.Theyworkvery12whenyoungbirdshavebeenhatched(孵化).Theyoungoneseat13andtheoldbirdshavetobeonthewing(飞翔)fromearlymorningtilllateatnight.14theyoungbirdscanflywell,15theoldswallowscannotrest.Theybeginatoncetothinkabouttheirsecond16,fortheyhavetwobroods(一窝)everyseason.Whenthesecondbroodareonthewing,itistimetothinkaboutgoingto17countries,becausethenightshavegrownlongerandcolder,theleaveshavebecome18,andtherearenotsomuchfood19before. Whenwinterisnear,theymustleavethecoldplace,when20come,theywillreturn.1.A.Another B.Many C.Some D.Few2.A.over B.between C.farfrom D.under3.A.sand B.earth C.stones D.wood4.A.work B.rest C.sleep D.play5.A.but B.because C.sothat D.so6.A.after B.until C.while D.before7.A.eggs B.children C.babies D.birds8.A.stands B.lies C.sits D.flies9.A.protects B.feeds C.waitsfor D.looksfor10.A.run B.walk C.fly D.jump11.A.over B.across C.crossing D.near12.A.slowly B.hard C.quietly D.noisily13.A.little B.alittle C.lot D.alot14.A.Atlast B.Atf