202x版高考英语总复习 Unit 1 A land of diversity 新人教版选修8

基础自主梳理│考点分层突破│单元能力提升Unit1Alandofdiversity基础自主梳理│考点分层突破│当堂跟踪检测【单词回顾】分类识记拓展运用一、基础识记词汇Ⅰ.填一填(基础会书写)1.____________vi.发生;出现

2.____________vi.滑动;滑行;滑跤n.滑动;滑倒

3.____________vt.&vi.改革;革新n.改革;改造;改良

4.____________n.手段;方法

5.____________prep.尽管;不管

6.____________vt.&n.租用,雇用

基础自主梳理meansslipoccurdespitereformhire7._____________adv.无处;到处都无

8._____________vt.&n.抓住;掌握;领会

9._____________vt.插入;嵌入

基础自主梳理graspnowhereinsertⅡ.填一填(阅读识其义)1.distinctadj.____________________________2.ministryn.____________________________

3.hardshipn.____________________________

4.boomn.____________vi.____________________________

5.racialadj.____________________________

6.customsn.____________________________

7.mournvt.&vi.____________________________

基础自主梳理繁荣(政府的)部;(全体)牧师清晰的;明显的;明确的处于经济迅速发展时期苦难;困苦人种的;种族的海关;关税;进口税哀悼;悼念;表示悲痛8.justicen.___________________9.percentagen.____________________10.luggagen.______________________11.braken._________________vi.&vt._________________________12.ferryn._________________vt.__________________13.authorityn.________________

基础自主梳理闸;刹车;制动器百分比;百分率公正;公平刹(车);用制动器减速行李渡船;渡口摆渡;渡运权威;权力Ⅲ.用一用(语境推意)1.[2018·全国卷Ⅲ]Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.____________________2.[2018·浙江卷]In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters…______________________

3.[2018·浙江卷]Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,theyrepresentasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.____________________

基础自主梳理新兴城市悼念一小部分4.[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]However,Mexicansmayusesilencewheninstructionsaregivenbyapersoninauthorityratherthanberudetothatpersonbyarguingwithhimorher.____________________基础自主梳理掌权;有权力二、核心拓展词汇Ⅰ.填一填(掌握书写)1._____________vt.选择;决定做某事;选举某人→_____________n.选举

2._____________vt.指出;标示;表明;暗示→_____________n.迹象

3._____________n.大多数;大半→_____________adj.主要的vi.主修n.专业→minorityn.少数

4._____________n.申请人→_____________v.申请→_____________n.申请

5._____________adj.显而易见的;显然的;表面上的→_______________adv.明显地

6.__________________n.处罚;惩罚→_____________v.惩罚;处罚

基础自主梳理indicationelectionelectmajorityindicatemajorapplicantapplyapparentlyapplicationapparentpunishmentpunish7._____________n.正义;公平→________________(反义词)n.不公平

8.crossingn.横渡;横越;十字路口;人行横道→________________n.十字;交叉

adj.交叉的;生气的v.使交叉;横过→________________prep.在……的对面(过)

基础自主梳理justiceinjusticeacrosscrossⅡ.用一用(境中提升)1.Jackwasworkinginthelabwhenthepowercut______________(occur).

2.So,letusassumethathistoricalbuildingsarebothattractiveandimportanttothe_____________(major)ofpeople.

3.IfIamluckyenough__________________(elect),Iwillmakeeveryefforttoserveforthebenefitsofstudentsandourclub.

4.[2018·全国卷Ⅱ]Studentsshouldreadthelistwiththeirparents/carers,andselecttwoactivitiestheywouldliketodo.Formswillbeavailableinschoolandonlineforthem________________(indicate)theirchoicesandreturntoschool.

基础自主梳理toindicatemajorityoccurredtobeelected5.[2018·北京卷]______________thepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.

基础自主梳理Despite【记一记】——词不离群基础自主梳理1.单复数意义不同的名词小结①custom(风俗)→customs(海关)②manner(方式)→manners(礼貌)③paper(纸)→papers(文件)④art(艺术)→arts(文科)⑤arm(手臂)→arms(武器)⑥brain(脑袋)→brains(脑力)⑦work(工作)→works(作品)2.“选择”大全①choosevt.选择②choicen.选择③selectvt.选择;挑选;选拔④electvt.推选;选(举)某人任某职⑤electionn.选举,选出,当选⑥optionn.选择,取舍,选择权;可选择的东西⑦pickout选出⑧votevt.&vi.选举;投票【短语扫描】归纳积累一网打尽Ⅰ.填一填(掌握书写)动词+介/副词1.live___________继续存在;继续生存

2.keep___________坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)

3.mark___________用线画出范围;标出……界线

4.take___________包括;吸收

5.teamup___________与……合作或一起工作

6.apply___________申请;请示得到

基础自主梳理

uponinwithoutfor动词+名词7.makea______________习惯于新的生活方式、工作等

介词+名词+介词8.bymeans______________…用……办法;借助……

其他9.back______________back背靠背

10.______________great/goodmany许多;很多

基础自主梳理lifeoftoa选用以上短语填空1.Thepolicelookedintothecasecarefullyandfoundthethiefhadenteredthehouse________________aladder.

2.Itishonourableto________________withyourhandswhiledependingonothersisashame.

3.[2018·天津卷]Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,____________allthesights,soundsandsensations.

4.Whomshouldyoucontactifyouwantto____________thejobinRockville?

5.Johnpreferredtogointobusinessaloneratherthan_________________anyoneelse.

基础自主梳理takeinbymeansofmakealifeapplyforteamupwith【记一记】——词不离群基础自主梳理1.“动词+out”短语再记①bringout阐释;说明;出版②carryout完成;实施计划③eout出现;传出;表露;开花④helpout帮助克服困难⑤giveout用尽;耗尽⑥turnout证明⑦workout计算出;拟定出;解决⑧runout用完⑨setout启程;出发2.“很多”再回顾alotof;lotsof;anumberof;aquantityof;quantitiesof;agood/greatmany;dozensof;scoresof;manya;morethanone;the/amajorityof背句型(课本这样讲)记公式(公式这样记)仿句子(高考这样考)1.___________________________todayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.

那就是为什么今天有超过40%的加利福尼亚人把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言。Thatiswhy…那就是为什么……(why引导的表语从句表示结果)1.[2014·浙江卷·书面表达]那就是为什么我推荐另一个类型的书——文学书籍。__________________Iremendanothercategoryofbooks:literarybooks.

Thatiswhy基础自主梳理【句式再现】攻克句型对接高考Thatiswhy基础自主梳理背句型(课本这样讲)记公式(公式这样记)仿句子(高考这样考)2.________________________beforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.

人们认为,要不了多久,多种国籍的混合将会非常之大,以至于将不会有明显的主要种族或文化群体,而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。It'sbelievedthat…人们认为……(it是形式主语,that引导主语从句)2.[2017·江苏卷·书面表达]在未来的一年,中国经济有望中速发展。________________________China'seconomyistogrowatamediumspeedintheingyear.

ItisbelievedthatItisexpectedthat基础自主梳理背句型(课本这样讲)记公式(公式这样记)仿句子(高考这样考)3.However,__________________NativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.

然而,美洲土著人很可能在至少15000年前就在加利福尼亚州生活着。Itislikelythat…有可能……3.[2017·浙江卷·应用文写作]爬完山后我们有可能会在山脚下的湖边进行一次野餐。___________________wewillhaveapicnicbythelakeatthefootofthemountainafterclimbingthemountain.

itislikelythatItislikelythatmajority

n.大多数;大半·经典例句[教材原句P2]OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whoseministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligiontothenatives.在首批移居加利福尼亚的西班牙人中,大部分是宗教人士,他们的职责是向当地人传授天主教。考点分层突破核心词汇考点分层突破·归纳拓展①beinthe/amajority构成大部分/大多数amajorityoversb 超过对方的票数②majoradj. 大的;主要的n. 主修课程;专业课v. 主修,专攻majorin 主修,专攻③minorityn. 少数;少数民族【名师指津】“the/amajorityof+名词”表示“大多数”,谓语动词的数与of后面的名词保持一致;themajority单独作主语时,谓语动词用单复数均可。

·即学即练单句语法填空(1)Themajorityofthecustoms_____________________(keep)uptillnow.

(2)Themajorityofthedamage__________________(be)easytorepair.(3)Nowthenumberofstudentsintheclass______________(be)50andthemajorityofthem________________(be)immigrants.

考点分层突破havebeenkeptisisare2elect

v.选择;决定;选举·经典例句(1)[教材原句P2]BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobeethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwasalreadyamulticulturalsociety.到1850年加利福尼亚选择成为美国第31个州的时候,它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。(2)Theschoolboardismadeupofparentswhohavebeenelectedtomakedecisionsaboutschoolaffairs.学校董事会是由被选出的对学校事务做出决定的家长们组成的。考点分层突破考点分层突破·归纳拓展①electsb(as/tobe)选举某人(为)……electsbto… 选举某人进入……electtodosth 选择或决定做某事②election n.选举·即学即练完成句子(1)我的英语是如此好,以至于被选为英语老师的助手。MyEnglishissoexcellentthat____________________assistanttomyEnglishteacher.

(2)如果我足够幸运能赢得选举,我要做的第一件事就是丰富学生们的课外活动。______________________________________________,thefirstthingIwilldoistoenrichourstudents'after-classactivities.

考点分层突破IamelectedasIfIamluckyenoughtowintheelection3occurvi.(occurred,occurred;occurring)发生;存在;出现·经典例句(1)Astheywentdown,theweathergotworse.Thenanothertroubleoccurred.当他们往下走的时候,天气变得更糟糕。接着另一个麻烦出现了。(2)Itoccurredtoherthatshecouldsolvetheprobleminanotherway.她突然想到她可以用另一种方法来解决这个问题。(3)Itdidn'toccurtohimtoaskforhelp.他没想到寻求帮助。考点分层突破考点分层突破·归纳拓展①②sbesupwithsth 某人想出(答案、计划)·即学即练[链接写作]一句多译她突然想到她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。(1)_________________________sheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.

(2)_________________________sheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.

(3)_________________________sheshouldadoptthehomelesschild.

考点分层突破ItoccurredtoherthatItstruckherthatIthitherthat4indicatevt.指出;标示;表明;暗示·经典例句(1)[教材原句P7]Trytousetheexpressionsabovetoindicatethatyouarelisteningcarefullytoyourpartner.试着用上面的表达来表明你在认真听你搭档的讲述。(2)[2016·四川卷]Previousstudieshavealsoindicatedthatmilkcanbeexcellentforhelpingsleep…早前的研究也表明牛奶对于帮助睡眠有极好的效果……考点分层突破(3)Asindicatedinthepicture,ifthemaniswillingtolookforotherpossibilities,hecanfindabetterandmorerewardingwaytoachievehisgoal.正如图片中显示的那样,如果这个人愿意寻找其他的可能性,他能找到一个更好的、更有益的方式来实现他的目标。考点分层突破考点分层突破·归纳拓展①indicatesth(tosb)(向某人)暗示、示意某事indicate(tosb)that… (向某人)表示或示意……②indicationn. 指出;表明·即学即练单句语法填空(1)ThehorseisafrequentthemeinChinesepainting,______________(indicate)akindofadvancement.

(2)Heindicated____________________methatwecouldneverbegoodfriendsagain.

考点分层突破indicatingto

对点训练语境语法填空MaXianfu1.______________(elect)asheadoftownshipin1987bythe2.___________(major)ofthevoters.Heevenhadhair3.___________(shave)offtoshowhisdeterminationtoleadthevillagerstogetrich.Hewasoneofthosewhofirst4.____________(grasp)thecountry'spolicyofopeninguptotheoutsideworld.Byreformingthemanagementsystem,thelocalpanieswerebooming.Unfortunately,anaccident5.____________(occur),inwhichMaXianfulosthislife.Thatday,he6.______________(slip)考点分层突破majority

waselectedshavedgraspedoccurredslippedontheicyroad,andthenacarranhimover.Peoplefromallsidesgatheredtomourntheoutstandingleader.Thestory7.____________(indicate)thatagoodleaderplaysavitalroleinlocaleconomicdevelopment.

考点分层突破indicates

bymeansof

用……办法;借助·经典例句Bymeansofcontrolledrelease,Ionlyneedtodeliverbookstootherparticipants.Notonlyarebookssharedbutitcanbuildupabridgeconnectingreadersfromdifferentpartsoftheworldaswell.通过定向分享,我只需要把书寄给其他的参与者,这不仅分享了书而且还在来自世界不同地区的读者之间架起了一座桥梁。考点分层突破高频短语考点分层突破·归纳拓展bythismeans用这种方法byallmeans 当然行,可以,没问题;务必,一定bynomeans 一点也不,绝不byanymeans 无论如何【名师指津】(1)means表示“方式,方法”时,单复数同形。当means作主语且有every,each等词修饰时,谓语动词用单数;由some,several,few,many等词修饰时,谓语动词用复数。(2)当短语bynomeans置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装结构。考点分层突破·即学即练(1)用means的相关短语完成下面语段①___________________,asstudents,weshouldmasteraforeignlanguage②___________________ourdiligence.What'smore,③____________________shouldwewasteouryouth.

(2)单句语法填空Everypossiblemeans①___________________(try),butnoneworks.

=Allpossiblemeans②___________________(try),butnoneworks.

考点分层突破Byanymeansbymeansofbynomeanshasbeentriedhavebeentried2keepup坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)·经典例句(1)[教材原句P2]In1911immigrantsfromDenmarkestablishedatownoftheirown,whichtodaystillkeepsuptheirDanishculture.从丹麦来的移民在1911年建立了他们自己的城镇,今天它仍然沿袭着他们的丹麦文化。(2)Infact,progresshasallowedtraditiontokeepup.事实上,进步让传统得以延续。考点分层突破考点分层突破·归纳拓展keepupwith跟上,不落后;与……并肩前进keepupone'sspirits 振作精神keepuptodate 使跟上时代keepawayfrom (使某人/事物)不靠近某人/事物keepintouchwith 与某人保持联系keepsb/sthout(ofsth) 不让某人/某物进入(某处)keep(on)doing 继续做;重复做·即学即练写出下列各句中keepup的汉语意思(1)Weareveryanxioustokeepupthereputationofthefirm.____________________________________________(2)Inspiteoftheunfavourableweather,thegrainoutputofthefarmkeptupandevenincreasedalittle.__________________________________(3)TheworkistoodifficultformeandIamnotabletokeepup.______________________

(4)Idon'twanttokeepyouup;youlookverysleepy.__________

考点分层突破保持(名誉、友谊、勇气、热情等)(产量、位置等)不下降赶上,跟上熬夜(5)Ican'tkeepupwithallthechangesbecauseI'mtooold.___________

(6)Thehistoricmansionwaspresentedbytheownertothecity,andisnowkeptupbythelocalauthorities.___________________

考点分层突破跟得上保养,维修3takein包括;吸收;理解;欺骗;收留考点分层突破·归纳拓展takeoff起飞;匆匆离去;脱下takeon 呈现;雇用;承担takeover 接收;接管;取代takeup 占去;占据;开始从事takedown 拿下;写下;记下takeback 收回;取回·经典例句(1)Lesleyexplainspossibletreatmentsbutyoucantellshe'snottakingthemin.莱斯莉解释了各种可行的疗法,不过,你可以看出来,她并没有领会。(2)Inthepastfewyears,thevillagehastakenonanewlook.在过去的几年中,这个村庄呈现出了新面貌。·即学即练写出下列各句中takein的含义(1)Thefarmertookinthelosttravellersforthenight.__________考点分层突破收留(2)Whilereadingpopularsciencebooks,wecantakeinmorebasicknowledge.__________(3)TheUnitedKingdomtakesinEngland,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland.__________(4)Lackingnecessarysocialexperience,teenagerstendtobetakeninbyillpeople.__________(5)Beforeyoutranslateasentence,youshouldfirsttakeinthemeaningofthewords.__________

考点分层突破吸收包括欺骗理解

对点训练运用所学短语完成下列短文AttractedbythebeautyofHuangshan,I1.___________________(与……一起)myfriendstotravelthere.Ontheway,thebuswassocrowdedthatwehadtosit2._______________(背靠背).Whenwearrivedthere,wefoundthat3.________________(许多)travellershadalreadyarrived.To4.__________(吸收)enoughfreshair,weraisedourheadsregularly.Differentscenicspotsweredistinctly5.________________(标出).Thepeopletherewerefriendlyandtheymadealiving6.__________________(通过)sellingsouvenirs.考点分层突破teamedupwithbacktobacktakeinagoodmanymarkedoutbymeansofItisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.(教材P3)人们认为,要不了多久,多种国籍的混合将会非常之大,以至于将不会有明显的主要的种族或文化群体,而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。·句型公式考点分层突破重点句型Itisbelievedthat…人们认为……·归纳拓展在该句型中,it是形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语。类似的句型还有:It'ssaid/known/thought/supposed/reportedthat…此类句型也可转化为“从句主语+be+过去分词+不定式”的形式,即sb/sthissaid/known/thought/supposed/reported/believedtodo/tohavedone考点分层突破·经典例句(1)It'sgenerallybelievedthatpeopleactthewaytheydobecauseoftheirpersonalitiesandattitudes.人们普遍认为人的性格和态度决定人的行为。(2)ItissaidthatChina'sbuzzword,Addoil,hasbeeninOxfordEnglishDictionary.据说中国时髦热词“Addoil(加油)”已经被收入《牛津英语词典》。考点分层突破·即学即练完成句子(1)人们普遍认为沿袭一些好的传统是非常重要的。_______________________________itisveryimportanttokeepupsomegoodtraditions.

(2)据说那本书是今年的畅销书。Thebook_______________________________________________________.

考点分层突破It'sgenerallybelievedthatisbelievedtobethebest-sellerofthisyear

对点训练语境改错JacklikesexploringtheAmazoninBrazil,buthenevertakeschances;that'sbecausehehassurvivedwhilemostofhispartnershaven't.Hepreferstomakecarefulplansinadvanceratherthanriskhislifetodothingsthatareboundtofail.Lastweek,JackbegananothertriptotheAmazon.FirsthearrivedinthatisknownasManaus,acitywhereisbeli-evedthatsomeplacesofinterestarewellworthavisit.ProvincePalaceisoneofthem.Buildingin1874,thisbuildingusedtoserveaspolicehead-quarters.Today,itishometoseveraldifferentorganization.考点分层突破

JacklikesexploringtheAmazoninBrazil,buthenevertakeschances;that'sbecausehehassurvivedwhilemostofhispartnershaven't.Hepreferstomakecarefulplansinadvanceratherthanriskhislifetodothingsthatareboundtofail.Lastweek,JackbegananothertriptotheAmazon.FirsthearrivedinthatisknownasManaus,acitywhere∧isbeli-evedthatsomeplacesofinterestarewellworthavisit.Province考点分层突破whywhatitPalaceisoneofthem.Buildingin1874,thisbuildingusedtoserveaspolicehead-quarters.Today,itishometoseveraldifferentorganization.考点分层突破BuiltorganizationsⅠ.单句语法填空1.Totheseforeigners,itisallabouthowtostayandmake___________lifehereforthemselves.

2.Itisnotrarein_____________1990sthatpeopleintheirfiftiesaregoingtouniversityforfurthereducation.

3.Amongthemembersofthemitteethosewhoareinfavouroftheplanare___________themajority.

4.Besides,IhavesuchagoodmandofEnglishthatI_____________(elect)asassistanttomyEnglishteacher.

当堂跟踪检测atheinamelected5.Itneveroccurred__________himthathiscarelessnesscoulddosuchgreatharmtohimself.

6.FrankHurley,aconfidentandgiftedAustralianphotographerwhoknewtheAntarctic,_______________(hire)tomaketheimages,mostofwhichhaveneverbeforebeenpublished.

7.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceourcountry________________(reform)andopenedtotheoutsideworld40yearsago.

8.Itwasreportedthatagreatmanycollegestudents__________________(send)totheWesttohelpthechildrenthere.

当堂跟踪检测toreformedwashiredweresent9.Justasis_________________(apparent)indicatedinitsbrochure,thereareagoodmanyvaluablecollections.

10.Thereisagreatdealofevidence______________(indicate)thatlisteningtosoftmusiccanreducestress.

Ⅱ.短语填空1.To______________________goodrelationshipswithyourteachersandclassmates,youshouldlearntobeongoodtermswiththem.

当堂跟踪检测apparentlyindicatingkeepupmarkout,takein,teamupwith,keepup,applyfor2.He__________________hisbrotherinthedoubles,whichdrewmuchattentionoftheaudience.

3.MrBrownsentane-mailtothemanager,________________ajobinthepany.

4.Inthewild,differentcatsusually_________________theirownarea,soothercatsknowtostayaway.

5.Theseteenagersdon'tknowmuchoftheworldyet;that'swhytheyaresoeasily________________.

当堂跟踪检测teamedupwithapplyingformarkouttakeninⅢ.句型训练1.他没理解这个问题,所以他的回答没有切中要害。(that'swhy)Hedidnotunderstandthequestion.___________________