北师大版初三英语第18讲：unit-9-语法篇(学生版)

Unit9语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________理解并掌握过去进行时的用法过去进行时一、过去进行时的基本用法过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或过去某一阶段内正在进行或一直进行的动作。

1.表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。I

was

doing

my

homework

at

this

time

yesterday.昨天这个时候我在做作业。2.表示某一阶段内正在进行的动作。I

was

staying

here

from

March

to

May

last

year.去年从3月到5月我一直呆在这。二、过去进行时的构成：was/were+doing否定句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句注意：英语中有四类动词一般不用进行时（不用现在进行时和过去进行时）(1)表心理状态、情感的动词，如love,hate,like,care,respect,please,prefer,know等，若用进行时则词意改变。I’mforgettingit.(=beginningtoforget)(2)表存在、状态的动词，如appear,exist,lie,remain,stand,seem等(3)表感觉的动词，如see,hear,feel,smell,sound,taste等(4)表一时性的动词，如accept,allow,admit,decide,end,refuse,permit,promise等。三、时间状语标志词at

that

time/moment,

(at)

this

time

yesterday

(last

night/Sunday/week…),

at+点钟+yesterday

(last

night

/

Sunday…),when

sb.

did

sth注意：1.when后通常用短暂短性动词，while后通常用持续性动词，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，例如：WhenthecarexplodedIwaswalkingpastit.我路过的时候那个车爆炸了。WhileIwaswalkingpastthecaritexploded.当我路过的时候那个车爆炸了。

2.when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。例如：Iwaswalkinginthestreetwhensomeonecalledme.我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。

3.when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。例如：IwastakingawalkwhenImethim.我正在散步，突然遇见了他。Wewereplayingoutsidewhenitbegantorain.我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。四、一般过去时和过去进行时的区别

1.一般过去式常表示在过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态（包括过去习惯动作），常与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：just

now,

a

moment

ago,

yesterday,

last

week(month,

year),

the

day

before

yesterday及表示过去的时间状语从句。例如：I

was

sixteen

yesterday

old

last

year.

我去年16岁。

He

worked

in

a

factory

in

1986.

他1986年在一家工厂工作。

I

met

her

in

the

street

the

day

before

yesterday.

前天我在街上遇见了她。

He

often

swam

in

the

river

when

he

was

young.

他小时候常在河里游泳。

2.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有，at

that

time/moment,

(at)

this

time

yesterday

(last

night/Sunday/week…)，at点钟+yesterday

(last

night

/

Sunday…)，when

sb.

did

sth.等时间状语从句。

例如：What

were

you

doing

at

seven

p.m.

yesterday?

昨天晚上七点你在干什么？

I

first

met

Mary

three

years

ago.

She

was

working

at

a

radio

shop

at

the

time.

我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前，当时她在一家无线电商店工作。

I

was

cooking

when

she

knocked

at

the

door.

她敲门时我正在做饭。

3.一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。例如：

I

saw

you

while

you

were

speaking

to

the

teacher.

你在和老师谈话时我看见了你。

注意：有的过去时间状语既可用于一般过去时，也可用于过去进行时，但含义不同。例如：

She

wrote

a

letter

to

her

friend

last

night.

她昨晚给她的朋友写了封信。（信写完了）

She

was

writing

a

letter

to

her

friend

last

night.她昨晚一直在给她的朋友写信。（信不一定写完）1.I_______thedisheswhenMr.Gaovisitedmyhomeyesterday.A.washB.washedC.amwashing D.waswashing2.WhileI________dinnerlastnight,Angelacalledmeandaskedabouthomework.A.haveB.willhaveC.washavingD.amhaving3.Marry__________herhomeworkwhenhermothergothomeyesterday.A.doesB.didC.isdoingD.wasdoing4.I______cookedamealwhenyou_____me.A.cooked,wereringing

B.wascooking,rang

C.wascooking,wereringing

D.cooked,rang5.They_____afootballgamefrom7to9lastnight.A.werewatching

B.watch

C.watched

D.arewatching基础演练一、用所给词语的适当形式填空1.I__________(have)mybreakfastathalfpastsixyesterdaymorning.2.They_________(go)overherlessonsfromsixtosevenlastnight.JohnandPeter_________(do)thesamething.3.What_____you_______(do)atthattime?

We__________(watch)TV.4.Wasyourfatherathomeyesterdayevening?Yes,hewas.He_____________(listen)totheradio.5.They____________(notmake)amodelshipwhenIsawhim.二、单项选择1.---Icalledyouat6o’clockyesterdayevening,butnobodyanswered.---I'msorry.I_____________myfrienddownloadthemovieKungFuPandaⅡwhenthetelephonerang,A.wouldhelp B.helped C.washelpingD.amhelping2.Hesaidhe______________todrawaplaneontheblackboardatthattime.A.tries

B.tried

C.wastrying

D.willtry3.I____________alongtheroadwhenIsawPeter.Sowestoppedandhadachat.A.walkedB.waswalkingC.wouldwalkD.hadwalked4.---Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?---Sorry.Ididn’tcatchit.I______________somethingelse.A.think B.willthink C.wasthinking D.hadthought5.Yesterdayevening,Iwaswalkingalongthestreet_________Isuddenlymetmymathsteacher.A.whenB.whileC.asD.before三、按要求进行句型转换1.

WewerehavingaPEclassatfouryesterdayafternoon.(改为否定句)We_______________aPEclassatfouryesterdayafternoon.2.Katewasreviewingherlessonsateightlastnigh.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定、否定回答)______________________________________________________________________________

Heraninthepark.(用atthistimeyesterday改写)______________________________________________________________________________4.

Theywereplayingcomputergamesatninelastnight.(对划线部分提问)

______________________________________________________________________________5.

Iwasreadinganovelatthreeyesterdayafternoon.(对划线部分提问)_______________________________________________________________________________巩固提高一、根据中文提示完成句子你介意把音乐调小点儿声吗？Wouldyou_____________________themusic?2.我们把用过的书捐赠给慈善机构。We_________usedbooks_______________charity.我相信我们还有更多事情可以做。Webelievethereare________________________.我每天骑自行车上班。I_________________________everyday.今天天太热，你为什不把夹克脱掉呢？It’stoohottoday._________________________yourjacket?二、翻译1.昨天这个时候你们英语老师在做什么？她在和一些家长谈话吗？_________________________________________________________________________2.当我离开的时候他正在画一幅世界地图。_________________________________________________________________________3.当你看见他们的时候他们在干什么？他们在打扫教室。_________________________________________________________________________4.那时二班的学生没在操场上踢足球，他们在打篮球。_________________________________________________________________________5.一天，母亲下班回家的时候，约翰在写给一个朋友写信。_________________________________________________________________________一、单项选择1.Alotoftrees__________alongthestreetlastyear.A.plantB.plantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted2.---Ifit_______finetomorrow,let’shaveapicnicinthepark.---Greatidea!A.isB.wasC.willbeD.hasbeen3.---YourEnglishissogood.---Thankyou.I_______itsinceIwasseventyearsold.A.learnB.havelearnedC.willlearnD.learned4.PaulandI____tennisyesterday.Hedidmuchbetterthan1.A.playB.willplayC.playedD.areplaying5.TheairinBeijingismuchworsethanthatinmanyothercities.Wemustdo_______toprotectourenvironment.A.nothingB.anythingC.somethingD.everything6.Itisreportedthatpeoplethrow________plasticbagsalongthisstreeteveryweek.A.hundredB.hundredsC.hundredsofD.hundredof7.---Wherewereyouat7:00lastnight?---I_____tomymomathome.A.write B.waswriting C.wroteD.amwriting8.---Mr.Lee______toastudentwhenIenteredtheclassroomthismorning.---Heisverypatient______heisyoung.A.talking;butB.talks;thoughC.wastalking,thoughD.talked,however9.---Whatwereyoudoingthistimeyesterday?---I____onthegrassanddrawingapicture.A.sitB.satC.amsittingD.wassitting10.Thegirlwithtwocatsintheyardwhentheearthquakehappened.A.wasplayingB.isplayingC.areplayingD.wereplaying二、完形填空In1989astrongearthquakealmostflattenedAmerica,andover300,000peoplewereinjuredinlessthanfourminutes.Thoughtheearthquakeshadnotendedcompletely,

afather1Afteramoment

hecametohimselfandrememberedthe2hehadmadetohisson:“Nomatterwhathappens,

I’llalwaysbethereforyou!”Andtearsbegantofillhiseyes.Ashelookedattheruins(废墟),

itlooked3,

buthekeptrememberinghispromisetohisson.Herushedthereandstarteddiggingintheruins.Ashewasdigging,otherhelpless4arrived,saying:“It’stoolate!They’realldead!Comeon,

facereality.There'snothingyoucando!”Toeachparenthejustreplied,“Areyougoingtohelpmenow?”Noonehelped.Andthenhe5todigforhisson,

stonebystone.6hewentonalonebecauseheneededtoknowforhimself:“Ismyboy7orishedead?”Hedugfor8hours…12hours…24hours…36hours…Then,inthe38thhour,hepulledbackalargestoneandheardhisson’s8.Hescreamedhisson’sname,

“ARMAND!”Heheardback,

“Dad!It’sme,

Dad!Itoldtheotherkidsnottoworry.Itoldthemthatifyouwerealive,

youwouldsave

meandwhen

yousavedme,

they’dbesaved.Youpromised,

‘Nomatterwhathappens,

I’llalwaysbe

thereforyou!’Youdidit,

Dad!”“What’sgoingonthere?”Thefatheraskedanxiously.“Thereare14ofusleftoutof33,

Dad.We’reveryfrightened,

hungry,

thirstyandthankfulyou’rehere.

Whenthebuildingfelldown,

it9atriangle（三角形）,

anditsavedus.”“Comeout,

boy!”“

No,

Dad!Lettheotherkidscomeoutfirst,

because

Iknowyou’ll10me!Nomatterwhathappens,

Iknowyou’llalwaysbethereforme!”1.A.walked B.came C.rushed D.drove2.A.conversation B.promise C.dialogue D.encouragement3.A.hopeless B.homeless C.careless D.endless4.A.teachers B.friends C.parents D.students5.A.stopped B.continued C.decided D.started6.A.Seriously B.Nervously C.Dangerously D.Courageously7.A.angry B.alone C.happy D.alive8.A.voice B.speech C.laugh D.suggestion9.A.saved B.made C.rose D.drew10.A.get B.join C.see D.leave__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、单项选择1.---Dad,_____Iborrowyourcamera?---Sure.Butwhy?A.can B.must C.should D.need2.Ithinkman-madewondersare____________thannaturalones.A.excitingB.moreexcitingC.mostexcitingD.themostexciting3.Yourcomputerwillgowrongifyou_____gamestoooftenonit.A.playB.playsC.playingD.willplay4.Thestoryofthisbook______howyoungpeopleloveeachother.A.tellB.tellsC.telling D.told5.---Willteachers_____bycomputersinthefuture,Tony?---Maybeyes,maybeno.ButI’msurewe’lllearnfrombothofthem.A.havereplaced B.arereplacing C.arereplaced D.bereplaced6.LiuXiangtrainedsohard______hehurthisfoot.A.when B.while C.that D.what(附：单选1-6,

北京市昌平区2014-2015学年第一学期初三年级期末质量抽测英语试卷)二、阅读理解ASometimespeoplecalloursa"throw-awaysociety".Thatmeansthatwe'realwaysthrowingawayoldthingsandbuyingnewones.Manytimes,younolongerneedsomething,butsomeoneelsemayjustneedtobuyone.Forexample,ifyourbabydoesn'tlikehistoycaranylonger,whynotgiveittoanearlyfamilywhohasalittlekid?That'sonelessplastictoycarthattheyneedtobuy.It'salsoonelessplastictoythatneedstobeproduced,packagedandshippedtothetoystore.Herearcsomeotherwaystohelpthesocietysaveresources(资源):

★Usetheothersideofthepapersothatlesstreesarecutdown.★Userechargeable(可再充电的)batteriesforyourelectrictoys,MP3players,cellphones,andcameras.★Choosereusabletravelcupsinsteadofdisposable(一次性的)paperorplasticcups.

★Takeyourownclothshoppingbagsinsteadofusingtheplasticbagsthatareofferedwhenyougoshopping.★Drinktapwaterinsteadofbuyingbottledwater.Andtherearesomethingsyoucanexchangewithyourfriends,forexample,books,toys,evenclothes.It'sawayforeveryonetogetsomethingnewwithoutspendinganymoneyandwithoutthrowingmanythingsaway.

1.Whatdoes“throw-awaysociety”meanaccordingtothepassage?A.wedon’tlikeoldthings.B.wedon’tbuynewthings.C.we’realwaysthrowingawayoldthings.D.we’realwaysthrowingawayoldthingsandbuyingnewones.2.Whatdowehelpthesocietyifwegiveasecond-handtoycartoaneighborkid?A.Producemorenewones

B.Developfast

C.BecomericherandricherD.Saveresources3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Weshouldbuythingsthatcanbereusedinourdailylife.

B.Wecanexchangesomethingswithothersforfurtheruse.

C.It’sgoodforustothrowawayoldthingsandbuynewones.

D.Wearesupposedtogivethethingswenolongerneedtoourneighbors.

4.Whatshouldwedoinourdailylifeafterreadingthepassage?

A.Trytothrowasfewoldthingsaswecan.

B.Useasmanydisposablethingsaspossible.

C.Drinkbottledwatereventhoughthereistapwateraround.

D.Buyeverythingweneedinsteadofexchangingthemwithothers.BAsksomeonewhattheyhavedonetohelptheenvironmentrecentlyandtheywillalmostcertainlymentionrecycling.Recyclinginthehomeisveryimportantofcourse.However,beingforcedtorecycleoftenmeanswealreadyhavemorematerialthanweneed.Wearedealingwiththeresultsofthat

over-consumption

inthegreenestwaypossible,butitwouldbefarbetterifwedidnotneedtobringsomuchmaterialhomeinthefirst

place.

Hereisanexample.IntheUK,thetotalamountofpackagingincreasedby12%between1999and2005.Itnowmakesupathirdofatypicalhousehold'swasteintheUK.Inmanysupermarketsnowadaysfooditemsarepackagedtwicewith

plasticandcardboard.

Toomuchpackagingisdoingseriousdamagetotheenvironment.TheUK,forexample,isrunningoutofitforcarryingthisunnecessarywaste.Ifsuchpackagingisburnt,itgivesoffgreen-housegaseswhichgoon

tocausethegreenhouseeffect.Recyclinghelps,buttheprocessitselfusesenergy.Thesolutionisnotto

producesuchitemsinthefirstplace.Foodwasteisaseriousproblem,too.Toomanysupermarketsencouragecustomerstobuymorethantheyneed.However,afewofthemarecomingroundtotheideathatthiscannot

continue,encouragingcustomerstoreusetheirplasticbags,forexample.

Butthisisnotjustaboutsupermarkets.Itisaboutallofus.Wehavelearnedtoassociatepackagingwith

quality.Wehavelearnedtothinkthatsomethingunpackagedisofpoorquality.Thisisespeciallytrueoffood.

Butitalsoappliestoawiderangeofconsumerproducts,whichoftenhavefarmorepackagingthannecessary.

Therearesignsofhope.Asmoreofusrecycle,wearebeginningtorealizejusthowmuchunnecessarymaterialwearecollecting.Weneedtofacethewasteofourdailylife.Althoughmanypeoplehavetakenactiontorecycle,wehaveahighmountaintoclimb.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"over-consumption"referto?A.Usingtoomuchpackaging.

B.Recyclingtoomanywastes.C.Makingmoreproductsthannecessary. D.Havingmorematerialthanisneeded.6.TheauthorusesfiguresinParagraph2toshow_____.A.thetendencyofcuttinghouseholdwaste B.theincreaseofpackagingrecycling C.therapidgrowthofsupermarkets D.thefactofpackagingoveruse7.Accordingtothetext,recycling_____.A.helpscontrolthegreenhouseeffect

B.meansburningpackagingforenergyC.isthesolutiontogasshortage D.leadstoawasteofland8.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Unpackagedproductsareofbadquality.

B.Supermarketscaremoreaboutpackaging.C.Itisimpropertojudgequalitybypackaging. D.Otherproductsarebetterpackagedthanfood.

9.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Fightingwastefulnessisdifficult.

B.Needlessmaterialismostlyrecycled.

C.Peoplelikecollectingrecyclablewaste.

D.Theauthorisproudoftheirconsumerculture.CItisanargumentthathasdividedtheEastandtheWestforcenturies:Arechopsticksbetterthantheknifeandfork,orviceversa?Nowthewinnermayfinallybedecided,onenvironmentalground.Chopsticksaremadefromavarietyofmaterials,butbambooandwoodchopsticksaremorepopular.Theyareusuallycheaper,lowerintemperatureconductionandprovidebettersenseforholdingfood.That’swhyalmostalldisposable（一次性的）chopsticksaremadeofbambooorwood.Withcuttingdown25millionfully-growntreesayeartomakechopsticks,Chinahasrankednumberoneamongtheproducers.“Wemustchangeourhabitsandencouragepeopletotaketheirownchopstickswheneatingout,”saidMr.Bo,theownerofaforestryindustrycompanyinChina.Heevenwentsofarastosuggestthatrestaurantsshouldoffermetalknivesandforksinstead.IfMr.Bo’ssuggestioniswidelyaccepted,itwouldbeadarkmomentinchopsticks’4,000-yearhistory.

ChopstickswereinventedinancientChinaandlaterspreadaroundAsia.Theyarenotonlyusedaseatingtoolsbutalsousedforcooking,stirringthefireandservingfood.Koreanssometimesusemetalchopsticksbecauseoftheirloveofbarbecue（烧烤）.ChinesechopsticksarelongerthanKoreanandJapanesechopsticksinordertoreachthedishesinthecenterofthetable.Thereare1.4billionpeopleusing80billionpairsofdisposablechopsticksinChinaeveryyear.However,themostwidespreaduseofdisposablechopsticksisin

Japan.Aroundatot